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The Water Cycle | The Dr. Binocs Show | Learn Videos For Kids

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When is water safe to drink? - Mia Nacamulli

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The tale of the tap: where we get our water

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Clean Water: A Long Journey from the Source to Our Tap

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Así se abastece de agua potable la capital de Colombia

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Bogotá “sumergida” en la crisis del agua – DW – 29/04/2024

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Duchas de 3 minutos y la prohibición de lavar automóviles, edificios y ventanas durante 24 horas son algunas restricciones del consumo agua que deben acatar hoy los habitantes de la zona 1 de la capital colombiana.

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Te damos la bienvenida al portal web de la Empresa de Acueducto y Alcantarillado de Bogotá, EAAB -ESP.

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La Alcaldía de Bogotá estableció restricciones al servicio de agua por turnos, que comenzará a regir desde este jueves 11 de abril, para lograr superar la crisis de abastecimiento en las fuentes hídricas. ¡Conoce dando clic aquí, las zonas con restricción de agua y planifica tu consumo!

El sistema de abastecimiento de agua potable de Bogotá, de los municipios aledaños y de la sabana, está dividido en tres sistemas que lo integran en total ocho embalses. Este sistema alimenta la red de la Empresa de Acueducto y Alcantarillado de Bogotá (EAAB - ESP) y las redes de los demás municipios, lo que permite atender la demanda de más de 10 millones de personas.

La red de agua potable está compuesta por los embalses Tominé y Neusa, que hacen parte del Sistema Norte; Chuza y San Rafael, que integran el Sistema Chingaza; y Tunjos, Chisacá, así como La Regadera, que conforman el Sistema Sur.

Del 100 % de abastecimiento de la ciudad y municipios aledaños, el Sistema Norte proporciona el 25 %, el Sistema Chingaza aporta el 70 % y el Sistema Sur, el 5 %.

Desde junio de 2023, el país y la región, han atravesado largas semanas sin lluvias debido al impacto del fenómeno de El Niño. Este panorama ha generado escasez de precipitaciones o lluvias en las zonas de influencia que abastecen de agua a la capital y los municipios aledaños.

El estado más crítico de niveles de agua lo atraviesan los embalses de Chuza y San Rafael, que hacen parte de la Sistema Chingaza que aportan el 70 % del agua potable, como lo evidencian estas fotografías de monitoreo tomadas por el Acueducto de Bogotá.
Fotografía del Embalse San Rafael: izquierda antes y derecha ahora: Fotografía del Embalse Chuza: izquierda antes y derecha ahora:
Según reporte del Acueducto de Bogotá, el volumen de almacenamiento de agua con corte al 7 de abril, apenas llega a un 54,23 % en el Sistema Norte; 44,34 % en el Sistema Sur y en un 16,97 % el Sistema Chingaza para un total de volumen del sistema de 45,17%.

El llamado es a cuidar cada gota de agua, para superar esta crisis en en abastecimiento de agua en Bogotá y los municipios aledaños. Tú también puedes ayudar a mitigar los efectos del fenómeno de El Niño. Ten presente las siguientes recomendaciones:

Reutiliza el agua lluvia.

Reduce los tiempos en la ducha.

Usa un vaso son agua para cepillarte los dientes.

Utiliza la lavadora con carga de ropa completa.

Usa el agua de la lavadora para los inodoros.

No uses manguera para lavar el carro. Utiliza un balde con trapo.

No realices lavado de fachadas en esta temporada.

Reduce los períodos y tiempos de riego de jardínes.

Ayuda al ahorro y ajusta tus hábitos. #JuntosPorElAgua.

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¿Por qué se acaba el agua en Bogotá? Te explicamos las razones

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El estado más crí­tico de niveles de agua lo atraviesan los embalses de Chuza y San Rafael, que aportan el 70 % del agua potable.

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Así están los niveles de los embalses que abastecen de agua a Bogotá

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El sistema de abastecimiento de agua de Bogotá y municipios aledaños esta dividido en tres sistemas integrados por ocho embalses.

