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Assignment 1 – Why Music Videos 

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Assignment 1 – Why Music Videos 

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Task 1: Purposes of Music Videos - Unit 29 - (P1)  

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Task 1: Purposes of Music Videos - Unit 29 - (P1)  

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You will have a class discussion on the purpose of music videos with illustrations. Take notes from class discussion and show your understanding using subject terminology correctly on your blog page. Padlet.com

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Promotional benefits of the song or album

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Promotional benefits of the song or album

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This is a music video for Lewis Watson "Step Out Into the Wild", the video is simply a promotion for the song. There is no product placement in the video and no advertising at the beginning. This shows that the video was made just to get the artist more publicity.

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lewis watson - into the wild (official video)

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my debut album 'the morning' is available now from http://smarturl.it/themorning official video for 'into the wild', track 1 from the new EP 'The Wild'. out now. download here: http://smarturl.it/the-wild W: http://www.lewiswatsonmusic.com F: http://www.facebook.com/lewiswatsonmusic T: http://twitter.com/levvis_

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Purpose of the music video to artist or group 

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Purpose of the music video to artist or group 

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This music video shows Gabriella Aplin recording her song "Please Don't Say You Love Me" in a studio. The purpose of the video to the artist is to give a "raw" view on her song, with no distractions. The track has a much more unedited feel to it, and because it was a studio session it probably would have been one take. Therefore I think that the video was probably made to try and appeal to "music purists", people who would want to know that she was a good artist and could perform well. It would also not have cost as much as a "full scale" music video so may have been made before she released a narrative music video.

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Warner Music Group Company Gabrielle Aplin

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Please Don't Say You Love Me (Studio Session)

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Pre-order the new album 'Light Up The Dark' at http://po.st/iLUTD English Rain EP out now in the US/CA: http://smarturl.it/englishrainep English Rain: http://smarturl.it/EnglishRain My debut album English rain is out now. Check it out via the YouTube album sampler here: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=va6vCi... and you can buy it here: http://smarturl.it/EnglishRain Follow Gabrielle on Spotify: http://bit.ly/1eJqkYA Follow Me!

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How does music videos generate
money for the record company

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How does music videos generate
money for the record company

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The band who released this video (the Script), released it through a video hosting company called VEVO. VEVO's revenue is gained from advertising, on youtube an advert is played before the video. Companies pay Google who in term share some of this payment to the channel (in this case VEVO), VEVO would then give the artists a portion of the payment they had received. Bands release their videos through companies like VEVO because they already have a large audience, therefore the videos have more potential to reach the audience. And the more people that saw this on YouTube the more people likeley to buy the track and therefore the more revenue.

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The Script - The Man Who Can’t Be Moved (Official Video)

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Extension of income  - release of the
music video, advertising 

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Extension of income  - release of the
music video, advertising 

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The first 35 seconds of this Avril Lavigne music video is advertising for a Sony Xperia device, her first words are "Oh, my new Sony phone is ringing,". The Sony device is shown in a cup full of water, advertising through product placement that it is waterproof. As well as this her video is released on VEVO meaning video advert revenue too.

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Avril Lavigne - Rock N Roll (Official Video)

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Producers’ strategies i.e. Youtube, Vevo, social networking 

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Producers’ strategies i.e. Youtube, Vevo, social networking 

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This video is Pharrel Williams "Happy 1A.M.", the video is an hour long and was released at 1A.M. In total there are 24 of these one hour music videos and a website (http://24hoursofhappy.com) which has all 24 of the music videos merged into one. The video was filmed over 11 days, and covered 8 miles of Los Angeles. The video featured cameos from several celebrities and also featured a few "Minions" (Despicable Me). Part of the appeal of this music video was the fact that it was supposedly encouraging people to feel happy about life. Everyone shown dancing and lip-syncing is happy even though they all do different things and are in different situations. The production company claims it is the first 24 hour music video, this has also added to the amount of people who have watched it. Some people even watched the 24 hours in its entirety when it was released; they put this on their blog and therefore views of the song were very high. In the end it became one of the best sold songs.

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Synergy – promotion for the film Industry 

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Synergy – promotion for the film Industry 

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The music video below is for Ed Sheeran's "I See Fire", the footage used is all taken from "the Hobbit" film. The song was also used in the film as a backing track, so Warner Bros Studios made a deal with Ed Sheeran. They shared their material to increase the promotional reach and for wider audiences to see their work. Ed Sheeran would get views from "the Hobbit" fans and "the Hobbit" would be promoted to Ed Sheeran fans, it is a mutually beneficial arrangement.

