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In the United States and most other countries, creators are automatically granted the copyright to their creative works as soon as the works are created and fixed in a physical medium such as paper, a recording, or a computer file. This gives creators ownership rights to their works, just as carpenters, bakers, and candlestick makers are automatically granted property ownership rights to the physical objects they create.

The purpose of copyright is to prevent other people from using the work of a creator without compensation or to dilute the value of creative work by freely making many copies of it and distributing it to the public. Without copyright protection, creators would not be able to make their creations as a paying career.

Creators can also register their works with their country’s copyright office. This is one way of proving who was the original creator of work should there be a dispute. It may also grant the creator additional protections against infringement of their work. In the United States, registering your work allows you to sue in Federal court for copyright infringement and to collect statutory damages if you prevail.

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Understanding Copyright, Public Domain, and Fair Use

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In this case “public domain” refers to creative materials that are not protected by intellectual property laws such as copyright, trademark, or patent laws. The public owns these works, not an individual author or artist. Anyone can use a public domain work without obtaining permission, but no one can ever own it.
Individuals often use images and other materials for their Marketing Campaigns.

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"Fair Use" is a defense to copyright infringement in the United States that allows certain uses to be made of copyrighted material by persons other than the holders of the copyrights on that material.

When determining if a particular use is "fair" and therefore non-infringing, courts will weigh four factors:

(1) the purpose and character of your use

(2) the nature of the copyrighted work

(3) the amount and substantiality of the portion taken

(4) the effect of the use upon the potential market

These factors are necessarily subjective and are weighed on a case-by-case basis, so anyone who thinks that a particular use may fall within this defense should consider carefully how to make his or her use appear best in light of the four factors.

Good examples of fair use can be things like book reviews that excerpt small portions of the book, use of a portion of a work to parody that work, use for a scholarship (with proper citations to avoid plagiarism), and other uses that render the resulting second use somehow "transformative"—that is, the second work is qualitatively different from the original.

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Two cases where students analyze copyright cases

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Two cases where students analyze copyright cases

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1. As a student, I would like to use “FRIENDS” TV scripts as data in my thesis. Will I face copyright issues? Or does it come under fair use of exception in the USA?

2. Do I own copyright if I translate an author’s (like J.K Rowling; the author of Harry Potter) work to my Indonesian language?why? or why not?