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water purification, process by which undesired chemical compounds, organic and inorganic materials, and biological contaminants are removed from water. That process also includes distillation (the conversion of a liquid into vapour to condense it back to liquid form) and deionization ( ion removal through the extraction of dissolved salts). One major purpose of water purification is to provide clean drinking water. Water purification also meets the needs of medical, pharmacological, chemical, and industrial applications for clean and potable water. The purification procedure reduces the concentration of contaminants such as suspended particles, parasites, bacteria, algae, viruses, and fungi. Water purification takes place on scales from the large (e.g., for an entire city) to the small (e.g., for individual households).

Most communities rely on natural bodies of water as intake sources for water purification and for day-to-day use. In general, these resources can be classified as groundwater or surface water and commonly include underground aquifers, creeks, streams, rivers, and lakes. With recent technological advancements, oceans and saltwater seas have also been used as alternative water sources for drinking and domestic use.

Determining water quality

Historical evidence suggests that water treatment was recognized and practiced by ancient civilizations. Basic treatments for water purification have been documented in Greek and Sanskrit writings, and Egyptians used alum for precipitation as early as 1500 bce.

In modern times, the quality to which water must be purified is typically set by government agencies. Whether set locally, nationally, or internationally, government standards typically set maximum concentrations of harmful contaminants that can be allowed in safe water. Since it is nearly impossible to examine water simply on the basis of appearance, multiple processes, such as physical, chemical, or biological analyses, have been developed to test contamination levels. Levels of organic and inorganic chemicals, such as chloride, copper, manganese, sulfates, and zinc, microbial pathogens, radioactive materials, and dissolved and suspended solids, as well as pH, odour, colour, and taste, are some of the common parameters analyzed to assess water quality and contamination levels.

Regular household methods such as boiling water or using an activated-carbon filter can remove some water contaminants. Although those methods are popular because they can be used widely and inexpensively, they often do not remove more dangerous contaminants. For example, natural spring water from artesian wells was historically considered clean for all practical purposes, but it came under scrutiny during the first decade of the 21st century because of worries over pesticides, fertilizers, and other chemicals from the surface entering wells. As a result, artesian wells were subjected to treatment and batteries of tests, including tests for the parasite Cryptosporidium.

Not all people have access to safe drinking water. According to a 2017 report by the United Nations (UN) World Health Organization (WHO), 2.1 billion people lack access to a safe and reliable drinking water supply at home. Eighty-eight percent of the four billion annual cases of diarrhea reported worldwide have been attributed to a lack of sanitary drinking water. Each year approximately 525,000 children under age five die from diarrhea, the second leading cause of death, and 1.7 million are sickened by diarrheal diseases caused by unsafe water, coupled with inadequate sanitation and hygiene.

Process

Most water used in industrialized countries is treated at water treatment plants. Although the methods those plants use in pretreatment depend on their size and the severity of the contamination, those practices have been standardized to ensure general compliance with national and international regulations. The majority of water is purified after it has been pumped from its natural source or directed via pipelines into holding tanks. After the water has been transported to a central location, the process of purification begins.

Pretreatment

In pretreatment, biological contaminants, chemicals, and other materials are removed from water. The first step in that process is screening, which removes large debris such as sticks and trash from the water to be treated. Screening is generally used when purifying surface water such as that from lakes and rivers. Surface water presents a greater risk of having been polluted with large amounts of contaminants. Pretreatment may include the addition of chemicals to control the growth of bacteria in pipes and tanks (prechlorination) and a stage that incorporates sand filtration, which helps suspended solids settle to the bottom of a storage tank.

Preconditioning, in which water with high mineral content (hard water) is treated with sodium carbonate (soda ash), is also part of the pretreatment process. During that step, sodium carbonate is added to the water to force out calcium carbonate, which is one of the main components in shells of marine life and is an active ingredient in agricultural lime. Preconditioning ensures that hard water, which leaves mineral deposits behind that can clog pipes, is altered to achieve the same consistency as soft water.

