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Phenomenology focuses on studying an individual’s lived experiences within the world, which is used through interviews and accounts.

Strengths

Varied responses

more depth

can be immersive

Weaknesses

Time/organisation

hard to code

false memories

More individual responses in varied forms allow people to relay individual experiences to understand each perspective on childhood

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How phenomenology can help us learn from the experiences of others

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As a research methodology, phenomenology is uniquely positioned to help health professions education (HPE) scholars learn from the experiences of others. Phenomenology is a form of qualitative research that focuses on the study of an individual’s…

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Definition of Immersive Observations

Immersive observation is a qualitative research technique where educational practitioners gain a comprehensive understanding of their students' experiences. The observer can become an active participant, usually in support of the natural flow of the classroom.

Key Points of Immersive Observations

Active Participation

Contextual Understanding

Long-Term Engagement

Building Relationships

Holistic Perspective

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Childhood interactions between peers, family and teachers.

Interactions with Play.

How children define themselves and others.

Collect data by observing and listening.

Health, diet, physical activity.

Negotiation between impairments/disabilities and personal abilities

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Parental and child perspectives on adaptation to childhood chronic illness: a qualitative study - PubMed

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This qualitative study aimed to gain an in-depth understanding of the adaptation of children and families to childhood chronic illness. Considering ecological theories and child empowerment, we departed from the usual practice of relying solely on parental report by also soliciting children’s views. …

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An interview process with predetermined and open-ended questions for more in-depth data collections based on an individual's experience, attitude and perspectives.

Meanwhile, unstructured interviews are more open and often times more casual, without rearranged questions like in structured interviews.

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Explore user perspectives deeply with semi-structured interviews, blending structured and open-ended questions effectively.

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Immersive Observations - Positives & Negatives

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Immersive Observations - Positives & Negatives

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Positives:

Increased engagement - Learners are the heart of the activity

Facilitates active learning

Builds problem solving skills - Encourages individual thinking, children think in their own way

Improved memory retention - Multisensory learning actives multiple parts of the brain's memory ability to retain information, enhances recall.

Negatives:

Varied Perceptions - Each perspective will vary and may be perceived differently.

Enabling focus/preventing distractions - Observation in the moment might cause children to question the practitioner, losing focus in activity.

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Immersive Observations - How does it offer a greater perspective of childhood?

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Immersive Observations - How does it offer a greater perspective of childhood?

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Fostering Empathy and Social Awareness

Promoting Experiential Learning

Encouraging Self-Reflection and Personal Growth

Broader Global and Cultural Understanding

Supporting Cognitive and Emotional Development

Building a Sense of Responsibility and Citizenship

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Focus groups use group dynamics to get shared experiences of people with similar characteristics. This is different from an interview study, where the focus is on individuals.

Focus groups can be used to get feedback before, during, or after your product is developed (formative or summative evaluations).

Use focus groups when:

● you want to get a breadth of understanding of the thoughts and experiences of users

● you have open-ended questions about your product