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Task 2: Music Video Research - Unit 29 -
(P1, M1) 

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Task 2: Music Video Research - Unit 29 -
(P1, M1) 

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This music video was made to bring publicity to the song, and to that particular collaboration. The two singers who originally sang it were joined in by the Grimethorpe Colliery band. The music video was not made to be an extension of income, it does not contain any product placement, it is not "monetized" on YouTube and is not hosted by a platform like VEVO. To watch the video you have to go on YouTube, this is the only place to which the video has been uploaded. The video is not found on the any of the performers websites'. Sales statistics for this song are not actually available.

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Grimethorpe Colliery Band Alistair Griffin

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Alistair Griffin & Leddra Chapman - The One - feat. Grimethorpe Colliery Band

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The purpose of this music video is to create publicity to the band and it's song. The video also creates more income for the group through advertising, it is on a video hosting channel called VEVO. VEVO creates revenue through adverts. The video was not released anywhere but the VEVO Imagine Dragons channel. The song sold over 7 million digital copies in the US (as of May 2014) and is therefore the US's best selling rock song of all time.

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This video was made for publicity, it also shows some of the meaning behind the song. This video was an extension of income for the artist, it was hosted on VEVO and therefore made money through advertising, as well as this the video is sold on the iTunes store (though not available in the UK). The video is available on iTunes and on the Emily Sandé VEVO channel but no where else. The song got to fourth on the UK charts, however the number of sales is not available.

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Emeli Sandé - Clown (Official Music Video)

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Task 3: History of Music Videos - Unit
29 - (P1, M1 & D1)

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Task 3: History of Music Videos - Unit
29 - (P1, M1 & D1)

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Over time the meaning of a “music video” and what it would entail has dramatically changed. At the beginning music videos would have been one-angle clips of the band singing. Gradually over time people developed techniques and music video was taken seriously as a publicity method.

40’s Music Video:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=J5TUCRDM6X8

In the forties “Music Videos” as we know them weren’t in really a thing, instead there were musical films. The linked clip is from the film 'Strike Up The Band' and the actress is Judy Garland. The artists image in the video was of the girl she was acting as, from what we can tell this is a lonely librarian. The music itself is very different from what is made now, the recording sounds “muffled”. This is because the microphones at that point weren’t as sensitive and therefore could not pick up the intricacies of sound that we are now so used to hearing. The style of her clothes also shows that she is from a different period, it is quite simple compared to some clothes now and looks more formal. Because this was a film about a normal woman of their time she is dressed like most people did. The quality of the footage compared to what we now can produce is fairly poor; it is black and white and not that sharp. However for its time it was good quality, especially as it was part of a feature film – therefore a bigger budget. Even though compared to now the definition is bad you can tell it was a high quality production, the camera work is all very high standard and pans etc. are all very smooth. They mainly use close-up and mid-shots, but end on an establishing shot. The editing techniques are basic, they are just simple cuts between different angles – there are no time jumps. There are no obvious special effects that I can see.

50’s Music Video:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fbre48NgBOg

As time went time went music video progressed, by the 50s people were already starting to recognise music video’s potential. The link is to Elvis Presley’s “Jailhouse Rock” music video and although it is not quite like modern videos you can see the similarities. Elvis had a well recognised image, part of his image was the risque element of all his performances. His dancing was in a style that was very avanguard at his time, they tended to film him above the waist because of his hip thrusting. Now his dancing is still sexual but we have got accostomend to this because of performers like Miley Cyrus etc. The music itself is rock and roll, of which Elvis was named “the King” it is different to modern music but still good. The fashion is different from ours, although we have tight jeans we would not really wear what looks like a denim jacket. The footage is better than from the 40's but still not as good as what is currently considered professional standard. However it is not much of an improvement on the 40's video, this is probably because the one I used for the 40's was from an actual film. They would have probably used 35mm film or better whereas the fifties one is a music video (smaller budget) and probably would have used 16mm film which would therefore be of a lower standard. The video features mid shots to wide shots, it usually cuts between these and a few go from mid to wide using a jib shot. As mentioned it features a few cuts, these are the only editing techniques really featured. There are no obvious special effects, however the black and white could be an intentional style (it could have been filmed in colour) because they knew TV's could only play black and white at that point.

