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1. Why did you choose this image?  How does the image represent the pillar?

I chose this image because it shows the Islam declaration of faith in Arabic. The words shown in this image says that "There is no god but Allah, and Muhammad is his prophet". Every convert must recite these words three times in order to become a Muslim. This declaration of faith represents the Pillar of Faith because it a line of words that every Muslim must say to prove their belief and faith in Allah.

1. Why is the practice of this pillar important to Islam?

Practicing faith is important to Islam because it is what connects every Muslim to Allah. Without it, the religion would not exist. It is also how converts become a Muslim, and it marks the beginning of their religious journey.

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Given the practice and meaning of Faith, how might it increase literacy and importance of writing?

This Declaration of Faith increased literacy and the importance of writing because every Muslim convert was required to recite it. Without being able to read and write, Muslims would have had a difficult time spreading the Declaration of Faith around the world.

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1. Why did you choose this image?  How does the image represent the pillar?

I chose this image because it shows Muslims practicing the Second Pillar of Islam (prayer). Every Muslims is required to pray five times a day while facing Mecca, which is what they are doing in the picture above.

1. Why is the practice of this pillar important to Islam?

Prayer is important to Islam because it is what unites Muslims and it is how they show their devotion to their god.

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In order to pray five times a day what would you need to know? How would you figure this out?

In order to pray five times a day, a Muslim would have needed to know the different times of day that praying occurred as well as the correct prayers. All of this information could be found by simply asking others in the Muslim community or reading the Qur'an.

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1. Why did you choose this image?  How does the image represent the pillar?
I chose this image because it shows a wealthier member of society giving money to someone who is less fortunate. This image represents Alms (the wealthy giving 2.5% of their annual income to the poor) because it shows charity being gifted between two social classes.

2. Why is the practice of this pillar important to Islam?
This practice is important to Islam because it unites the two social classes and allows for social equality. Unity was always important between Muslims, as they usually prayed together throughout the day, and this was another example of the ways they supported each other

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How might the practice of giving alms encourage achievements in mathematics/finance and promote a sense of community?

The practice of giving Alms encouraged achievements in the intellectual field because it allowed for people of all backgrounds and social classes to have an economic advantage. There were people who could not have afforded benefits such as education and because of Alms, they were able to pay for it. Giving Alms also promoted a sense of community because it bound the rich and the poor together and attempted to close the social gap between them.

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1. Why did you choose this image?  How does the image represent the pillar?

I chose this image because it shows a group of Muslims breaking fast in the evening to eat dinner together. This image represents the fourth pillar of Islam (fasting) because it shows one aspect of Ramadan (a month where Muslims fast and break fast only in the evenings).

1. Why is the practice of this pillar important to Islam?

The practice of fasting is important to Islam because it is yet another way for Muslims to bond with each other as a community. It is also a way for Muslims to show their devotion towards God.

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Ramadan only occurs once a year and is based on a lunar calendar, how might this encourage innovations?
Ramadan encouraged innovations by forcing scholars to determine when Ramadan occurred every year based off of the position of the moon and stars. This would eventually lead to more innovations involving the calendar and the position of the moon.

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1. Why did you choose this image?  How does the image represent the pillar?

I chose this image because it shows a Muslims during his/her Hajj (a pilgrimage every Muslims must take to Mecca). This image represents the fifth pillar (pilgrimage) because it shows a Muslim visiting Mecca, which is an essential part of Hajj.

1. Why is the practice of this pillar important to Islam?

Making a pilgrimage to Hajj is important to Islam because it allows for Muslims to feel more connected to each other, God, and their religion.

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Hajj only happens in Mecca; what would somebody back then (before 1500)  need in order to get to Mecca and participate in Hajj?
They would need transportation (a camel, a horse, a boat, walking, etc), money, items to trade with other Muslims, and a something to give them a sense of where Mecca was (a compass, a map, etc).