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Learn about the Masoleum at Halicarnassus

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Learn about the Masoleum at Halicarnassus

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o  Mausolus, with his queen Artemisia, ruled over Halicarnassus and the surrounding territory for 24 years

- Mausolus died in 353 B.C.

- Artemisia lived for only 2 years after the death of

her husband and both were buried in the mausoleum

o  Many famous sculptures worked in the construction of the mausoleum (Pliny, Bryaxis, Leochares, Timotheus, and Scopas)

o  Hundreds of workmen and craftsmen worked alongside sculptures

o  Charles Thomas Newton – sent out in 1846 to search for more remains of the Mausoleum (discovered statues, broken stone chariot wheel from sculpture on roof, and other remains)

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o  Mausoleum at Halicarnassus a.k.a the Tomb of Mausolus

o  Mausolus was the great governor of the region

o  A tomb for the City King

o  140 feet high

o  Rich with sculptures and carvings

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o  Halicarnassus or the Modern Bodrum, Turkey

o  Built on hill overlooking city

o  Structure sat in center of enclosed courtyard on stone platform

o  Center of platform was the tomb itself

o  Today works of art discovered by Charles Newton stand in the Mausoleum Room at the British Museum

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 Small city block preserves the remains of the famous Mausoleum

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 Small city block preserves the remains of the famous Mausoleum

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o  Built around round 350 B.C. (About 1500 years ago)

o  Destroyed by earthquakes in 13th century A.D.

o  By 1404 A.D. only the very base of the Mausoleum was still recognizable

o  Final destruction by Crusaders in 1522 A.D.

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o  E rected by Queen Artemisia in memory of her husband

o In tribute to her husband the queen decided to build him the most splendid tomb in the known world - she d ecided that no expense was to be spared in the building of his tomb

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o  Built with white marble

o  Was so beautiful and unique that it became 1 of the 7 Wonders of the Ancient World

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o  Built in a mixture of Egyptian, Greek, and Lycian styles

o  Queen Artemisia was also Mausolus' sister

Custom in Caria was for rulers to marry their own sisters

o  Structure was so famous that Mausolus’ name is now associated with all stately tombs in the world – mausoleum

Many buildings are modelled after this one

ex: the Taj Mahal (white marble), Shah-i-Zinda (central Asia)

o  Each of the famous architectures took one side of the tomb to decorate

o  Roof was in form of stepped pyramid with 24 levels