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文化保存的意義何在？在於將一段歷史、一段重要的過往、一場失敗的經驗，抑或是那年代刻下的傷痕深植人心，使人們銘記，不會忘懷，那些時代洪流潺潺流逝，但有所保存、有人記得便不會輕易消散，而是作為這塊土地走過的證明，永續留存，化作新生的養分。

民間組織希望能夠保存當地的文化而建造博物館，礦工們也提供了器物與史實經歷，使博物館更加完善，然而在博物館的規劃上卻並無達成一致的共識，因此額外去以民間力量推廣礦工歷史，他們親自作為嚮導，建設私人的礦工博物館，傳遞最正確的資訊，而在政府規劃的礦工博物館卻將錯誤資訊及物品陳列展出，棄之不顧，就算經過礦工反應也無所作為，私人的礦工博物館也並未獲得承認，這是否代表過程缺乏充份的溝通與協調，政府不應以利益作為實施文化保存的標準，這樣不僅違背了文化保存的理念及初衷，更危害了民間組織的權益，法律上應有條例去歸範這種情形，或是有第三方組織居中協調，保障雙方的利益，文化保存也能作為當地產業發展觀光，當然，呈現的資訊必須是真實且正確的，這樣不僅落實了文化保存，也能達到雙贏的局面。

The significance of cultural preservation lies in preserving a segment of history, an important past, a lesson from failure, or the deep scars left by a particular era, ensuring that people remember and do not forget. Amid the relentless flow of time, these preserved elements serve as a testament to the journey of the land, persisting indefinitely and providing nourishment for renewal.

A community organization aimed to preserve local culture by constructing a museum, with miners contributing artifacts and firsthand experiences to enhance its completeness. However, a consensus on the museum's planning was not reached. Consequently, additional efforts were made by leveraging grassroots initiatives to promote the history of miners. They acted as guides, establishing private miner museums to convey the most accurate information. Unfortunately, the government-planned miner museum exhibited erroneous information and neglected items, disregarding miners' feedback. Despite the lack of recognition for the private miner museums, does this signify a deficiency in communication and coordination during the process? The government should not base cultural preservation solely on interests, as it contradicts the essence and intent of cultural preservation, jeopardizing the rights of community organizations. Legal regulations or the intervention of a third-party organization should be established to mediate and safeguard the interests of both parties. Cultural preservation can also contribute to local tourism development, but the presented information must be truthful and accurate, thus fulfilling cultural preservation and fostering a win-win situation.

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「永續發展」是一直以來被討論的議題，且它也和我們的生活息息相關，它涉及到經濟發展、社會公正和環境保護領域，而每個面相都十分重要，都與實現長期穩定的發展有關連，而這也需要大家的共同努力，就如同侯硐的最大的兩個特色一一礦工和貓，在聯合國十七項永續發展目標的第八項：促進持久、包容和永續經濟增長，促進充分的生產性就業和人人獲得適當工作，我想侯硐除了這兩個特色外還能夠有更多發展的可能性，正如尼科萊河轉換軌道，利用當地特色發展滑雪場、啤酒廠等，取代過去有毒物資的石棉，侯硐也可以適當尋求其他特色，建立活動、觀光景點特色，創造更多客流及就業率，使年輕人更加願意駐足在這歷史悠久的土地上，而非只有貓、礦工歷史，否則可能將停滯不前（例如：疫情下大量咖啡廳都受到影響停業）

"Sustainable development" has always been a topic of discussion, and it is also closely related to our lives. It involves economic development, social justice and environmental protection. Each aspect is very important and is related to the realization of long-term stable development. This also requires everyone's joint efforts, just like the two biggest features of Houtong - miners and cats. In the eighth of the 17 Sustainable Development Goals of the United Nations: Promote sustained, inclusive and sustainable economic growth, full and productive employment and adequate work for all. I think Houtong has more development possibilities besides these two features. Just like the Nicolai River changed its track and used local features to develop ski resorts and breweries to replace the toxic asbestos in the past, Houtong can also appropriately seek other features, establish activities and tourist attractions, create more passenger flow and employment rate, and make young people more willing to stay in this historic land, rather than just cats and mining history. Otherwise, it may stagnate (for example: a large number of cafes have been affected and closed due to the epidemic)

