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Four Sources of Change:
Staff: Internal
Unless you're a one-person show, your employees are a major part of your company's internal environment. Your employees have to be good at their jobs, whether it's writing code or selling products to strangers. Managers have to be good at handling lower-level employees and overseeing other parts of the internal environment. Even if everyone's capable and talented, internal politics and conflicts can wreck a good company.
Money: Internal
Even in a great economy, lack of money can determine whether your company survives or dies. When your cash resources are too limited, it affects the number of people you can hire, the quality of your equipment, and the amount of advertising you can buy. If you're flush with cash, you have a lot more flexibility to grow and expand your business or endure an economic downturn.
Competition: External

Unless your company is unique, you'll have to deal with competition. When you start your company, you fight against established, more experienced businesses in the same industry. After you establish yourself, you'll eventually have to face newer firms that try to slice away your customers. Competition can make or break you – look at how many brick-and-mortar bookstores crashed and burned competing with Amazon.
Customers and Suppliers: External

Next to your employees, your customers and suppliers may be the most important people you deal with. Suppliers have a huge impact on your costs. The clout of any given supplier depends on scarcity: If you can't buy anywhere else, your negotiating room is limited. The power of your customers depends on how fierce the competition for their dollars is, how good your products are, and whether your advertising makes customers want to buy from you, among other things.

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Four Sources of Change:

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1. Political Environment.  Change can occur dependant on a political party's policy.  When working for a crown entity, you have to adapt organisational change depending on which party is in power and what changes they wish to implement.

2. Technological.  The speed at which technology is developing at present means all companies need to ensure they are up to date or exist to promote their services.  for example, The Apple App Store was opened on July 10, 2008, with an initial 500 applications available. As of 2017, the store now features over 2.1 million apps.

3.Processes.  When implementing changes to processes to the business, it is crucial to ensure that all customers are consulted regarding potential and their thoughts ort ideas are taken into account.  Generally most changes should be common sense to simplify a task or process to benefit the customer

4. Structure of the Organisation.  When a company undergoes a significant transformation programme, it is possible that they will review how the company is structured regarding streamlining work flow or centralising units into hubs or centres.  This needs to be handled with care by the executive leaders as any potential restructure can destabilise the workforce and effect moral.

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Technological Change - Social media being used more for advertising, a much cheaper option with a far broader audience. Easily achieved in-housewith the need for outsourcing marketing companies.

Political Change-
Businesses being allowed to trade on significant public holidays such as Good Friday and Christmas Day in conjunction with large events in a region. This is something that has previously never been allowed or accepted in some sectors until more recent times.

Staff Change - Training staff up to ensure that when others are absent they can adapt to roles and task that are not necessarily their everyday jobs or covered in their job descriptions without the output of productivity being affected.

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1. Economical environment - If a supplier raised their prices, this could impact the company as their expenses will increase and overall profit will decrease. They may also need to search for new suppliers.
2. Technological environment - the business may need to perform frequent upgrades and invest so much time and money into this - could mean the business needs to employ a specific person to do this as a full time job.
3. Socio-cultural environment - if society starts changing their views on things, for example sugar, a business who produces products high in sugar will see a fall in sales and overall revenue due to this.
4. Political environment - if the government introduces a tax on a certain product such as cigarettes, and keeps increasing this tax, a business will see a fall in the number of cigarette packets purchased as customers start to struggle to afford them.

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Leona M -Internal and External sources of change

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Leona M -Internal and External sources of change

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We are constantly seeing internal and external sources of change and probably don't think too much about it as some of it seems like common sense. An international source of change that my company experienced was when the US market plunged in 2008 and accommodation bookings for the following year slowed down as the people in this market that we target were heavily affected. Another external factor of change is economic. I recently saw all the sheep sheared at work but the farmer held onto the wool as wool prices were down and he wanted to wait till they went up again. Internal changes occur constantly. We recently named a CEO as the owner wanted family representation for the company. We also changed the process for our purchase order limits by giving higher limits to the managers in order to increase their efficiency and create a better work flow.