50’s Music Video:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PU5xxh5UX4U

Elvis has a definite image, he has a style of dancing and hair etc. that is signature to him. He always has his hair styled and shiny and in this video is well dressed. The music is the same style as the music in his 50's video, the style had not changed and is still popular today. However new pop songs dont have the same style as Elvis, they have a modern style. The fashion is different but Elvis is dressed like some would dress now, he has a black shirt and smart black trousers. However the band behind him are wearing striped t-shirts (all the same) which is not how people would dress now. The footage is of a fairly good quality and is colour, this is an obvious improvement on the last videos. The video just goes from wide shots to mid shots throughout the video, with basic cuts. The only special effects that have been used is a possible colour grade to give it its "look". It is in the style of a film.

70’s Music Video:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-tJYN-eG1zk
Queen have chosen to have a very definite, quirky image in this video. They are dressed in the styles of the time but definitely on the fringes of it, wearing welly boots and strange sunglasses. The music itself if different from the 60's and also from now, however it is still considered good music. The footage is quite poor, worse than Elvis's 60's video, however this could be because it wasn't filmed inside a studio. At that point most of the good cameras were too large to take outside so they had to use smaller worse cameras. It has a lot of different types of shots, including creative low angles etc. The types of cuts are basic but the video does open and close with a fade. I cannot see any special effects being used. The style was quite different from the Elvis video, it is a more raw edgy video that takes risks.

80’s Music Video:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OMOGaugKpzs
The artist is not really focused on, we get the impression of a sombre but emotional young man. The music is not the same as our music but is obviously different to the earlier songs, it is still a well known tune. The fashion is not emphasised in the video but is different from our modern styles. The quality is no that great, however it looks like it was a style they were going for. There is a range of shots in this video (though no extreme low or high angles etc.), these go right from wide shots to close ups, there are also a few pans and jib shots. The editing is mainly just simple cuts but there are some transitions, including some which show too items on screen (such as the artists face and another location). There is some use of special effects on this video, the highlighted areas (like his hands at the beginning) have a kind of shine on them. On top of this there are the transitions, which include the drum appearing from an ash tray. There is a definite subdued style to this video, they did have colour video at this point but they chose to use black and white to add to the style.

90’s Music Video:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=otCpCn0l4Wo
The artist is portrayed in a modern way, they also try to make him look "big". The music is fairly modern, a rap with electronic sound. The fashion shows elements of ours, however at that point they were at the "cutting edge" of their fashion. Until recently the clothes they were wearing were what rappers and street-dancers tended to wear. The quality of the footage is definitely an improvement on the 80's video, even the parts not in a studio are good. There is a range of shots in the video, it is creative using Dutch angles and other. It is a much more adventurous style of video than the others before it and is definitely more modern than what came before. It uses a lot more special effects than other videos, including partial colour. The editing is quick and it cuts to the beat, something that would have been a lot more work in the past.

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Assignment 2 –
Videos and more videos 

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Assignment 2 –
Videos and more videos 

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Task 1: Understand styles of Music Videos - Unit
29 - (P2 part)  

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Task 1: Understand styles of Music Videos - Unit
29 - (P2 part)  

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Describe the styles, conventions and techniques of music videos with some appropriate use of subject terminology.

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Artists will often use live and in-concert in their music videos - some times they make the music video using only live and in-concert footage. One good thing is that this can save the band some money and is an easy way to get footage. Concerts are usually filmed anyway, and it can attract more people to the concert if they advertise it will be used in there music video. As well as this in-concert footage can often have a lot of energy in them and can be done on a large scale, especially if it is a famous band like Europe (shown below). If they had paid extras to come and act in a set up concert it would have cost them a fortune, whereas using in-concert footage meant the extras practically paid them.

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Europe - The Final Countdown (Official Video)

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Animation can be a useful tool when making a music video. One thing it can do is enable bands to tell stories in ways they simply could not afford to do if it were real. As well as this it can show things in a different way, for example the video for Handlebars (below) cover things in a way that would not be as effective if it was camera footage. One thing the band would have had difficulty doing if they were to make the video without animation is having as many sets as was needed, they would have also had to pay a lot of money to get enough actors.

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Interpretive videos are those which show a message without necessarily saying it or showing it on screen. The music video for Fireflies could be interpreted as representing the singers longing to go back to his childhood. All the toys surrounding him are ones he had when he was younger, as well as this the lyrics of the song are very imaginative and are situations a child might image; "Cause I'd get a thousand hugs
From ten thousand lightning bugs". Sometimes the video may represent what the singer felt when they wrote the song, and not seem directly linked to the lyrics of the song.