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1. 探究問題+封面照片

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1. 探究問題+封面照片

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貼上探究概述

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3. 現象介紹(照片+描述)

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3. 現象介紹(照片+描述)

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展覽管裡的模型，記錄以礦場為中心向外擴散的立體模型，擬造當時礦工工作的場所，細節頗多，例如為總統蓋的樓梯與洗煤場還有人工電梯。

The model in the exhibition hall records the three-dimensional model that radiates outward from the mine, simulating the working place of the miners at that time. There are many details, such as the stairs built for the president, the coal washing plant and the manual elevator.

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洗煤機，當時搬運時掉下去，又因太重而難以搬走，於是就擱置在掉下去的地方，現今可在礦工館二樓廁所旁的落地窗下發現。

The coal washer fell down during transportation and was too heavy to move, so it was left where it fell. It can now be found under the French window next to the toilet on the second floor of the mining hall.

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礦工館，有著許多舊時代礦工的制服與器具，雖然有些已生鏽或殘破不堪，但仍具歷史價值，例圖片中的礦車。

The Mining Museum has many uniforms and tools used by miners in old times. Although some are rusty or broken, they still have historical value, such as the mine cart in the picture.

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5. 國際案例比較與參考(國家地點+面對的問題+借鏡處)

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5. 國際案例比較與參考(國家地點+面對的問題+借鏡處)

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探究主題：女礦工的平等權  

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探究主題：女礦工的平等權  

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20203黃謙益 20206吳若薇20211陳彥慈20214楊于萱

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探究主題：如何管理貓村？Topic Inquiry: How to manage a cat village?

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探究主題：如何管理貓村？Topic Inquiry: How to manage a cat village?

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20212 陳思彤 20215 簡歆容 20208張舒雅

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我們的主題是「如何管理貓村?」，猴硐貓村以貓咪而聞名，已經是個獨特且有名的景點，隨著遊客、店家的增多，問題也隨之增加。我們在走訪猴硐的路途中，發現了許多問題待解決，例如：貓公所沒開放、貓咪健康問題等等，訪問的過程中，也透過志工兼店家的口中得知許多難解的問題，例如：遊客多且行為難以控制、志工體制不完善等等，都造成遊客、居民、店家的困擾，也對貓咪不友善，甚至有害。管理貓村需要考慮多方面因素，不是一件易事，保護和照顧貓咪是管理的首要任務，民間與政府的合作很重要，確保有足夠和穩定的資金、政策去管理，為貓咪提供更多設施和福利，但也要兼顧能吸引遊客的基本條件，遊客的管理必不可少，需要確保旅客的安全及滿意度，也要合理控管人流和避免過度開發及商業化破壞貓咪的自然生存環境，希望猴硐能在各方面都有更好的發展，來達到永續環境和觀光。

Our topic is "How to manage Cat Village?" Houtong Cat Village is famous for its cats and has become a unique and well-known attraction. With the increasing number of tourists and shop owners, problems have also increased. During our visit to Houtong, we discovered many issues that need to be addressed, such as the Cat Office not being open and health problems among the cats. Through interviews with volunteers and shop owners, we also learned about many challenging issues, such as the difficulty in controlling the behavior of tourists and the inadequate volunteer system, all of which cause inconvenience to tourists, residents, and shop owners and are also unfriendly, even harmful, to the cats.

Managing Cat Village requires consideration of multiple factors and is not an easy task. Protecting and caring for the cats is the primary task of management. Collaboration between the community and the government is crucial to ensure there is sufficient and stable funding and policies in place to manage the village and provide more facilities and welfare for the cats. However, it is also essential to balance the basic conditions that attract tourists. Tourist management is indispensable, ensuring the safety and satisfaction of visitors while also managing the flow of people reasonably and avoiding excessive development and commercialization that may harm the natural habitat of the cats.

