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In the 20th century, Reza Shah changed the name of the country from Persia to Iran, and modernized and westernized it. During WWII Iran was invaded, and Reza Shah was succeeded by his son Mohammad Reza Pahlavi

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In 1979 the Iranian Revolution (or Islamic revolution) led by Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini takes place overthrowing the monarchy and establishing the Islamic Republic in Iran, while the Shah was forced into exile.

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1980-1988: Iran-Iraq War takes place, resulting in significant loss of life and economic damage for both countries.

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1997 Mohammad Khatami is elected President winning with 70% of votes, signaling a period of relative moderation and reform in Iranian politics.

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2005: Mahmoud Ahmadinejad becomes President, leading to increased tensions between Iran and the international community over Iran's nuclear program and human rights issues.

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In 2013 Rouhani, a moderate is elected as Iran's president, signalling a shift towards a more pragmatic foreign policy and efforts to improve relations with the international community.

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In 2015 Iran signs the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA) with the P5+1 countries, agreeing to limit its nuclear program in exchange for sanctions relief.

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From 2017, many protests and strikes took place because of Iran's poverty and economic mismanagement.

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In 2017 many people were killed in coordinated attacks on parliament and  the shrine of Ayatollah Khomeini

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2018: The United States withdraws from the JCPOA, leading to increased tensions and the reimposition of sanctions on Iran.

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In September of 2022, a young woman, Mahsa Amini, is killed while in custody for violating the hijabi rules