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Fort sumter

April 12-14 1861

General Robert Anderson of the North

General P.G.T Beauregard of the South

P.g.t Beauregard attacked fort sumter after general anderson refused Beauregard surrender.

Anderson did not fire back because his supplies for fighting the war was not suitable.

The fighting continued until april 13 with anderson gave up the fort.

A.

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Bull Run

General Irvin McDowell of the North

General Joseph E. Johnston and P.G.T. Beauregard of the South

July 21, 1861

The battle was fought in Virginia. The goal of the battle was to open a hole in the confederate army and push through to Richmond, the Confederate capital

The battle began with the bombard of artillery shells on the confederate troops.

The battle ended with Lincoln realizing that the battle would last longer than he had expected.

Ended in confederate victory

B.

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Fort Henry

February 4-6 1862. Union victory

General Lloyd Tilghman of the South

General Ulysses Grant of the North

The southern troops of 2,800 were poorly armed with flint lock pistols dating back to 1812

Although the walls of Fort Henry were 20 feet thick and 20 feet high the river kept the ground damp which led to poor conditions.

The confederate troops decided to pull out of a near by fort and start attacking union ironclads disabling 1 of them

C.

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Battle of Fort Donelson

February 11-16 1862

Union- General Andrew Hull Foote, Ulysses S. Grant

Confederate- Gideon J. Pillow, John Buchanan Floyd, Simon B. Buckner.

The purpose of Fort Donelson was to protect western Tennessee from the Union traveling on the Tennessee and Cumberland.

Unfortunately there were not many places to defend the Union from along the river. They quickly captured Fort Heiman and Henry.

The Union forces despite the cold weather, surrounded Fort Donelson and the Confederate army know that they had to fight in order to be free.

The Confederate decided to attack the right side of union forces. It was going well until general gideon pillow felt they have one the battle and retreated back to the fort.

That was a big mistake as grant hurried his troops to the front and surrounded the fort.

The confederate army surrendered and the Union won.

D.

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Shiloh

April 6-7, 1862

General Don Carlos Buell and Ulysses S. Grant of the North

General Albert Sidney Johnston and P.G.T. Beauregard

Originally Johnston wanted to attack the Union forces on April 4th but the weather delayed the attack.

On April 6th the Confederate army completely surprised the Union forces. They showered them with artillery and gunfire.

When Johnston was mortally wounded in the early hours of the next day, Beauregard soon took command of the troops.

He tried to fill in the big shoes that Johnston left for him but, he was not enough and the Union began to fight back.

The battle ended in a Union victory.

E.

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New Orleans

April 24-25 1862

this was a naval battle where Union forces wanted to capture the city of New Orleans.

a squad of 43 union ships under Admiral David G. Farragut breached the steel cables that defended the city and invaded New Orleans

Confederate General Mansfield Lovell realized what was going on and left the city.

The Union won the battle and gained control of the city

F.

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Second battle of Bull Run

August 28-30, 1862

battle also known Second Manassas

General John Pope of the North

General Robert E. Lee of the South

On August 26th, before the war started, Lee sent Jackson to sweep the union supply lines.

It was bait for the Union troops to pursue Jackson while Lee had another army waiting to sandwich the Union army in between the Confederate army.

The Union army mounted an attack on Chinn hill which gave Pope time to organize some troops to set up another attack.

The Union army was not match as Lee quickly passed to Maryland

Confederate victory

G.

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Battle of Antietam

September 16, 1862

George B. McClellan's army and Robert E. Lee's army met at Sharpsburg, Maryland.

Known as the single bloodiest day in American history.

Considered a draw from a military point of view

The Union claimed victory to this battle giving president Lincoln the confidence to give the emancipation proclamation.

H.

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Fredericksburg

December 11-15 1862

General Ambrose. E Burnside of the North

General Robert E. Lee of the south

The battle was one of the largest and deadliest. It involved river crossing and fighting in urban areas

The Union troops set up a flank that initially looked promising but the lack of reinforcements trapped the Union troops

The Union troops under Ambrose attempted to push into the Confederate lines but were pounded by rifle and artillery fire.

The battle ended in a Confederate victory with 13,000 union casualties and 4,500  Confederate casualties.

I.

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Boats and boating--Equipment and supplies

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Battle of Chancellorsville

April 30, 1863

General Joseph Hooker of the Union and Robert E. Lee of the Confederacy

May 2

Stonewall Jackson took 30,000 on a march in front of enemy lines

That left Lee with only 15,000 men

Lee managed to fend of the Union army with little troops but then took the fight to a forest area.