We hope that Houtong can have better development in all aspects to achieve sustainable environment and tourism.

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我們在路上偶遇一隻在吐的貓，後來有志工剛好經過拍照，後續不知道如何處理。We encountered a cat vomiting on the road, and later, a volunteer happened to pass by and took a photo. We're unsure how to proceed next.

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侯硐各個地方都看得到提供給貓的用品及食物，像是這一整排小屋都是善心人士捐贈，給貓咪更好的生活環境。Throughout Houtong, various places provide supplies and food for the cats. For instance, this entire row of small houses is donated by kind-hearted individuals, providing a better living environment for the cats.

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這是鄰里辦公室設給貓的小屋，裡面有食物 水，但資源有限，且貓咪眾多，可能會有吃不到的問題。This is a neighborhood office that provides small houses for cats, equipped with food and water. However, resources are limited, and with a large number of cats, there may be issues of some cats not being able to access food.

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因為貓公所沒有開，沒有在職的工作人員可問，所以我們讓店家兼志工幫我們解答，雖然回答不是我們所想完全的志工方面，但也得到店家立場的回答。Since the Cat Office was closed and there were no staff available to ask, we relied on shop owners who also volunteered to provide answers. Although their responses may not fully represent the perspective of volunteers, we still obtained insights from the standpoint of the shop owners.

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店家昨天剛救回來的貓，有特別注意和標示警告遊客不能觸摸，避免遊客造成不必要的傷害。Shop owners have recently rescued a cat and have taken special care to mark and warn visitors not to touch it to prevent any unnecessary harm caused by tourists.

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國家地點Country Location:

日本奈良"Nara, Japan"

面臨的問題The challenges faced:

1.梅花鹿自由行動與過量且飼養不當

2.餵鹿吃仙貝導致營養不良

3.糧食不足

4.特殊柵欄有虐待嫌疑

5.蜱蟲oz病毒

1. Free movement and improper breeding of deer

2. Feeding deer senbei leading to malnutrition

3. Insufficient food supply

4. Suspected abuse in special enclosures

5. Tick-borne encephalitis virus

借鏡之處Lessons to be learned:

1.奈良鹿愛護協會

希望貓公所設立協會解決貓問題

2.鹿類保護組織展開各種倡議活動

1. Nara Deer Conservation Association

Hoping for the establishment of an association similar to the Nara Deer Protection Association to address cat-related issues.

2. Various advocacy activities initiated by deer conservation organizations.

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11.a　透過加強國家和區域發展規劃，促進城市、郊區與農村地區之間，經濟、社會和環境的正向連結 →貓村的規劃帶動觀光經濟，促進貓村與各地方的連結

11.a Strengthening national and regional development planning to promote positive linkages between urban, suburban, and rural areas in terms of economy, society, and environment → Planning for the cat village to drive tourism economy, promoting connectivity between the cat village and various locations.

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性別平等：女性為團隊帶來了新的知識、技能和關係網，降低了不必要的風險，而且做出貢獻的方式可能更有利於團隊和組織。好奇礦工的生活，在礦裡的情況，或者會不會都沒有女礦工，有女礦工那他們是怎麼撐下去的，有沒有因為是女生，而受到不平等對待，薪資有沒有跟男生一樣，還有好奇這個職業到底是有多危險，會不會有職業災害，能不能治。希望未來有更多人發現這個文化，去關心這個議題，礦工這些可以一直發展下去，保留更多文化，或者可以弄出比較安全的礦坑讓人參觀。

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進出礦坑紀錄牌，確認工人是否上工，類似現代打卡機，不過不同地方就是材質，記錄牌是木製的，也許是木頭為較輕的材料，並且加工也容易。

The entry and exit record cards are used to confirm whether workers have reported to work. They are similar to modern time clocks, but the difference is the material. The record cards are made of wood, perhaps because wood is a lighter material and is easier to process.

