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Dame schools

In New England, young children attended dame schools, which were informal nursery schools run by local women.

Home education

Children were usually educated at home in the Southern Colonies, where families lived far apart.

Local schoolhouses

In the Middle Colonies, children were taught in schoolhouses with other children of the same religion.

Religious instruction

Education centered around religious life, and children were taught to read the Bible.

Learning

Students memorized and recited passages from textbooks like The New England Primer.

Writing

Students used goose quills and ink, which was made from dissolved ink powder or boiled swamp maple bark.

Teacher qualifications

Teachers were often not trained, poorly paid, and relied on students' families for room and board.

Classrooms

All grades were taught in one room at a time, sometimes with up to 70 students.

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Led by Horace Mann.

Introduction of public schooling for all children.

Emphasis on moral education and citizenship.

The common schools movement was the effort to fund schools in every community with public dollars, and is thus heralded as the start of systematic public schooling in the United States. The movement was begun by Horace Mann, who was elected secretary of the newly founded Massachusetts Board of Education in 1837.

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Led by John Dewey.

Focus on learning by doing and critical thinking.

Development of the child-centered approach.

Progressive education is a teaching method that focuses on the student's natural curiosity and motivation to learn. It's based on the idea that students should be active participants in their own education, and that they learn best through hands-on, experiential learning

Progressive education can be a good fit for children who are socially awkward or shy, or who have problems with attention. However, students with more severe ADHD may find it more difficult to settle down in a progressive setting.

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Desegregation and Civil Rights Era (1950s-1970s):

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Desegregation and Civil Rights Era (1950s-1970s):

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Brown v. Board of Education (1954).

Efforts to integrate schools and ensure equal opportunities.

Influence of Civil Rights leaders like Thurgood Marshall.

"Separate but Equal":

Before Brown v. Board of Education, the legal doctrine of "separate but equal" upheld by the Plessy v. Ferguson case allowed for racially segregated facilities, including schools, as long as they were ostensibly equal in quality, though this was rarely the case.

This landmark Supreme Court case declared that racial segregation in public schools was unconstitutional, paving the way for school integration.

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Introduction of standardized testing and accountability measures.

School choice and charter schools.

Emphasis on technology and STEM education.