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Process need involves identifying your company’s process weak spots and correcting or redesigning them. An example might be a restaurant that identifies that people wait too long for their entrees and so decides to hire another chef to speed up creation times.

Updating the computer system, to keep up with the growth of a business

Facebook is a company that nailed it. Prior to the social network’s prolific rise Myspace was the dominant player, but it had its downfalls.  Facebook wisely noted what Myspace was vs. what should be and built that platform.

We constantly see changes occur in populations, income levels, human capital (education) and age ranges. Smart firms are constantly paying attention to this.

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Target audience: Monitoring your target audience is important. Making sure to have a broad target audience but not too broad where you lose focus.

Market change: Change in demand and/or supply.  The demand of the product could increase due to similar services not being able to fulfil their needs or the demand could decrease due to added competition.

Technology Advancement: Adapting procedures and systems to work with all the latest technology and advancing services of today. This could include computer software, servers and other technologies. For example the IRD switching to e-filing tax returns.

Product development: Being able to offer the clientele something which the competitors don’t have is a real advantage.  For example a café offering gluten free options as well as normal options.

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Nicart Wolfsbauer four sources of change

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Nicart Wolfsbauer four sources of change

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1.    Economical environment such as a recession, organisations may have to change in the way of staff and letting people go as the business may be in a bad way
2.  Technological, the business may have to change in order to keep up to date with ever growing technology such as updating their tills, computer systems etc

3.    Growth of a company, businesses may to change products or the way they do a lot of things to be inline with what consumers want to buy

4.    Market place gaps will produce opportunity to introduce new products to fill a place in the market that is missing

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1. Economic pressures can be a source of change. Economic growth can provide businesses with increased revenue and the opportunity to expand to keep up with growing demand. Business growth might see a restructure with employees and employee tasks or it may bring about a complete overhaul of production lines and processes.
2. Changing demographics could also be a source of change. A lot of regions have an aging population and this would be an important factor for businesses moving forward. Product lines may need to be altered or discontinued to ensure businesses can best meet the changing needs of the population.
3. Skills and performance of staff can bring about internal change to the structure of a business. As staff progress in their capabilities, a business should look to place those developing resources where they would be most effective and efficient so this would bring a change in employee tasks.
4. Develpoment of technology can be a source for internal change. Companies have the ability to perform better and produce more with new technologies so this would change the processes within a business.

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1. Internal employees pressure. For example, a worker complaints about having to go seek for some tools for their day task and expend long time finding around the factory. This can create a change to purchase and place tools next to him station and therefore making employee much more productive.
2. Costumer request or complaints. Costumers asking for and add-on or accessorize to a product which the organisation does not have. This will create a demand and be creating and production this add-on organisation will increase revenue and penetrate a new market.
3. Technological advaments can be a source of changes. New technologies such a email, cloud systems has creative changes around the world in the way organisation store and share information within and out to costumers as well such as social media and TV.
4.  Growth can be a source of change. Imagine an organisation which started small selling women accessories. In the beginning, it was such a few people in a garage producing the products about 100 a week. Organisation gets a deal with a new retail which offers to buy 1000 products every week, it will be necessary to change a lot in the organisation to meet this new target of production.

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1. a company is so busy with trying to keep up with social media, advertising and marketing that they decide to create a whole new position for this role thus freeing up the administrator and manager to concentrate on their own roles.
2. resturant is finding that a lot of parents are bringing their children for meals and decide to build a child-friendly area for the children and then use this to promote the restaurant, attracting new customers.
3. after repeated requests from customers a local cafe decides to change their food suppliers and only use organic produce and free range eggs.
4. the hairdressers next to the beauty salon goes up for the sale and the owner of the beauty salon decides to buy the hairdressers and expand the beauty salons services.

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1. changing the job design of particular employees to increase productivity. e.g. adding in other tasks to relive others.
2. updating to the newest operating system. such as windows 10 for example
3. producing a new product to suit a new market, e.g. vape flavours and vaporizers
4. changing the operations in producing a product such as a new machine that rids a step.