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無論礦工與水電工，頭盔都是保護頭部的重要護具，而頭盔也是有種類的，像黃色的頭盔就是一般礦工，頭盔的特別紋路，使頭盔更能保護頭部，而白色頭盔類似於工頭，就是監察的，藍色的是水電工，確保洗煤機的運作正常。

Whether for miners or plumbers, helmets are important protective gear to protect the head. There are also different types of helmets. For example, the yellow helmet is for ordinary miners. The special pattern of the helmet makes the helmet better protect the head. The white helmet is similar to the foreman, who is responsible for supervision. The blue helmet is for plumbers, who ensure the normal operation of the coal washing machine.

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礦工的制服，解說員說這是因礦工災害後找到的衣服

Miner's machinery, which the narrator says is responsible for finding clothes after the miner's disaster

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用來鑽地的鑽頭，而炸藥是普通的土炸藥，導覽員說以前有個機八人，在點燃氣附近抽煙，導致炸藥爆炸，造成礦坑中的人都被掩埋

A drill bit used to drill into the ground, and the explosives are ordinary earth explosives. The tour guide said that there used to be a machine with eight people smoking near the ignition gas, which caused the explosives to explode and everyone in the mine was buried.

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礦區微縮模型

近拍鐵軌運送煤礦的道路

旁邊還有給總統走的樓梯

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貓咪為主題咖啡館，內部裝潢溫暖愜意

Cat-themed cafe with warm and cozy interior

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Detailed goals: (1)Create a strong and stable professional environment so that everyone has a job(2)11.4　進一步努力保護和捍衛世界文化與自然遺產。reason: (1)Continuously create innovative shapes on food...bringing tourism characteristics(2)Establish a museum to preserve the miners’ culture and promote it to more people.

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對應的SDGs指標 1 Corresponding SDGs indicator 1

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對應的SDGs指標 1 Corresponding SDGs indicator 1

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對應的SDGs指標 2 Corresponding SDGs indicator 2

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對應的SDGs指標 2 Corresponding SDGs indicator 2

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Detailed goals: (1)8.2 Achieve higher levels of economic productivity through diversification, technological upgrading and innovation, including focusing on high value-added and labor-intensive industries. (2)To ensure that the health and well-being of all age groups is not affected by the gap between rich and poor. Explain the reason: (1)Hou Dong promotes economic benefits by opening cafes and developing tourism related to mining history. (2)Promotion in different ways has brought tourism benefits to Ho

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12.b　制定及實施政策，監測永續發展對於創造就業機會、促進地方文化與產品的永續觀光的影響→制定政策，貓公所要確實實施政策，創造更多就業機會及文化，產出文青商品及美食，例如：貓咪鳳梨酥，帶動觀光。12.b Developing and implementing policies to monitor the impact of sustainable development on creating employment opportunities and promoting sustainable tourism for local culture and products → Policy formulation for the Cat Office to effectively implement policies, creating more job opportunities and cultural outputs, producing trendy products and cuisine, such as cat-themed pineapple cakes, to drive tourism.

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這座橋以前的功用，是把挖礦的石頭載到對面的山上倒掉

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這是瑞三煤礦猴洞坑，位於猴硐車站旁，交通便利，周邊還有數個坑口，包括瑞三本鑛、一通坑、三通坑、瑞平大斜坑、中興斜坑、猴硐坑、復興鑛等，原本的猴硐坑是塌陷的，經過修整後，重新鋪設鐵軌，並改裝柴油機車頭提供遊客搭乘礦車服務

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15.4　2030年前，確保山區生態系統的保育，包括其生物多樣性，以加強其對永續發展提供至關重要的益處 → 貓公所需加強對貓村的管理及保護，避免遊客偷貓及傷害貓，導致猴硐只留下不好看或受傷生病的貓

15.4 By 2030, ensure the conservation of mountain ecosystems, including their biodiversity, to enhance their crucial benefits for sustainable development → The Cat Office needs to strengthen management and protection of the cat village to prevent tourists from stealing or harming cats, thus avoiding leaving only unattractive or injured/sick cats in Houtong.

