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The Association for the Study of Afro-American Life and History is founded by Carter G. Woodson (Multicultural Education).

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Woodson publishes the textbook, The Negro in Our History, which is used in African American high schools and colleges. He also publishes Negro Makers of History for elementary school students (Multicultural Education).

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Cater G. Woodson publishes the magazine, The Negro History Bulletin, which highlights extraordinary educators (Multicultural Education).

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During the Civil Rights Movement, the Ethnic Studies movement is led by scholars such as Woodson, George Washington Williams, W. E. B. Dubois, and Charles H. During this time, scholars strived to correct the negative stereotypes surrounding African Americans. This was done by accurately describing the lives and contributions of African Americans. The goal of this movement was to challenge “stereotypes and negative beliefs” by providing accurate research and facts. Additionally, African Americans insisted that their history be included in school curriculum (Multicultural Education).

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The cultural deprivation paradigm was developed. It aligns with the idea that the culture of a student may prevent them from being successful in school and life (Multicultural Education).

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Activists and call for reform against the racially oppressive curriculum taught in schools (A Brief History).

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Sesame Street, which includes characters of multiple races, is proven to have a positive effect on the children who watch it. These children appear to have less “prejudiced beliefs and attitudes toward others.” This proves that highlighting people of other cultures as well as referencing other cultures in the classroom positively affects the way students think (Multicultural Education).

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Professional Organizations push for “the integration of ethnic content into the school and teacher education curriculum.” In 1977, the National Council for the Accreditation of Teacher Education (NCATE) began to require all NCATE members to implement multicultural education into their curriculum (Multicultural Education).

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A study conducted by M. Ahmed Ijaz and I. Helene Ijaz concludes that including “plays, folk dances, music, role playing, and simulations” can positively affect racial attitudes of elementary students (Multicultural Education).

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Multicultural theorists decided that the ethnic studies movement did not create the school reform that was necessary for meeting the needs of students of color. The main goal became to structurally change the way students are taught. The focus of multicultural education expanded to race, “social class, language, and gender” (Multicultural Education).

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All teachers are now required to learn about how to be culturally responsive in the classroom. The curriculum that is provided for teachers includes ethnic diversity in forms of assessment. In many classrooms, teachers educate their students about prejudice and stereotypes (New York University).

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Teachers have continued to incorporate elements of multiple cultures in their classrooms and Multicultural education materials have become more popular. Society has become more open to multicultural education (Multicultural Education).

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A brief history of multicultural education. EdChange Consulting and Workshops on Multicultural Education, Diversity, Equity, Social Justice. (n.d.). Retrieved February 20, 2022, from http://www.edchange.org/multicultural/papers/edchange_history.html

Multicultural education - history, the dimensions of multicultural education, evidence of the effectiveness of multicultural education. StateUniversity.com. (n.d.). Retrieved February 20, 2022, from https://education.stateuniversity.com/pages/2252/Multicultural-Education.html

New York University Metropolitan Center for Urban Education. (n.d.). Principles of Culturally Responsive Education. Retrieved February 19, 2022, from https://mvnu-prod33.moonami.com/pluginfile.php/625356/mod_resource/content/1/Culturally%20Responsive%20Teaching%20PowerPoint.pdf

Robins, K. N., Lindsey, D. B., Lindsey, R. B., &amp; Terrell , R. D. (2012). Culturally proficient instruction: A guide for people who teach. Corwin.