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Học sinh sẽ hiểu được định hướng của Đảng về xây dựng văn hoá và tầm quan trọng của văn hoá trong phát triển xã hội.

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Định hướng của Đảng về xây dựng văn hoá là gì và tại sao nó quan trọng đối với sự phát triển của Việt Nam?

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Giáo viên sẽ trình bày về các nội dung chính trong định hướng của Đảng về xây dựng văn hoá.

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Học sinh sẽ được phân thành các nhóm nhỏ để thảo luận về những yếu tố chính trong định hướng của Đảng và ý nghĩa của chúng đối với xã hội.

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Học sinh sẽ thực hành việc áp dụng các định hướng văn hoá vào các tình huống cụ thể.

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Mỗi học sinh sẽ viết một đoạn văn ngắn về tầm quan trọng của văn hoá trong sự phát triển xã hội Việt Nam.

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Để hiểu rõ hơn, học sinh có thể tham khảo bài viết này về văn hoá và phát triển xã hội.

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Prof. Dr. Nguyen Trong Chuan

Viet Nam Academy of Social Sciences

Communist Review - In human history as well as in Viet Nam's history, culture with great endogenous power plays a driving role in promoting human creativity and development. Therefore, the unlocking and upholding of cultural resources is extremely important for Viet Nam's socio-economic development, especially in the current situation.

Surely, culture is not something that is available from the beginning of the human race, or something that is present in each person from the moment of birth. President Ho Chi Minh once wrote: "For survival as well as for the purpose of life, mankind created and invented language, writing, morality, law, science, religion, literature, art, tools for daily life in terms of food, clothing, shelters and methods of using these tools. All those creations and inventions are culture. Culture is the synthesis of all modes of living together with its expression that mankind has created in order to adapt to the needs of life and the requirements of survival"⁽¹⁾. Based on this, before Viet Nam gained the independence, President Ho Chi Minh had raised five major points to build Vietnamese culture including: "1) Psychological construction: the spirit of independence and self-reliance; 2) Moral construction: self-sacrifice, benefiting the masses; 3) Social construction: all causes are related to the people's welfare in society; 4) Construction of civil and political rights; 5) Economic construction"⁽²⁾.

Right after Viet Nam gained independence, President Ho Chi Minh emphasized, "culture must light the way for the nation". Then, in his Letter to Artists on the occasion of the 1951painting exhibition, he clearly pointed out the close relationship between culture, economy and politics. He wrote: "Culture, arts like all other activities, they cannot be left out, but must be linked with economy and politics"⁽³⁾.

Particularly, absorbing and developing President Ho Chi Minh's views on culture, after more than 10 years of carrying out the comprehensive renovation of the country, at the 5 th Central Conference of the 8 th Tenure, on July 16, 1998, the Communist Party of Viet Nam (CPV) issued a Resolution on " Building and developing an advanced Vietnamese culture imbued with national identity". This resolution considered different cultural fields " as the spiritual foundation of society, both as a goal and as a driving force for socio-economic development"⁽⁴⁾. It can be said that this is one of the most complete and comprehensive resolutions of the CPVup to that time in terms of culture. The resolution affirms that, "taking care of culture is taking care of strengthening the spiritual foundation of society. Without a progressive and healthy spiritual foundation, without paying attention to the relationship between economic development and social progress and justice, there would be no sustainable socio-economic development"⁽⁵⁾.

Continuing the above viewpoint, the 12 th Party Congress of the CPV affirmed that it is necessary to "build a culture that really becomes a solid spiritual foundation of society, an important endogenous force to ensure the sustainable development and firmly defend the Vietnamese Fatherland for the goal of "prosperous people and a strong, democratic, equitable, and civilized country"⁽⁶⁾. The 13 th Party Congress of the CPV continued to highlight: "Developing a comprehensive human being and building an advanced Vietnamese culture imbued with national identity so that Vietnamese culture and people truly become an endogenous strength, a driving force for national development and defense"⁽⁷⁾.

The above affirmations are absolutely correct and necessary, emphasizing the important role of culture in social developmentand in the relationship between economic development and social development in Viet Nam.

Specifically, the above affirmations of the Resolution of the 5 th Plenum of the Party Central Committee (8 th Tenure) and the congresses of the CPVare of extremely practical value when considering culture as a driving force and an endogenous strength promotingViet Nam's economicand social development. These are new arguments, consistent with the awareness and practice of the current globalization and international integration in different aspects. Of course, it should be noted that the role of culture should never be absolute, nor should culture be considered the sole driving force in promoting socio-economic growth and development. However, if this force is underestimated or ignored, it will be a mistake that is difficult to be accepted, especially in the context that all countries in the world are entering the knowledge-based and digital economy, developing ata high speed and with great efficiency as a result of the human intelligence achievements.

