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At this time period ways of life were different in the North and the south. The south had slavery and the North had factories, industries, and free blacks. When sectionalism occurs, countries often break up and go to war.

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As the United States was growing, lawmakers and citizens debated about one thing: Should slavery spread into the new territories? Slavery was banned in all new states above latitude 36'30.

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Tariff means a tax on imports. The south produced 75% of the world's cotton. When the federal government imposed tariffs, this angered southern planters. Threats of civil war began.

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After gold was discovered, California quickly joined the United States and pro-slavery and anti-slavery activists argued over whether it should be a free or a slave state. California joined as a free state. The strict fugitive slave act was passed. This law forced Northerners to return slaves that ran away.

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This was an anti-slavery novel and it was published in 1852. The author was Harriet Beecher Stowe. The book revealed the horrors of slavery and millions of Americans Joined the abolition movement because of this book.

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This was created for the purpose of combating the expansion of slavery. The Southerners feared that if a Republican became a president, they would lose their slaves.

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Slavery was no longer banned above latitude 36'30. Residents in Kansas and Nebraska could hold elections to decide on slavery. Both pro and anti-slavery activists traveled to Kansas to vote. Both sides claimed victory and many people were killed.

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Dred Scott was a black slave and he was sued for his freedom. The case went to the supreme court. The Supreme Court ruled that slaves had no rights in court, Slaves are properties and no more, " Once free always free." This decision outraged abolitionists across the country.

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Abolitionist John Brown and his sons try to lead a slave rebellion and attack the arsenal. He was found guilty and was executed.

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Southern states warned that if a Republican won the election, they would secede from the Union. Republican Abraham Lincoln wins the election. This was " the last straw" for the south.

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11 states secede the Union and form a new country. The southern states called themselves " The confederate states of America".