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Chemical hazards must be stored securely and disposed of correctly. Leakage and contamination of the environment not only puts the lives of people at risk but also the animals and plants. An even bigger issue is how to restore already contaminated environments. Micro-organisms could play a big role in helping clean up by using chemical pollutants for their carbon that they need to grow. As well as helping pants which can promote a larger diversity of life and increase the biomass.
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-Aidan Lang

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Chemical hazards can get treated through chemical, physical, biological and thermal methods like incineration which can detoxify the waste and also destroy but creates air pollution.
Chemical hazards that are not destroyed by incineration or chemical processes need to be disposed of or stored properly.
Land disposal is the most often used form of disposal but has many environmental risks. Hazardous waste must be stored in secure landfills which must provide 3 meters between the the bottom of the landfill and the underlying bedrock or groundwater. Groundwater is monitored often to detect contamination.
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Elimination/substitution: Removal of the usage of a chemical hazard or substitution with less dangerous chemical
Engineering controls: Physical changes to workplace to reduce exposure or help handling chemical hazards
Personal Protective Equipment(PPE): PPE such as gloves, protective eyewear, gas masks, etc help prevent direct contact with chemical hazards
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Asphyxiants: Asphyxiants deprive the body of oxygen which can cause hypoxia
Examples: Carbon monoxide and cyanide
Corrosives: Corrosives can destroy living tissue and other material through direct contact and can be solids, liquids or gases.
Examples: Sulfuric acid and FLiBe(Fluorine, lithium, beryllium molten salt mixture)
Irritants: Irritants can cause harm to the eyes, skin or respiratory tract and can cause redness, rashes, inflammation, coughing or hemorrhaging. Irritants are mostly severe short term illnesses but can have long term effects.
Examples: Nickel chloride and chromic acid
Sensitizers: Sensitizers are known as allergens and cause allergic reactions that can vary in people. Diseases like asthma and contact dermatitis become more common in people due to over-exposure to chemicals.
Examples: Chlorine and Alkalis
Carcinogens: Carcinogens are cancer causing chemicals and can be severe to human health in small quantities.
Examples: Cadmium and Formaldehyde
Mutagens: Mutagens cause genetic change in DNA and RNA which can lead to an increase risk of getting diseases like cancer.
Examples: Benzene and Hydrogen Peroxide
Teratogens: Teratogens disrupt the health and development of infants.
Examples: Thalidomide and ionizing radiation
Reactive: Chemical substances that cause a hazards such as an explosion when combined with another substance.
Examples: Nitric acid and benzoyl peroxide
Flammable: Chemicals that can easily ignite or burn when exposed to oxygen.
examples: Methanol and Butane
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Inhalation: Breathing in toxic vapours or chemical particles.
Absorption: Direct exposure to chemical substance by not wearing safety equipment like gloves.
Injection: Sharp contaminated object or needle penetrating the skin.
Ingestion: Toxins accidentally swallowed
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1. https://safetyculture.com/topics/chemical-hazards/
2. https://ehs.umich.edu/wp-content/uploads/2015/12/CorrosiveChemicals.docx#:~:text=Corrosive%20chemicals%20can%20cause%20destruction,the%20gastrointestinal%20tract%20as%20well.
3. https://hazwoper-osha.com/blog-post/types-of-chemical-hazards-and-how-to-manage-them
4. https://www.britannica.com/technology/hazardous-waste-management/Remedial-action
5. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772782322000286

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A chemical hazard is a substance that can potentially cause physical and health problems to people and harm the environment.
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