Prechlorination, which is often the final step of pretreatment and a standard practice in many parts of the world, has been questioned by scientists. During the prechlorination process, chlorine is applied to raw water that may contain high concentrations of natural organic matter. This organic matter reacts with chlorine during the disinfection process and can result in the formation of disinfection by-products (DBPs), such as trihalomethanes, haloacetic acids, chlorite, and bromate. Exposure to DBPs in drinking water can lead to health issues. Worries stem from the practice's possible association with stomach and bladder cancer and the hazards of releasing chlorine into the environment.

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Water purification | Description, Processes, & Importance

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Water purification, process by which undesired chemical compounds, organic and inorganic materials, and biological contaminants are removed from water. Water purification provides clean drinking water and supplies treated water for domestic, industrial, medical, and pharmacological uses.

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Water supply system - Coagulation, Flocculation

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Water supply system - Coagulation, Flocculation: Suspended particles cannot be removed completely by plain settling. Large, heavy particles settle out readily, but smaller and lighter particles settle very slowly or in some cases do not settle at all. Because of this, the sedimentation step is usually preceded by a chemical process known as coagulation. Chemicals (coagulants) are added to the water to bring the nonsettling particles together into larger, heavier masses of solids called floc. Aluminum sulfate (alum) is the most common coagulant used for water purification. Other chemicals, such as ferric sulfate or sodium aluminate, may also be used. Coagulation is usually accomplished in two

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Water treatment is treating water to make it suitable to be used. Providing drinking water is one of the main uses of water treatment.

Many factories also need very clean water to make steam or to make high quality products. Some of this water has to be made very pure with almost no other chemicals dissolved in it.

Treating sewage so that it does not cause harm to the environment is another use of water treatment.

Which type of water is generally used in the treatment of water?

Saline water can be treated to yield fresh water. Two main processes are used, reverse osmosis or distillation. Both methods require more energy than water treatment of local surface waters, and are usually only used in coastal areas or where water such as groundwater has high salinity.
دستگاه تصفیه آب پاکسازان
How is water treated to make it drinkable?

Filtration - The clear water on top passes through filters composed of sand, gravel and charcoal to remove dissolved particles such as dust, parasites, bacteria, viruses and chemicals. Disinfection - Chlorine or chloramine is added to kill parasites, bacteria, viruses and germs.Apr 14, 2016

What is the difference between water treatment and water purification?

Also known as water purification, water treatment is the process of removing potentially harmful impurities from drinking water. Unlike water filtration, water treatment systems can get rid of all unseen materials by chemically treating the water with iodine or chlorine. ...Nov 4, 2019

How is basic water treatedCoagulation / Flocculation. Coagulation is adding liquid aluminum sulfate or alum and/or polymer to raw or untreated water. ...

Sedimentation. When water and flocs undergo the treatment process, they go into sedimentation basins. ...

1. Filtration. ...

2. Disinfection. ...

3. Sludge Drying. ...

4. Fluoridation. ...

5. pH Correction.

Images for kids

Typical drinking water treatment processes

Empty aeration tank for iron precipitation

Tanks with sand filters to remove precipitated iron (not working at the time)

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Water treatment is treating water to make it suitable to be used. Providing drinking water is one of the main uses of water treatment. Many factories also need very clean water to make steam or to make high quality products. Some of this water has to be made very pure with almost no other chemicals dissolved in it.

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Understanding Differences Between Lakes and Reservoirs

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There are many examples of how human activities alter species’ habitats, including the damming of lakes or rivers to create reservoirs. We build dams to create reservoirs that provide water and generate electricity for human needs. Scientists have learned that building new dams and creating reservoirs on lakes and rivers changes the local habitat, making it unsuitable for many species that once lived there. Through processes known as environmental flows, reservoirs can be operated to resemble natural lakes. However, we have not kept good records of where we built reservoirs, so scientists have devised creative ways to map where these and associated dams occur across the globe. When we know where reservoirs and dams occur, we are better prepared to determine how these have altered surface water on the planet and impacted animals, plants, and humans.

