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Inventions and Technology: Spinning Jenny - 1764 

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Inventions and Technology: Spinning Jenny - 1764 

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It was created by James Hargreaves, it was a machine that could spin several threads at once. This helped save time because before workers had used other spinning wheels that could only spin one thread at a time.

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Inventions and Technology: Spinning Jenny - 1764

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Inventions and Technology: The Power Loom - 1780

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Inventions and Technology: The Power Loom - 1780

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It was created by Edmund Cartwright, after the Spinning Jenny was made they needed an even faster way to make threads so Edmund decided to make the Power Loom. The Power Loom was powered by water and it allowed a worker to produce more cloth in a day than was possible before.

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Inventions and Technology: The Power Loom - 1780

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It was created by Eli Whitney, he wanted to speed up the making of guns so he made machines manufacture each part. Interchangeable Parts saved money and time. Inventors designed machines to produce interchangeable parts for clocks, locks, and many other goods. With such machines, small workshops grew into factories.

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Workers who worked in the mills worked 12 hours a day, 6 days a week. In the winter farmers worked shorter hours but mill workers worked about the same hours all year around. Farmers also took part in the cotton industry. Working conditions declined, and they had Sundays off. On days they were off they would go shopping. To work in their mills, the company hired young women from nearby farms. The Lowell girls and other young women made an important economic contribution to American society by providing labor for the Industrial Revolution.

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Young boys, young girls, and small children were useful in textile mills because they could fit around the large machines to change the spindles. The children's wages were needed to help support the family. They also paid women and children half what they would pay men. Immigrants also supplied much of the labor that helped the nation's economy grow.

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Inventions and Technology: Telegraph - 1844

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Inventions and Technology: Telegraph - 1844

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It was created by Samuel F. B. Morse. The telegraph was a device that sent electrical signals along a wire. It was a new technology that was made possible by scientific discoveries about electricity. Morse also devised a code of dots, dashes, and spaces so messages could be sent. The dots stood for short tones, the dashes for long tones. The telegraph helped many businesses thrive. Merchants and farmers could have quick access to information about supply, demand, and prices of goods in different areas of the country.

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Farm Machines: The Mechanical Reaper - 1847                 

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Farm Machines: The Mechanical Reaper - 1847                 

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It was created by Cyrus Mccormick, it was a machine that originally used a horse to cut and gather wheat and other grains. The reaper can do the work of five men using hand tools.

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The Mechanical Drill could plant grain which helped farmers raise more grain with fewer hands. This was important in the Industrial Revolution because it allowed farmers to get more grain quicker.

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Urbanization was the movement of the population from rural areas to cities. This resulted in human modification, people throwing garbage on streets, and untreated sewage led to garbage often seeping through wells or streams and rivers polluting the water. Contaminated water spreaded diseases killing thousands of people. This also led to many people leaving farms and moving to cities.

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Urbanization                                                 1850

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Inventions and Technology: Railroads - 1850

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Inventions and Technology: Railroads - 1850

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After an English family developed a steam-powered locomotive engine to pull rail cars, people soon noticed the difficulties, for example people who had invested in canals worried that competition from the railroads might cause them to lose investments. Gradually, railroad builders overcame all the problems and removed obstacles. They also learned how to build sturdier bridges and solid rail beds. Railroads played an important role in urban growth. Cities with good rail connections attracted factories and other businesses. Railroads also made it possible for people to migrate more easily to new cities, increasing urban populations.

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Inventions and Technology: Railroads - 1850