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Owl City - Fireflies (Official Music Video)

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The music video for "Love me Again" has a story narrative throughout. The band and singer are shown singing in a venue, it looks like it is a dance/ball. A girl and guy walk in seperately, they see each other and start chatting. Eventually the girl calls the guy to go out of the dance with her, he walks after her down to a snooker room where they start kissing. A guy up in the dance seams to notice the girl is missing and sends two guys down to the snooker room, two other guys meet them there are look like they are going to fight. The "couple" slip out and run onto the street, the last shot is then crossing a road where they look like they get run over by a van. However the lyrics of the song are not literally the story, the story is an interpretation of the song. Some music videos with a narrative literally follow a story which is the lyrics, on those the song is almost a script for the video.

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Impressionist music videos tell there stories by giving impressions rather than explicit and obvious messages. For example Adele's "Rolling in the Deep" music video shows clips of apparently random things; a ninja looking dancer kicking up dust, a drummer under the stairs, plates being broken, and a few other things. These leave an impression of chaos and destruction, fitting the desolate broken feel of the song.

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Adele - Rolling in the Deep (Official Music Video)

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Surrealist music videos have a surreal feel to them, the style is slightly dreamy and other worldly. The music video for "Jar of Hearts" is obviously surreal, it uses strange angles, colours and effects to add to the feel of the video. One example of a surreal shot that is used is where they show the singers chest, an ink-like substance peels away (as if it was her skin) to show an empty jar (representing her heart). Other surreal music videos can look normal, in that they do not obviously have special effects, but feature strange events, for example Coldplay's "Parachute" where everything is happening backwards apart from the singers lip-syncing.

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christina perri - jar of hearts [official music video]

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This video is obviously a pastiche to Michael Jackson's "Thriller", however it is a different song. A pastiche is a piece of art, writing or music which imitates the style or feel of another piece of work; unlike a parody it celebrates the work and doesn't mock. This music video made for Lindsay Stirling has a similar story and style to thriller, like thriller it zombies dancing to the music, along with the singer. Her video is obviously not making fun of Michael Jackson's, it is using his interesting, creative idea for effect.

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Moon Trance - Lindsey Stirling (Original Song)

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Parody music videos are mockeries of the original, they use the lyrics of the song and details of the original music video to a humorous purpose. For example in this parody of Shakira and Rihanna "Can't Remember to Forget You" mocks the fact that there is a bed at the bottom of the stairs. Parodies are mic-takes, they are not serious explorations of themes etc. Parodies usually have different lyrics to the original, these lyrics can be mocking the original music video, sometimes parodies have the same lyrics but the music video is made to be a mockery of the lyrics.

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Shakira - Can't Remember to Forget You ft. Rihanna PARODY! Key of Awesome #83

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Shakira finally uncovers the truth about her weird relationship with Rihanna, and her weird singing voice. Watch the original song: http://youtu.be/o3mP3mJDL2k Subscribe to BarelyPolitical! http://bit.ly/Nf8avU Check out Behind the Scenes! http://bit.ly/1iAUgc2 The Key of Awesome playlist!

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Music videos with reference make reference to something within the video; this could be another song, a film, a music video, a painting etc. This Michael Buble music video references the style of the James Bond film franchise, a suave agent/spy. Sometimes a song may not reference anything but the music video for the song does, it could reference other older music videos which because "classics".

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Michael Bublé - Feeling Good [Official 4K Remastered Music Video]

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Homage is similar to referencing but is more overt. It is also more of a celebration of another work than referencing would be, referencing could mock but homage does not. The following music video is a homage to many old films, it switches between many different styles which are almost copies of the films they reference. Some of the homages in this video include; Star Wars opening, Star Treck, Tron, Sin City and an old western film (plus others).

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Music video by Dan Black performing Symphonies. (C) 2009 Polydor Ltd. (UK)

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Before watching the music video below watch this one: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RLccCsTGNP4

Many music videos can be influenced by commercials, not all are as overt as the Foo Fighters "Big Me" music video. They just replace the Mentos sweet with a made up one and then copy the original Mentos adverts, in a humorous, slightly mocking way. Not all music videos can be as overt as this however, many do include product placement, which brings in aspects of commercial video. Early music videos would have had a lot of advert influence due to that being a large portion of video that was being made.