15.9　2020年前，將生態系統與生物多樣性價值，納入國家與地方的規劃、發展流程、脫貧策略和帳目規劃中→貓公所確實實施貓咪結紮的政策及有效解決問題，將貓村納入國家與地方共同管理的計畫

15.9 By 2020, integrate the values of ecosystems and biodiversity into national and local planning, development processes, poverty reduction strategies, and accounting procedures → The Cat Office must effectively implement policies for spaying/neutering cats and solve problems, integrating the cat village into national and local jointly managed programs.

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猴硐的在地特色，讓貓咪有個遮風避雨的地方，但不要把食物放進去會發霉！

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這張照片是我們在訪問礦工一些問題，比如家裡支不支持，或者在這個行業最大的挑戰是什麼，她還講了她的經歷及她的故事。

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國家：

日本關西及名頃村

遇到的問題：

1.人口高齡化

2.外移

3.少子化

借鏡之處：

1.發展觀光及就業機會

2.政府用津貼去吸引年輕人

3.降低開發保留原始環境生態

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早期猴硐礦業發達帶動了台灣經濟成長，後期改建成觀光景點也帶動經濟效益，讓侯硐的經濟持續成長

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國際案例比較與參考 Comparison and reference of international cases

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國際案例比較與參考 Comparison and reference of international cases

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nation:Canada\Germany Place:nikolai river\Ruhr Similar problems faced:Asbestos toxicity brings permanent shutdown of mines\Industry decline their solution:Establish new tourist areas using local characteristics\Transformation, promotion of tourism, renovation of old factories What we can learn from:Find local characteristics to develop tourism\Develop tourism in conjunction with local culture, renovate the factory, highlight the cultural characteristics of the old factory, and integrate cultural innovation elements Corresponding SDGs indicators:

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5.a　根據國家法律進行改革，賦予婦女平等的經濟資源權利，以及獲得土地與其他形式的財產、金融服務、繼承與自然資源的所有權與掌控權。

原因：當時礦工違法允許女工下礦，且給予與男性礦工不平等的工資，用修法來改變婦女經濟資不平等的狀況

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探究主題：民間與政府如何在當地文化保存上達成共識，並執行實際行動                                Exploring the topic: How can consensus be reached between the public and the government on local cultural preservation, and how can practical actions be implemented?   

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探究主題：民間與政府如何在當地文化保存上達成共識，並執行實際行動                                Exploring the topic: How can consensus be reached between the public and the government on local cultural preservation, and how can practical actions be implemented?   

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物品介紹  NO.1                            Item Introduction NO.1

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物品介紹  NO.1                            Item Introduction NO.1

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物品介紹：

這是在礦坑工作時會利用這個鎬子來挖一些煤炭、鵝卵石等，其他物質

Item Introduction:

This pickaxe is used for digging coal, gravel, and other materials while working in the mines.

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物品介紹:

這個儀器可以轉換軌道，抬起來時感覺非常的重，不太能輕易的一直變換軌道，因為手會很酸，容易導致受傷

Item Introduction:

This device can switch tracks, and lifting it feels extremely heavy. It's not easy to continuously change tracks because it strains the hands, making it prone to injuries.

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物品介紹:

這可以儲存洗好的煤礦，每次倒下去的時候，都會有很大的灰塵飛揚，導致在這邊工作的工人們很容易得到塵肺病（矽肺症）

Item Introduction:

This can store washed coal, but every time it's emptied, a large amount of dust flies up, causing workers here to be prone to pneumoconiosis (silicosis).

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物品介紹:

圖片裡的人是我們這次的導覽員｛毛爺爺｝，也是位很有經驗的礦工，他在介紹有關爆破岩石需要用到的鑽孔機或打洞機，還有炸彈袋、水袋跟接線器

Item Introduction:

The person in the picture is our guide, "Grandpa Mao," who is also an experienced miner. He is introducing the drilling machine or perforator used for rock blasting, as well as explosive bags, water bags, and detonators.

