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Mary Rowlandson was a Puritan woman living in Lancaster, Massachusetts during the 1600s. In 1676, during King Philip’s War, her town was attacked by Native Americans. Mary and her three children were taken captive, and she spent around eleven weeks being moved from place to place in harsh conditions before she was ransomed and returned home.

After she was released, Mary wrote a book about her experience called The Sovereignty and Goodness of God. It became one of the first and most well-known captivity narratives in colonial America. In her writing, she talks a lot about her physical suffering and fear, but also focuses heavily on her Christian faith and how she believed God helped her survive.

Her story matters because it gives us a detailed look at life during King Philip’s War not just the fighting, but how people thought about faith, fear, and survival. It also shows how colonists viewed Native Americans and interpreted traumatic experiences through a religious lens. Even though it’s very biased, it’s still a really important part of American history and literature.

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Mary Rowlandson was taken from Lancaster, a small Puritan town in central Massachusetts. At the time, this area was on the edge of colonial settlement surrounded by forests, rivers, and Native territories.

During her captivity, she was moved through various places in New England, probably parts of today’s Massachusetts, New Hampshire, and possibly Vermont. She traveled on foot through unfamiliar land, which added to her fear and isolation.

Geography plays a big role in understanding her story. Being far from major towns meant settlers like Mary were more vulnerable. It also helps us see how King Philip’s War was a fight over land and survival Native tribes were resisting colonists taking their territories. Knowing where things happened makes it clearer why this story unfolded the way it did.

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There aren't any real pictures of Mary Rowlandson, but artists have imagined what she could’ve looked like based on how Puritan women dressed. She’s usually shown in plain, dark clothing with a serious expression, which fits the time period and her personality as shown in her writing.
Source: https://au.pinterest.com/pin/mary-rowlandson-biography--648377677588151536/

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This is a portrait of Metacom, known to the English as King Philip. He was the Wampanoag leader who led Native tribes in a major war against the colonists. Mary never met him, but the war he led changed her life forever.
Source: britannica.com

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Here’s an illustration showing what the raid on Lancaster might have looked like. It’s dramatic, but it helps show how fast and violent the attack was. Mary’s house was burned, and she and her children were taken that day.

Source: https://larkturnthehearts.blogspot.com/2011/04/indian-raid-in-1675-lancaster.html

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This is the title page from the original 1682 version of The Sovereignty and Goodness of God. Mary’s story was published just a few years after she returned home, and it became one of the most popular books in colonial America.

Source: https://www.google.com/books/edition/Narrative_of_the_Captivity_and_Restorati/53OADwAAQBAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&printsec=frontcover