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Foo Fighters - Big Me (Official HD Video)

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Task 2: Conventions of Music Videos - Unit 29 –
(P1, M2)

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Task 2: Conventions of Music Videos - Unit 29 –
(P1, M2)

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Lyric
interpretation of the song - Eminem "Love The Way You Lie"

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Lyric
interpretation of the song - Eminem "Love The Way You Lie"

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Lyric interpretation music videos show what the songs lyrics symbolise to the artists, or one thing it could symbolise. It is often an almost literal interpretation of the lyrics using mise-en-scene, e.g. in the Eminem - "Love The Way You Lie" music video it shows the actor catching fire when the singer says "Just gonna stand there and watch me burn". The video shows a relationship where two people have a lot of chemistry but also a lot of anger between them; they are in a relationship where they are both very attracted to each other but have a lot of issues. This is also what the lyrics talk about, the tone of the song and what the singers say tell the story. The music video does not add anything to the meaning of the song that the listener wouldn't already detect. All the video does it tie the story to a certain couple, it doesnt tell us somthing that we couldnt see in the lyrics.

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Eminem - Love The Way You Lie ft. Rihanna

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Extending
or consolidating song’s meaning - Rihanna "Diamonds"

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Extending
or consolidating song’s meaning - Rihanna "Diamonds"

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When you listen to this song the immediate interpretation is of someone who has found someone who to them is beautiful and perfect, "a vision of ecstasy". The video adds slightly darker connotations to the song, it gives us the impression that this person cannot stay with her and must "shine bright like a diamond" but not with her. They must both be shine, but to do this they must go their separate ways. We are given this from the brief shots we see, two people trying to hold each others arms but being pulled away, the northern lights (which only last for a small time), the ending shot which leaves Rihanna floating in what looks like the sea. I get the feeling that the relationship is brief when the lyrics are put next to the video, a vision usually only lasts for a small time and is not real, as well as this there are various shots of Rihanna smoking something - as if she say this person when she was high; this could also be interpreted as her trying to cope with the person leaving. The video extends the meaning of the song and consolidates ideas we had before, vision could have just meant that it was beautiful but added with the visual cues we get the impression of brevity.

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The song alludes to a verse from the bible and includes several biblical themes. The song opens with "As I walk through the valley of the shadow of death", this is a quote from Psalms Chapter 23. The song also talks about "I'm the kinda G the little homies wanna be like On my knees in the night saying prayers in the streetlight", it features strong religious/christian themes, Paradise is something that is mentioned many times in the Bible. It is usually thought of as a kind of old testament heaven, Coolio could have been trying to represent a Gangster who knew that he wasnt living the way he should do and was looking to religion for a change.

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Links
to other artist - Maroon 5 "Moves Like Jagger"

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Links
to other artist - Maroon 5 "Moves Like Jagger"

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In this music video (as well as in the lyrics) Maroon 5 is constantly referencing Mick Jagger. The music video is a celebration of Mick Jagger and his style, the dancing is all in his style and the set and special effects try and make the video look "old fashioned". One of the main lyrics is "I've got them moves like Jagger", clearly a homage to Jagger's performance style. As well as this it features a few actual original clips of Mick Jagger singing and in an interview.

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Maroon 5 - Moves Like Jagger ft. Christina Aguilera (Official Music Video)

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Task 3: Techniques - Unit 29 – (P2, M2 & D2) 

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Task 3: Techniques - Unit 29 – (P2, M2 & D2) 

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Hip Hop

Camera Shots – Hip Hop videos tend to feature a lot of mid shots (whole body), also having a few close ups and wide shots which are used for establishing. The shots usually flick between the artist and other actors, usually with a definite emphasis on the artist.

Mise-en-scene – When the actor is on screen he is usually in the center, when others are on with him they are usually behind him and often in a line. The videos tend to be on location, often showing poorer areas – e.g. the artists roots. A lot of the black artists feature a lot of women and money in there videos, as well as drugs and guns.

Editing – The editing is usually to the beat but not too fast, most of the videos allow several beats before cutting. They often open and close on a fade.

Lighting – Hip Hope videos vary a lot, videos like the one for Macklemore “Can’t Hold Us” are naturally lit and are outdoor. However other music videos create style using artificial lights, tending to emphasis and a dark but flashy look.

Sound –The sound would usually just be the music, however sometimes they have a small amount of atmospherics (like the noise of wind).

Props – Hip hop music videos do often have props, often with some of more “gangster” artists this is drugs, guns and money.

Costume – Costume tends to be the artists “normal clothes”, or the clothes of the persona they are trying to illustrate. In Macklemore “Thrift Shop” music video he dresses like a pimp, which is the style they chose to make. However they do not tend to have strange artistic costumes like Lady Gaga.