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文字介紹:

「炭空」其實不叫｛空｝，應該要改成｛坑｝因為在古早的文獻記錄裡並沒有用到｛空｝，用這個字，只是因為現在要因應台語文字的關係

Text Introduction:

"Charcoal Pit" is actually not "空" (kōng, meaning empty), but it should be changed to "坑" (kēng, meaning pit) because in ancient literature, the character "空" was not used. Its usage in this context is only due to the adaptation to Taiwanese characters.

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場景介紹:

這條走廊是連接河對面的礦坑，上面有軌道，可以把採集到的碳送到洗煤場這邊來

Scene Introduction:

This corridor connects the mine on the other side of the river. It has tracks on top, allowing the collected coal to be transported to the coal washing plant on this side.

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國際案例比較與思考(1)    International Case Comparison and Reflection (1)

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國際案例比較與思考(1)    International Case Comparison and Reflection (1)

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國家地點：

Country Location:

英國杜倫

Durham, United Kingdom

面對的問題：

Challenges Faced:

礦工拼命的工作，但權益卻被忽略掉

Miners working tirelessly, yet their rights are being overlooked.

借鏡處：

Lessons Learned:

設立一個節日或義賣會，來紀念礦工的這段歷史和輝煌的過去

Establishing a festival or charity event to commemorate the history and glorious past of miners.

資料來源：

Source:

https://reurl.cc/NQ2A7x

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礦工血淚嘉年華：英國「杜倫礦工大遊行」 | 轉角國際 udn Global

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隨著7月的到來，一年一度的英國「杜倫礦工大遊行」（Durham Miners Gala）又將展開。即使礦業已成歷史，去年的礦工大遊行卻號稱是有史以來最盛大的一場。但是嘉年華的背後，是一段長達百年的血淚交織，從1984至85年的大罷工、「婦女反對礦坑關閉運動」、「同志支持礦工運動」，如今的大遊行群眾來自各個組織，如同一個社會主義的大平台…

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國際案例比較與思考(2)   International Case Comparison and Reflection (2)

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國際案例比較與思考(2)   International Case Comparison and Reflection (2)

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國家地點：

Country Location:

日本鎌倉市

Kamakura City, Japan

面對的問題：

Challenges Faced:

古蹟要修復是否會有無法還原古蹟的樣子

Concerns regarding whether the restoration of historical sites might alter their original appearance irreversibly.

借鏡處：

Lessons Learned:

在這項技術還存在時可以學習這類技術保持傳承

Learning and preserving traditional restoration techniques while they are still available can contribute to the continuity of heritage conservation.

資料來源：

Source:

https://news.pts.org.tw/article/657431

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一個城市經營及規劃的方向除了建設與發展，是否也有其他可能及選擇？日本神奈川縣的鎌倉市，是日本三大古都之一。在這座轉角就能遇見古蹟的小城市，人口只有約十七萬人，卻能藉著豐富的人文及自然景觀，每年吸引超過兩千萬的觀光人次！鎌倉，是如何以「保存」的思維經營城市？

鎌倉古都 如何以「保存」的思維經營城市？

日本神奈川縣的鎌倉市，距離東京只有一個小時車程，與關西的奈良、京都並列日本三大古都。

11世紀末，鎌倉是鎌倉幕府的首都，因此保留了相當多鎌倉幕府時期的寺院及古蹟；同時因為靠近湘南海岸，在昭和時期吸引許多文人、藝術家以及富裕階層前往，為日本西化過程中的和洋融合留下許多紀錄。在這座古蹟密度高達每平方公里有16件文化財的城鎮，有一套經營古都的方法。

鎌倉市役所文化財課北畠榮俊表示，平常就會與寺廟、神社等進行聯繫，瞭解文化資產的情況，如果發現有文化資產需要修復，就會提供補助金，同時也與國家和縣級機構合作，以便修復的文化資產得到適當的保存和公開利用。

