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Sun -  695,700 km
Mercury - 2,440 km
Venus - 6,052 km
Earth - 6,371 km
Mars - 3,390 km
Jupiter - 69,911 km
Saturn - 58,232 km
Uranus - 25,362 km
Neptune - 24,622 km
Moon - 1,737 km

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How Far Each Planet Is Away From The Sun

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How Far Each Planet Is Away From The Sun

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Mercury - 57.91 million kilometres
Venus - 108.2 million kilometres
Earth - 149.6 million kilometres
Mars - 227.9 million kilometres
Jupiter - 778.5 million kilometres
Saturn - 1.429 billion kilometres
Uranus - 2.871 billion kilometres
Neptune - 4.498 billion kilometres

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The huge hexagonal storm on Saturn's north pole remained a mystery. But today, with advanced technology and equipment, we may be able to answer this question.

Nothing like the hexagon has ever been seen on any other world. The structure, which contains a churning storm at its center, is about 32,000 kilometres wide, and thermal images show that it reaches roughly 100 kilometres down into Saturn's atmosphere.

Scientists ran computer simulations of an eastward jet flowing in a curving path near Saturn's north pole. Small perturbations ( the complex motion of a massive body subject to forces other than the gravitational attraction of a single other massive body) in the jet — the kind one might expect from jostling with other air currents — made it meander into a hexagonal shape. Moreover, this simulated hexagon spun around its center at speeds close to that of the real one.

The scenario that best fits Saturn's hexagon involves shallow jets at the cloud level. Winds below the cloud level apparently help keep the shape of the hexagon sharp and control the rate at which the hexagon drifts.

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Earth's atmosphere is 78% nitrogen, 21% oxygen, 0.9% argon, and 0.03% carbon dioxide with very small percentages of other elements. Our atmosphere also contains water vapor.

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Short-period comets (those which take less than 200 years to complete an orbit around the Sun) originate from the Kuiper Belt. Jan Oort proposed that comets reside in a huge cloud at the outer reaches of the solar system, far beyond the orbit of Pluto. This has come to be known as the Oort Cloud.

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Plumes (a long cloud of smoke or vapour resembling a feather as it spreads from its point of origin) On Ceres

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Plumes (a long cloud of smoke or vapour resembling a feather as it spreads from its point of origin) On Ceres

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Ceres is both the largest asteroid and largest dwarf planet in our solar system. We mentioned it might contain more water than allthe fresh water on Earth. Since then, scientists have discovered it’s shooting some of that water into space. Plumes of vapor were detected by the European Space Agency’s Herschel space telescope. The unanswered question is what’s causing them.

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This elusive glow on the dusk side of Earth’s sister was first spotted in 1643 and has been observed many times. It was seen at least 129 times from 1954 to 1962. Yet despite so many sightings, some believe Ashen Light is an artifact of observation. Others insist it’s a real phenomenon.

This question is still yet to be answered, but theories aren't what it seems like.

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When NASA’s MESSENGER probe made a pass on Mercury in January 2011, it photographed a crater different from any other we’ve found in the solar system. It’s been nicknamed “the spider” as around 50 troughs branch out from the basin in all directions. A scientist from the laboratory that helped build the probe called it “a real mystery” and suggested volcanic activity may be behind it. The structure has since received the official name “Pantheon Fossae,” named after the Pantheon domed temple in Rome, with Fossae being the Latin word for “trenches.”

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A dark spot has been discovered on Uranus. Similar spots have been seen in Uranus before, possibly created be eddies (a circular movement of water causing a small whirlpool) in the atmosphere. Scientists are unsure of what caused the dark spot.

In 2011, astronomers spotted the opposite—a large white spot 10 times brighter than the rest of the planet. It appeared to be hundreds of miles wide and may have been a giant methane storm. The Hubble Telescope was put there and discovered a dark spot paired with the huge one.

The answer is still out there, waiting to be found about these spots.

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Researchers have found evidence suggesting there may be a "Planet X" deep in the solar system. The object, which the researchers have nicknamed "Planet Nine," could have a mass about 10 times that of Earth and orbit about 20 times farther from the sun on average than Neptune. It may take between 10,000 and 20,000 Earth years to make one full orbit around the sun.

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Why Earth Is The Only Existing Planet In The Solar System Known To Have Life       Part B

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Why Earth Is The Only Existing Planet In The Solar System Known To Have Life       Part B

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Jupiter - There is no solid ground and people cannot stand on it. It is very far away from the sun and it is very cold so humans would freeze. People can't breathe in Jupiter because there's no oxygen.
Saturn - It has different gases and is a big ball of gas. Saturn does not have a surface so plants can´t grow.
Uranus - There is no oxygen, it's very cold and the plants can't grow. Humans can't live in Uranus cause there are different gases that are cold hydrogen, helium and methane.
Neptune - People could not survive on Neptune because it does not have oxygen, Neptune's core has molten rock, water, liquid ammonia, and methane, Hydrogen, helium, and a small amount of methane gives the clouds blue color.

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Why Earth Is The Only Existing Planet In The Solar System Known To Have Life       Part A

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Why Earth Is The Only Existing Planet In The Solar System Known To Have Life       Part A

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Mercury - Has no oxygen, no water, no air, the temperature is extremely hot and plants can't grow on its surface so food cannot be grown.
Venus - The atmosphere of Venus is so hot and thick. You would not survive even a visit to the surface of the planet. You couldn't breathe the air, you would be crushed by the enormous weight of the atmosphere, and you would burn up in surface temperatures.
Mars - Has almost no surface water; a toxic atmosphere that is too thin for humans to live without pressure suits; deadly solar radiation; temperatures lower than Antarctica; and few to none of the natural resources that have been critical to human success on Earth.

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How Long It Takes For A Planet To Orbit The Sun

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How Long It Takes For A Planet To Orbit The Sun

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Mercury - 88 days
Venus - 0.615 Earth years or every 224.7 Earth days
Earth - 365 days
Mars - 1.88 Earth years or  every 686.93 Earth days
Jupiter - 12 Earth years
Saturn - 29.4 Earth years or every 10,755.7 Earth days
Uranus - 84 Earth years or every 30,687 Earth days
Neptune - 164.79 Earth years or 60,190 Earth days

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The Great Red Spot, a fierce storm in the atmosphere larger than Earth that has lasted for centuries. In recent years, the spot has been mysteriously shrinking. Once an oval about  41,036 kilometres in the late 1880s, the spot shrank to its smallest observed size in 2014—the shape of a circle about  16,495 kilometres across.

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Uranus is the only planet whose equator is nearly at a right angle to its orbit, with a tilt of 97.77 degrees. This result may have happened in a collision with an earth-sized object long ago.

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We all know that Saturn has ring. Even though it's not the only planet with one,  Saturn's rings are the biggest and brightest. But how did Saturn get its rings? Already one thing that's obvious about Saturn's rings is that it's made of ice and rock. Scientists are not that sure about how Saturn got its rings. They think it might be to do with the many moons Saturn has. Earth has only one moon. But Saturn has at least 60 moons orbiting it. Asteroids and meteoroids sometimes crash into these moons and break them into pieces.

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Our Sun is a star. It provides us warmth and daylight. But have you ever stopped and wondered how hot the Sun is? This star is burning hot, at an astonishing 27 million degrees Fahrenheit (15 million degrees Celsius) or more. At the Sun's core, gravitational attraction produces immense pressure and temperature. Hydrogen atoms get compressed and fuse together, creating helium. This process is called nuclear fusion.