Colour –Colours in hip hop music videos tend to be bright and almost always have a fairly warm colour tone, many also go for a natural looking colour scheme. Most studio filmed music videos go for a high contrast bright look.

Indie/Rock

Camera Shots – Indie/Rock videos tend not to focus so much on the artist or the band, they vary shot types a lot, with close ups, medium shots, full body shots, wide shots and super wide shots. The shots are used often to tell a story.

Mise-en-scene – The videos tend to show the whole band, together and individually. They tend not to feature women so much, like Hip Hop, but focus more on things that can tell the story. Often the artists will not be on screen at all, instead they will have actors who act out the story.

Editing – The editing is usually varied and dependent on that particular song. The cuts aren’t usually as fast as in genres like pop and hip hop, however in some videos they use a few fast cuts as an effect.

Lighting – Indie/rock tends to have a much darker lighting style than hip hop, it is not natural. You can tell that there is definitely a darker colour grade, which tends to go with the slightly “fuller” nature of rock. It is not a depressive darkness, many of the songs are uplifting.

Sound –The sound varies, in some music videos they have some crowd noise from a concert even though it is not a live recording. In others they only have the song, and in others they have Foley and atmospherics.

Props – Indie/rock does not have a “typical” list of props, they simply feature what the director thinks will add to the story.

Costume – In indie/rock videos the clothing tends to be “normal”, not strange or artistic. However like in the Kodaline “All I want” music video make up is used on the man’s face to tell the story. The videos tend to feature what will add to the story.

Colour –Colours in indie/rock tend to be fairly dark and the tone is usually on the cold side.

Pop

Camera Shots – Pop videos tend to vary quite a lot, they tend to focus on the emotions of the artist. This means they use a lot of close ups and mid-shots, however they do use some wides.

Mise-en-scene – The artists are usually seen lip syncing to their songs, many times while acting out the story or dancing to the song.

Editing – Editing in pop tends to be quite fast, cutting quickly to the beat and keeping the audiences attention.

Lighting – Pop videos tend to be fairly bright and glossy, they often look quite commercial.

Sound –The sound tends to only be the song, thought occasionally it will have some quiet background noises (like traffic).

Props – Pop does not have a normal list of props, often they have things which are mentioned in the song. For example, featuring a pay phone in Maroon 5’s “Payphone”.

Costume – Pop artists tend to dress  up for their videos, no outrageously but not always in their own style.

Colour –Colours tend to be bright, glossy and give an overall commercial effect.

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Videos which cut to beats do not literally have to cut on every "drum" beat of a song. That would make a boring and repetitive video, instead they vary on which beats they cut to. In this Shakira "Waka Waka" there is an obvious beat, however the shots actually cut between the beats. This still counts as cutting to the beat because you are cutting in relation to the beat.

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Special Effects can be used to great effect in music videos, they are best used to tell the story. The video for Bastille's "Pompeii" uses effects to change the actors eyes to just black. This is obviously an element of they story they are showing, the people shown with black eyes are something bad as he runs away from them.

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Bastille - Pompeii (Official Music Video)

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In music videos the artists tend to lip sync, that is the music we here is not actually recorded as they perform in the video. However it can be used like in the Elton John "I Want Love" music video when they actor in the video is not the original artist. Robert Downey Junior mimes the song throughout this music video, Elton John may have thought that R.D.J. was a better actor and could show more emotion

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Multi Image is an interesting tool often used to enhance the story of a music video, at other times it is simply used to add interest.

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Kid Cudi - Make Her Say (Clean Version) ft. Kanye West, Common

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Music video by Kid Cudi performing Make Her Say. (C) 2009 Universal Motown Records, a division of UMG Recordings, Inc.

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The opening show to Eminem's "Not Afraid" video is a jib shot, the camera is mounted on a device called a jib and gradually goes towards Eminem. In the video we also see tracking shots when he walks through the town, all these different camera movements add interest to the video.

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Miley Cyrus's music video for "wrecking ball" is a close up of her singing and looking at the camera, this angle is used to show emotion in the subject. At 00:42 we get an establishing shot, we are shown that she is in some sort of concrete structure.

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Miley Cyrus - Wrecking Ball (Official Video)

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The video for Katy Perry's "Dark Horse" includes locations that would have been difficult and costly to actually film in, for example a tall pyramid. On top of this they created the backgrounds to look slightly fake, in keeping with the wacky surreal feel of the rest.