1242年創建的光明寺有鎌倉現存最大木造本堂，是國家重要文化財，目前正在進行「令和大修理」，這整個修復工程的預算大約是20億日圓，同時要耗費十年的時間。文化財建造物保存技術協會所長鈴木雅文表示，會盡量保持現狀、只修復有問題的部分，並重新組裝，因此外觀從視覺上來看，基本上是相同的。

修復工程的目標是保存原貌，同時，文化財涉及修復，過程必須要所有者、施作者、以及第三方公正單位居中監督。（圖／獨立特派員）

鎌倉市每年文化財的保存預算大約40億日圓，不過預算對象只限定被指定或登錄的文化資產。1916年興建的古我邸，是鎌倉三大洋館之一，也是相當標準的和洋式別墅建築，不過古我邸卻不在被指定或登錄的文化財名單中。

古我邸經營者新井達夫說：「一旦被指定，就會失去很多自由，這些建築就可能只能像博物館一樣存在。我們拒絕了所有的申請，自己出資來維護，雖然沒有得到政府的補助，但是我們可以自由地利用它。」拒絕被指定，對所有者來說具有更彈性的活用空間，不過也相當考驗所有者對活用的認知。

古我邸在2015年經過翻修後，改為餐廳對外經營。翻修過程盡可能保留原來的樣貌，連窗戶的窗櫺與玻璃也盡量保存了原材料。（圖／獨立特派員）

下一代的參與 鎌倉傳統技藝傳承

1995年，日本文化廳希望將日本各地區的文化與景點透過故事包裝對外呈現，而關於鎌倉的日本遺產故事，除了有眾多知名的神社跟洋館，傳統技藝也包含在其中。

13世紀由宋朝傳入的鎌倉雕，不但是一項被指定的傳統工藝，也被納入鎌倉的日本遺產故事中。不過，老師傅卻對工藝的傳承感到憂慮，目前的雕刻師傅不到120人，同時多數超過60歲。

強調雕刻線條與上漆工序的鎌倉雕，主要應用於生活器具。（圖／獨立特派員）

被納入日本遺產的工藝傳承出現危機，為了讓故事可以延續，必須有下一代的參與。鎌倉雕資料館館長赤井裕明表示，目前積極推動以小學為主的體驗課程或學生畢業製作，讓學生實際動手雕刻鎌倉雕。

在鎌倉，以小學生為培育對象的傳統技藝，還包括一項日本獨有的舞台藝術。「能劇」被譽為是現存最古老的表演藝術，從2018年開始，鎌倉兒童能劇就在鎌倉能舞台開始進行培訓。鎌倉市役所文化課里元茉以子說：「我們希望能引起孩子們的興趣，不僅是看，還希望能提供親身體驗的機會。」

選拔出來的小學生每個月要進行兩次能劇集訓，一年培訓期滿，鎌倉市府會為孩子舉辦公演，讓一年的努力具體在舞台呈現。（圖／獨立特派員）

御谷騷動 由居民主導的城市規劃

在鎌倉，大量被留存的歷史建物卻沒有成為城鎮建設的包袱。從鎌倉市制高點觀察，整個城鎮並沒有太突兀的高樓，周邊山坡也沒有任何建築。鎌倉市役所企劃課課長安冨誠人認為，鎌倉的城市規劃與市民活動的歷史相互關聯，其中一個代表性的例子是「御谷騷動」。

當時有住宅開發案預計在御谷地區進行，由於御谷被鎌倉人視為聖地，擔心開發案破壞原有的地貌風景，當地居民在1964年發起抗爭。（圖／獨立特派員）

在御谷騷動中，鎌倉的市民們站出來，展開了保護土地的運動，最終使得這片綠地至今仍然得以保存，這種由市民主導的城市規劃方式，不但促成日本的古都保存法在1966年實施，更深切影響日本歷史建築的周遭景觀。

鎌倉在1992年就被列入世界遺產預備名單，卻因為構成遺產的價值闡述不夠充分，受到不記載的勸告，不過鎌倉並沒有放棄，努力實踐與歷史遺產共生共存的理念，為歷史城鎮的保存效益做了見證。