More than ever, in the 21 st century, culture should be re-defined withits particularly important role in the national sustainable development, different from that in the 70s and 90s, a time when people believed that sustainable development consisted of three main pillars: economic sustainable development, socio-political sustainable development and environmental sustainable development.

In a number of articles, the important role of cultural sustainable developmentwithin the social sustainable development in the current period as well as in the future has been argued and emphasized. Human history shows that if a nation wants to go further, have long-term effectiveness, and become more and more sustainable,its development must be placed in the development orbit of cultureand lightened by a healthy and progressive culture. This is of particularly significance when Viet Nam has not yet developed a strategy for cultural development in parallel with its economic development strategy, etc. In economic activities, when cultural factors and requirements for cultural development pointed out in the Resolution of the 5 th Plenum of the Party Central Committee (8 th Tenure) of the CPV were not paid attention to, the mobilization of rich and diverse cultural resources, including material and spiritual culture, turning them into the driving force for the development of each locality as well as the development of the whole country plays an increasingly vital role⁽⁸⁾.

An issue that needs to be paid more attention to is intangible cultural resourcesfor Viet Nam's development, also known as spiritual cultural resources. It can be understood that the spiritual life of society is the level of development that people and society have achieved in important aspects, such as the people's education level, the development level of science - technology, literature and art; ethical culture, political culture, leadership culture and social management culture; business culture, culture of communication, culture of social behavior between people and people and between people and nature, and above allthe level of philosophical culture.As C. Marx said, there is a natural connection between human thinking and philosophical vision with culture, and philosophy must " become the living soul of culture..."⁽⁹⁾.

In the contemporary world, these aspects of culture play an increasingly important role, contributing to speeding up social development faster than ever before. Spiritual cultural resources, such as art heritages, folklore quintessence, ethnic music, etc., if well exploited, both to serve tourism and to introduce and promote the national spiritual cultural values to the world, will create a boost for tourism, making a significant contribution to the cultural industry.

First of all, in the era of globalization, when the world is experiencing unpredictable political - social and geo - political changes like today, . In particular, culture must penetrate deeply into the thinking of people who are playing the role of governance, management, and administration in such fields as science, literature and art, especially politics as

In the current era, culture-based politics will be a guarantee, a driving force to promote the building of a stable, democratic, free, equal, humane and sustainable society . In general, political culture, civil service culture, ethical culture and cultural background in general are always the driving force that creates strength and affirms the legitimacy of a leading and ruling political party , a regime of the people, by the people, for the people and ensures the sustainability of that regime. The value of this political-cultural resource is difficult to be measured in a usual way, but can only be assessed through specific results brought to each citizen and to the whole society by the political regime, through the stability and sustainability of the regime itself, and throughpeople's satisfaction and trust.

The history of human society has shown that ethical culture and political culture can contribute to strengthening or promoting the development of a social regime. It can, however,inhibit or even cause harm that leads to the eradication and destruction of a dynasty and a country⁽¹⁰⁾. Therefore, the cultural background of political cadres, civil servants and public employees at all levels of state management in all social fields is an indispensable condition for them to be able to take on important roles.

In order to make legitimate and sustainable profits, in the current era of the globalized market economy, Vietnamese businessmen must have not only moral responsibility, but also social responsibility, that is, making profits in a cultured manner. Therefore, the important content in business culture and entrepreneurial culture is the social responsibility of entrepreneurs and businesses. Doing business responsibly is required in business culture. This responsibility must be instilled in businessmen's minds and reflected in the products they introduce to the market, especially those related to human health, especially young generations' health.These products, at the same time, must be harmless to the environment, both natural and social ones. Here, ; when the balance is broken, incalculable disasters are caused for both humans and the environment. The ethical culture and social responsibility of entrepreneurs is the highest and most concentrated expression of business culture. Therefore, it can be said that with ethicalculture, businesses can be successful;without it,theymaybe subject to failure, bankruptcy or legal violations.

Besides, to develop quickly and sustainably,it is of great necessityfor Viet Nam to behave culturally with nature and the natural environment. It is also significant to create a healthy social environment in which culture must be considered as the driving force for national socio-economic development.

Initially, in this respect, it is required to behave culturally with nature and the natural environment. It iscommonly understood that humans and society can only exist and develop in the natural environment, being closely connected with nature.C. Marx once wrote that, "Humans... liveon the inorganic natural world... The natural world... is man's inorganic body. Humans liveon the natural world. That means the natural world is man's body, the body with which man must stay in the process of constant communication in order to survive... man is a part of the natural world"⁽¹¹⁾. Ph. Engels added that, "we ourselves, with our flesh, our blood and our minds, belong to the natural world, we are in the natural world". Therefore, Ph. Engels sternly warned, humans need to behave in a cultured way towards nature and that, "we have absolutely no control over nature as an invader dominates another nation, as a person who lives outside the realm of nature"⁽¹²⁾. Similar to Ph. Engels, C. Marx also once drew a warning conclusion that, "if farming is carried out spontaneously without conscious guidance... there will be wasteland left"⁽¹³⁾.