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The Earth might seem like it has abundant water, but in fact less than 1 percent is available for human use. The rest is either salt water found in oceans, fresh water frozen in the polar ice caps, or too inaccessible for practical usage. While population and demand on freshwater resources are increasing, supply will always remain constant. And although it's true that the water cycle continuously returns water to Earth, it is not always returned to the same place, or in the same quantity and quality.

On this page:

The Water Around Us

Water plays a big role in supporting our communities. Without water there would be no local business or industry. Fire-fighting, municipal parks, and public swimming pools all need lots of water. An array of pipes, canals, and pumping stations managed by our public water systems are needed to bring a reliable supply of water to our taps each day.

Where does all this water come from? It starts out as rain or snow and flows into our local lakes, rivers, and streams or into underground aquifers. You can learn more about water in your state, including how it is being protected and where your local drinking water comes from.

Water in Daily Life

In the US, we are lucky to have easy access to some of the safest treated water in the world-just by turning on the tap. We wake up in the morning, take a shower, brush our teeth, grab a cup of coffee, and head out for the day. Water is an important part of our daily lives and we use it for a wide variety of purposes, but do we really understand how much we use?

The average American family uses more than 300 gallons of water per day at home. Roughly 70 percent of this use occurs indoors.

Nationally, outdoor water use accounts for 30 percent of household use yet can be much higher in drier parts of the country and in more water-intensive landscapes. For example, the arid West has some of the highest per capita residential water use because of landscape irrigation.

Understanding Your Own Water Use

An easy to way to understand individual water use is to look at your water bill-not just the amount due, but how much water you used. Once you understand how much you use, the WaterSense calculator can help determine how much water your household could save if you switched to more efficient, WaterSense labeled products.

Commercial, Industrial, Agricultural & Electricity Water Use

It's easy to forget that we also use water in ways we don't see every day. Water is used to grow our food, manufacture our favorite goods, and keep our businesses running smoothly. We also use a significant amount of water to meet the nation's energy needs. Learn more about what WaterSense is doing to help reduce commercial and institutional water use.

Communities Face Challenges to Meet Demand

Managing water is a growing concern in the US. Communities across the country are starting to face challenges regarding water supply and a need to update aging water treatment and delivery systems, sometimes referred to as "water infrastructure." Many of the states that have projected population growth increases also have higher per capita water use and can expect increased competition for water resources. Forty states told the Government Accountability Office in a 2014 report that they expected to have water shortages over the next ten years that were not related to drought.

Strains on water supplies and our aging water treatment systems can lead to a variety of consequences for communities, such as:

Higher water prices to ensure continued access to a reliable and safe supply

Increased summer watering restrictions to manage shortages

Seasonal loss of recreational areas like lakes and rivers when the human demand for water conflicts with environmental needs

Expensive water treatment projects to transport and store freshwater when local demand overcomes available capacity

Droughts Create Stress

Droughts happen somewhere in the country every year and climate change has the potential to increase stress on water resources. To create a more sustainable water future, cities and states are coming together to encourage water conservation and efficiency as a way to reduce demand.

Less Water Affects the Environment

When reservoir water levels get lower and ground water tables drop, water supplies, human health, and the environment are put at serious risk. For example, lower water levels can contribute to higher concentrations of natural and human pollutants.

Less water going down the drain means more water available in the lakes, rivers and streams that we use for recreation and wildlife uses to survive. Using water more efficiently helps maintain supplies at safe levels, protecting human health and the environment.

Water suppliers are doing their part to help their customers save water with programs like WaterSense and are also working to improve water efficiency for their own operations.

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The Earth might seem like it has abundant water, but in fact less than 1 percent is available for human use. The rest is either salt water found in oceans, fresh water frozen in the polar ice caps, or too inaccessible for practical usage.

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Learn Water supply system facts for kids