（※李婕綾 張智龍／採訪報導）

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日本古都鎌倉，觀光與文化保存的兩難【獨立特派員】 ｜ 公視新聞網 PNN

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一個城市經營及規劃的方向除了建設與發展，是否也有其他可能及選擇？日本神奈川縣的鎌倉市，是日本三大古都之一。在這座轉角就能遇見古蹟的小城市，人口只有約十七萬人，卻能藉著豐富的人文及自然景觀，每年吸引超過兩千萬的觀光人次！鎌倉，是如何以「保存」的思維經營城市？

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國際案例比較與思考(3)   International Case Comparison and Reflection (3)

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國際案例比較與思考(3)   International Case Comparison and Reflection (3)

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國家地點：

Country Location:

日本櫪木縣

Yamanashi Prefecture, Japan

面對的問題：

Challenges Faced:

受到工業污染

Dealing with industrial pollution.

借鏡處：

Lessons Learned:

立法規範

Implementing legislative regulations to address environmental concerns.

資料來源：

Source:

https://reurl.cc/Dj453m

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國際案例比較與思考(4)   International Case Comparison and Reflection (4)

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國際案例比較與思考(4)   International Case Comparison and Reflection (4)

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國家地點：

Country Location:

德國魯爾

Ruhr, Germany

面對的問題：

Challenges Faced:

產業沒落

Industrial decline.

借鏡處：

Lessons Learned:

結合當地文化發展觀光，將工廠改建，突出舊廠文化特色，融合文化創新要素

Integrating local culture for tourism development, repurposing factories to highlight their cultural heritage, and incorporating elements of cultural innovation.

資料來源：

Source:

https://reurl.cc/r90DmE

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目標：

8.5 2030年前，實現全面生產性就業，且每個成年人都能獲得合宜工作，包括青年與身心障礙者，並具同工同酬的待遇。

了解礦工職業：

礦工是吃力不討好的工作，不僅薪資不高，還可能危及生命，長久下來更有慢性病的風險，在那個年代，男女薪資待遇有不公弊端，工作環境是否合宜，薪資待遇是否公平，如今，是需要去保障和重視的。

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目標：

10.3　確保機會平等、減少不平等現象，包括消除歧視的法律、政策及實務作法，並推動適當的立法、政策與行動。

10.3 Ensure equal opportunities and reduce inequality, including implementing laws, policies, and practices to eliminate discrimination, and promoting appropriate legislation, policies, and actions.

礦工的權益：

因為礦工不論是在工作時期，或是現今保存文化的時期，他們的生命安全和文化保存方面都沒有得到很好的重視及保障，政府反而以利益為優先

Rights of miners:

Miners' rights have not been adequately prioritized and protected, whether during their working period or in the current era of cultural preservation. Their safety and cultural preservation have not received sufficient attention and safeguarding. Instead, the government prioritizes economic interests.

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目標：

11.4　進一步努力保護和捍衛世界文化與自然遺產。

11.4 Further efforts to protect and defend the world's cultural and natural heritage.

猴硐可如何保護文化：

礦工的這段歷史和留存下來的器具是台灣十分重要的文化遺產，政府應與民間合作，立定相關法規，設立文化保存設施，將礦工的史實與相關事蹟流傳於後世。

How can Houtong protect its cultural heritage:

The history of miners and the preserved tools are vital cultural heritage of Taiwan. The government should collaborate with the private sector, establish relevant regulations, and set up cultural preservation facilities to pass down the facts and related stories of miners to future generations.

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目標：

12.b　制定及實施政策，監測永續發展對於創造就業機會、促進地方文化與產品的永續觀光的影響。

12.b Formulating and implementing policies, monitoring the impact of sustainable development on creating employment opportunities, and promoting sustainable tourism that preserves local culture and products.

猴硐可發展的方向：

將以前的產業及生活歷史保存下來，推廣當地的煤礦產業特色

The potential directions for development in Houtong:

Preserve the history of past industries and way of life, and promote the local coal mining industry's characteristics.