In Viet Nam's history, generations of Vietnamese people have behaved toward nature in a harmonious way and have always upheld the philosophy of man and nature's unity. Although Viet Nam has experienced many ups and downs caused by devastating wars, it stillbasicallymaintains a healthy living environment. However, the economic development, especially the nationwide industrial developmentoverthe past time, hasput Viet Nam into a difficult situation withvarious dilemmas over how to deal with the natural environment. Due to unscientific business activities, the pollution of soil, water, and air, etc. in numerous regions is at an alarmingly high rate. This is resulted by the lack of knowledge about environmental and ecological culture. Culture has not yet penetrated into the thinking of policy makers and planners, and has not been given due attention by advisory agencies. Here, law enforcement agencies are also significantly responsible for that. In other words, the lack of systematic thinking, the lack of synchronization in policy making, development planning, and inspection are still Viet Nam's major problems.

Over the past few decades, there have been a multitude of urgent warnings about the undesirable effects of pollution and destruction of the natural environment worldwide. For example, according to International Conservation Organization, in recent years, "in every twenty minute, besidesa species of living beingsbecoming extinct, 485 hectares of forests are burned, destroyed for economic purposes."⁽¹⁴⁾.

In Viet Nam, the deforestation of watersheds and protection forests, the burning of forests to get arable land, and the illegal logging of precious timbers in primeval forests have caused floods, pipe floods, flash floods, landslides, which are destroying the habitat of living species and threatening human beings' lives as well.

Humans have been closely associated with both the natural environment and the social environment since its appearance until now. Human development is also subject to certain constraints and regulations of the environment, although man himself is ableto modify both the natural environment and the social environment. Well protecting the natural environment means protecting the basis of human existence. However, people cannot develop their good qualities without a clean and healthy social environment. Therefore, building a clean and healthy social environment is an indispensable condition for the development and perfection of human beings - the basic production force of society, thereby promoting social development.

A clean and healthy social environment with cultural values ​​must be the one that creates the best conditions for the development of all talents and creativity. In any society, the number of people with real talent is not rare, but in order for them to develop, society "must take care of soil so that the trees can grow up well. Geniuses can only breathe freely in an atmosphere of freedom"⁽¹⁵⁾. What hinders human development is the fact that people are repressed by conservative, harsh, and anti-human laws, and lawlessness, especially the lack of real democracy and freedom. People cannot express their talents, cannot develop their intelligence to the highest level if they have to live in a suffocating social atmosphere, without democracy and freedom. However, if it is a lawless and boundless freedom, regardless of discipline and permission, it will lead to a disordered and unstable society, hindering development. In other words, a free and democratic environment under the control of the law and in accordance with historical and social conditions is the real driving force of development. Creating a harmony between law, discipline and freedom and democracy in society for everyone is to create a suitable social environment to encourage creativity, initiatives and scientific inventions; thereby, promoting production and social development. The power and force of culture are most evident at this point.

In a nutshell, it can be affirmed once again that culture plays an extremely important role in the development process. Once culture stagnates, there is no socio-economic development. Therefore, unlocking cultural resources and promoting cultural values are an urgent requirement in the current context, contributing to promoting the aspiration to develop a prosperous and happy Viet Nam in the spirit of the Resolution of the13 th Congress of the CPV.

(1), (2) Ho Chi Minh: Complete Volume, National Politics and Truth Publisher, Hanoi, 2011, t. 3, p. 458

(3) Ho Chi Minh: Complete volume, Sdd, t. 7, p. 246

This article was published in the Communist Review No. 963 (April 2021)

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Role of cultural resources in Viet Nam's socio - economic development

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Communist Review - In human history as well as in Viet Nam's history, culture with great endogenous power plays a driving role in promoting human creativity and development. Therefore, the unlocking and upholding of cultural resources is extremely important for Viet Nam's socio-economic development, especially in the current situation.

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Giáo viên sẽ quan sát các nhóm làm việc và ghi chú về sự hiểu biết của học sinh.

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Học sinh sẽ hoàn thành một bài kiểm tra ngắn về những nội dung chính của bài học.

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Học sinh cùng thảo luận và chia sẻ những gì họ đã học được trong bài học hôm nay.

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Học sinh hoàn thành phiếu xuất phát để tự đánh giá và phản ánh về bài học.

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Học sinh viết một bài tiểu luận về định hướng của Đảng trong việc xây dựng văn hoá và tầm quan trọng của nó đối với Việt Nam.

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Học sinh tìm hiểu thêm về các chính sách văn hoá của Đảng qua các bài viết và tài liệu trực tuyến.