May 3

The Battle of Salem Church, just west of the the battle of Fredericksburg

This caused Lee to make sure that victory was assured there.

While that was going on, Hooker, after being knocked unconscious for a period of time, had time to regroup his army.

May 4

The Confederate army defeated the Union army even though they had time to regroup

However the Confederates lost their prized general, Stonewall Jackson

J.

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Siege of Vicksburg

May 18- July 4, 1863

General Ulysses S. Grant of the North

General John C. Pemberton of the South

Grant took a new campaign to defeat Pemberton and take over Vicksburg.

Grant landed early at Bruinsburg below Vicksburg and quickly moved inland pushing back the Confederate troops.

Grant was weakening the Confederate troops and pushed them back to Vicksburg where they surrendered.

Union Victory

K.

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Battle of Chickamauga

September 18, 1863

General William S. Rosecrans and General Braxton Bragg

Rosecrans object was to continue to defeat the confederate army and drive them out of Chattanooga, Tennessee.

Bragg's plan was to surprise attack the Union army by crossing the Chickamauga creek, but Rosecrans had already seen him and had his Union army ready.

Bragg's army was gaining ground but could not break the Union lines, until more confederate troops showed up.

A break in the line also occurred when Rosecrans though there was a hole in the lines, but there wasn't actually a hole.

However General Wood was not able to deny the order because he already had two strikes against him for revoking orders.

Although the confederate army won the battle they did not complete the task of completely destroying Rosecrans army.

L.

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The Wilderness

May 5-7 1864

Robert E. Lee of the South

Ulysses S. Grant of the North

The battle involved an abundance of navigation skills as soldiers had to maneuver through thick, dark forest.

At night fighting was stopped but it gave each side time to get reinforcements.

The battle was technically a draw but the Union troops retreated while the confederate troops stayed.

M.

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Spotsylvania Courthouse

May 8-21 1864

General Ulysses S. Grant of the North

General Robert E. Lee of the South

After the battle of Wilderness Meade’s and Grant’s forces were stopped at Spotsylvania courthouse for a period of time.

The battle was declared a draw because both sides could not advance any further than where they started. Their casualties were about the same.

N.

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Gettysburg

July 1-3, 1863

General George. G Meade of the North

General Robert E. Lee of the South

With high spirit after winning the battle of chancellorsville, Lee marched his army to Gettysburg. He collected supplies from pennsylvania and wanted to take the fighting away from Virginia.

On his way to Virginia, lee got word that Meade's army was in Gettysburg. From there lee wanted to defeat Meade's army so they turned around to fight them.

On the last day of the battle a charge known as Pickett's charge was ordered as a last effort, but the Union gun fire quickly settled the charge.

President Lincoln gave the Gettysburg address to honor the Union soldiers that gave their life to the victory of the battle.

O.

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Citations

http://www.civilwar.org/battlefields/antietam.htm

http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/411915/Battle-of-New-Orleans

A. http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/05/Sumter.jpg

B.http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/48/First_Battle_of_Bull_Run_Kurz_%26_Allison.jpg

C. http://housedivided.dickinson.edu/sites/blogdivided/files/2010/06/forthenrycrop.jpg

D. http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/10/Battle_of_Fort_Donelson.png

E. http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f6/Battle_of_Shiloh_Thulstrup.jpg

F. http://www.legendsofamerica.com/photos-americanhistory/Battle%20of%20New%20Orleans-500.jpg

G. http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3f/Second_Battle_of_Bull_Run.jpg

H. http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4f/Battle_of_Antietam.png

I. http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e8/Battle_of_Fredericksburg,_Dec_13,_1862.png

J. http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Battle_of_Chancellorsville.png/800px-Battle_of_Chancellorsville.png

K. http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Battle_of_Vicksburg,_Kurz_and_Allison.png/800px-Battle_of_Vicksburg,_Kurz_and_Allison.png

L. http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d9/Chickamauga.jpg

M. http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/00/Battle_of_the_Wilderness.png

N. http://www.nps.gov/frsp/images/Battle-of-Spotsylvania.2311.jpg

O. http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Thure_de_Thulstrup_-_L._Prang_and_Co._-_Battle_of_Gettysburg_-_Restoration_by_Adam_Cuerden.jpg/1280px-Thure_de_Thulstrup_-_L._Prang_and_Co._-_Battle_of_Gettysburg_-_Restoration_by_Adam_Cuerden.jpg