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Speaker: Plato, Ancient Greek philosopher

Occasion:  This story comes from Plato’s book of philosophical fiction, The Republic.
Purpose: Socrates (main character) tells his follower Glaucon a story about people living in a cave, which serves as an allegory for human society and the pursuit of knowledge.
Main Argument: Plato claimed that knowledge gained through the senses is no more than opinion and that, in order to have real knowledge, we must gain it through philosophical reasoning.

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TED Talk: "Grit: The power of passion and perseverance" by Angela Lee Duckworth

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TED Talk: "Grit: The power of passion and perseverance" by Angela Lee Duckworth

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Speaker: Angela Lee Duckworth, former consultant, seventh grade math teacher in a  New York Public School

Occasion: Ted Talk to a group of students and adults
Purpose: She explains her theory of "grit" as a predictor of success
Main Argument:  Success is not determined by intelligence, talent or IQ. It is determined by passion and perseverance for a long term goal and the hard work done in order to get to that goal.

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What to avoid when becoming your best self 

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What to avoid when becoming your best self 

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TED Talk: "Let's teach for mastery - not test scores" by Sal Khan 

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TED Talk: "Let's teach for mastery - not test scores" by Sal Khan 

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Speaker: Sal Khan
Occasion: Ted Talk to students, teachers, and adults
Purpose:  To introduce a new form of education and also address the flaw of our current education system.
Main Argument: His main argument was that the core for learning is based on two ideas, mastery and mindset. Mastery being the sole purpose of education and not just test scores or grades.

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about SAT
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"Our Deportment, Or the Manners, Conduct, and Dress of Refined Society" by John H. Young 

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"Our Deportment, Or the Manners, Conduct, and Dress of Refined Society" by John H. Young 

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Speaker:  Christopher Gardner
Occasion: new york times
Purpose: to never give up on the goals u want to achieve always work hard and things will work out
Main Argument:  try your hardest and never give up an also having family can make u happy

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"Sex, Lies, and Conversation" by Deborah Tannen 

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"Sex, Lies, and Conversation" by Deborah Tannen 

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Speaker: Pico Iyer
Occasion:
Purpose:
Main Argument:  The main argument for the Joy of Less is that we should enjoy the simple things in life and that we should know what is important in life.

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Speaker: Judy Brady
Purpose:
Main Argument:  to explain that the role of the woman is much bigger than initially thought. That men always diminish women and should be taken more into consideration

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Amy Chua "Chinese Mothers" and other readings

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Amy Chua "Chinese Mothers" and other readings

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Speaker: Amy Chua, American lawyer, academic, and writer.
Occasion: A book she wrote about parenting, Battle Hymn of the Tiger Mother
Purpose: To show the effects of strict parenting in certain situations
Main Argument:  Chua's main argument is that in order for kids to become successful once they're independent a parent must not be soft on them.

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Speaker: malcolm x
Occasion: 1963 civil right movement
Purpose: to inform people i the united states of the struggles african american faced just to be able to get simplest form of education
Main Argument: African Americans stood be able to live just like white people getting the benefits that they deserve and need.

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Speaker:  Ralph Waldo Emerson, transcendentalist, American essayist, lecturer, philosopher and poet
Occasion: Excerpt taken from his essay
Purpose: To explain the flaws of how and why things are learned.
Main Argument:  Education must be pursued by a child's own curiosity and in a forced and automatic way.

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Speaker:  Paul Thereux

Purpose:
Main Argument: the idea of being a man in this society is so overwhelming and had to come by. men should not have to prove themselves. The idea of being a man is ridiculous

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Speaker: sherman alexie
Occasion: 1990s in California
Purpose: is to indicate how ones does not need to be affluent to learn.
Main Argument:  education and reading can help you pave your way out of societies stereotypes for minorities

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Speaker: David Foster Wallace, American novelist and essayist, professor at Pomona College
Occasion: A commencement address to college graduates
Purpose: To make the college students think beyond their "default setting".
Main Argument:  His main argument was that one needs to actually address their reality in order to realize that there are greater things and purposes in life than we subconsciously think.

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Based on Gender

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Speaker: Chris Hedges, an American Journalist
Purpose:
Main Argument: teaching and telling people and the literacy rates are falling in America. There are many statistics on

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Speaker:  Esquire
Occasion: teaching us on how men should be
Purpose:
Main Argument: men shouold be at the pot of the top. There are specific ways to be a real man. This is the guidlnes to how to be a real man and if you dont do this you are not a real man.

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Speaker: James Baldwin, American novelist and social critic
Occasion: delivered a speech to a group of New York City school teachers  in 1963, the height of the Civil Rights movement for African Americans
Purpose:  Baldwin wants to stop the affect segregation has on a child's education.
Main Argument: Teacher;'s must found a way to make kids find their own positive way to success amidst the odds presented to them in America's current situation.

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Speaker:  John Gardner
Occasion:
Purpose:
Main Argument:  How to deal with things in life. To learn what is important