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Health to me means being in a good physical and mental wellbeing that allows me to thrive in my day to day life. For me to thrive personally I need to be sharp and awake, this includes having adequate sleep, nutrition and exercise.

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(Renarrds Gourmet, n.d.)

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When reading the competency standard, standard 12.1 was the most relevant. Maintaining an awareness surrounding my cultural values, beliefs, and biases is crucial in my interactions in the healthcare setting. Being a caucasian male brought up in a very much Western family, I can see the privilege I have. When coming across patients of different ethnicities and circumstances, I now understand how different situations and upbringings may impact a therapeutic relationship between me and a patient. Having learned the importance of establishing a therapeutic relationship with patients, I now will speak clearly in plain English and at a reasonable speed to help communicate my point to a patient who may speak a different language. By implementing this simple skill, it will allow me to be more comfortable in situations in which a patient may be of diverse backgrounds in which communication may be a barrier. This is important as in the healthcare setting, it is of significant importance to communicate effectively and clearly with patients to ensure no misunderstanding of their health happens, and the patient can consent to procedures that might need to happen.

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The Impact Social Determinants Have On Refugees/Migrants in Australia 

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The Impact Social Determinants Have On Refugees/Migrants in Australia 

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Social determinants of non medical factors in which affect our health (WHO, n.d.). They include but not limited to income, housing and basic ammenities and education. Access to quality education is important factor that influences the health of Refugees. Education helps in allowing for social interaction and allowing for employment opportunities. Factors like language barriers heavily influences Refugees and Migrants in being able to flourish and being able to access quality education. Also, foreign qualifications may in fact not be recognised and influence someone not being able to access education. Income is also a very significant social determinant that affects refugees. Many flee their countries with limited resources in search for a better future. Limited money also affects someone in being able to access finding jobs as a lack of income also affects a persons ability in accessing education. This lack of income leads to increased stress, affecting a ones own nutrition and health. Limited money may in fact influence someone in not accessing healthcare services and finding housing. Finally, housing and basic ammenities is another social determinant that greatly influences Refugees health. Poor housing conditions can have severe health implications. Many refugees face many challenges in accessing stable housing as the cost has risen, and with many coming with little to no resources, struggling in accessing education and employment opportunities being very limited many become vulnerable to diseases and hazards that come along with unsafe housing conditions. Basic ammenities are directly impacted by housing conditions, as access to clean water and sanitation is crucial in maintaining health. Poor housing conditions influence the quality of basic ammenities, some may not have access to these basic necessities and will put them at risk of worsening health issues.

WHO. (2023) Social Determinants of Health. https://www.who.int/health-topics/social-determinants-of-health#tab=tab_1

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Many Refugees entering Australia are from Iraq (Australian Red Cross, n.d.). Iraq is a country in the Middle East that has been riddled with oppression, internal conflict and war. In fear of persecution, war and the rise of extremist groups, multiple are fleeing in search of a better life. In 2016-2017, Australia granted 7,478 visas to Iraqis fleeing violence (Australian Embassay Iraq, n.d.). Upon immigrating to Australia, many Iraqis may present health issues like Mental Health, Tuberculosis and Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). Tuberculosis is a disease caused by germs spread in the air from person to person. Many refugees are in makeshift camps and homes before entering so tuberculosis can spread. Screening and testing for tuberculosis once entering is crucial for identifying tuberculosis early so medication can be administered. HIV is a virus that attacks the body's immune system. Currently, there is no cure for HIV; however, it is crucial to screen and test to ensure no diagnosis delay, as health deterioration can be prevented with medication. Finally, many Iraqi Refugees may suffer mental health issues like PTSD due to potential horrors and experiences they have gone through.  Post-arrival mental health screening should be followed; mental health professionals and counselling could be provided, and underlying mental health issues be documented.

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Ben McDonnell's Football Shirt of a Scottish Club called Rangers FC

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Haggis is the national dish of Scotland, a sheep's stomach stuffed with the sheep's heart, liver and lung seasoned with black pepper, coriander and onion, with Oatmeal added. Haggis tastes a bit like a crumbly sausage if I had to describe it and tends to put people off with the sheets stomach. Haggis is typically consumed during Burns Night in the memory of the poet Robert Burns. The meal is high in vitamins and minerals, it is typically a healthy dish.

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Scotland's football (soccer) support is unmatched and is a big part of its culture. Scottish football tops the European attendance per capita with 21.3 per 1,000 people with a weekly average support of 117,000 people (Conroy, 2023). This figure is staggering, considering Scotland's small population of roughly 5.5 million. For many, football is a place of community and belonging. Scottish football helps build a community to unite to support each other and the team to success. I have personally life long relationships which have helped me during times of stress and anxiety.

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Despite in recent times English being the most spoken language in Scotland, Scottish Gaelic was the language that was spoken. In a 2011 census, it was revealed that 57,000 people spoke fluent Gaelic, which is 1.1% of the total population (Scotland, n.d.). Many train station stops will have the English name and even a Scottish Gaelic translation underneath. This beautiful language has nearly become extinct and is not taught in curriculums. However, measures have been taken to further revive the language, with BBC albs being spoken only in Scottish Gaelic. These small measures play a substantial part in safeguarding Scottish culture, teaching people their ancestor's language and building a community.

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Scotland has had major sectarianism issue since the early nineteenth century. Since the large migration of Irish Catholics during the times of the Great Famine Scotland has been ripped with sectarian violence The Church of Scotland is a Protestant Presbyterian Church, and with the large influx of Catholics many blamed Catholics in "stealing" protestant jobs. Many have been injured or even killed all because of their religion, speaking from experience I myself had sectarian words shouted my way due to me being a Presbyterian. It is largely not talked about in the media, however, acts as a stain on the beauty of not only the Scottish landscape but also the Scottish people who have became largely accustomed to sectarianism and is seen as a norm almost.

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The kilt is seen as a symbol of Scottish identity. In my family, both my mother's and father's sides have their own clan tartan, worn during special occasions like weddings and graduations. Scottish dancers and bagpipers can be seen wearing kilts, with the association of the kilt with bagpipe music helping to popularise it (Fiddes, n.d.). Wearing a kilt for me is a sense of immense pride. The colours of the tartan worn by my ancestors help me remember my culture and where I come from. It is a piece of Scottish heritage and tradition passed down from generation to generation and is something I hold great pride in.

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Dance and music is monumental in Scottish culture. Must know people know about bag pipes and its connection to Scotland, however, another part is dancing. Scottish Highland Dancing is typically performed at the Highland Games. There are four main different dances performed, one of which being the sword dance is which one dances around a sword. Which comes from a traditional Scottish folklore. I see Scottish Highland dancing as a celebration of Scottish spirit. The meaning of the dance has changed from old war dances to an appreciation of our past and respect for our ancestors.

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The History and Tradition of Highland Dancing

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Perhaps nothing captures the spirit of Scottish culture better than the sight of Highland dancing being performed at some Highland gathering in some far flung corner of the world.