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-Absolute location is the exact location where it is on Earth.
-On the other hand, relative location is the location around where it actually is.  You could describe the landmarks around it.
-Fort example, Australia is located at 35S latitude and 149E longitude. This describes absolute location.
-Another example,  Australia is near the South Pacific Islands. And the language and culture comes from another place Great Britain. This is an example of relative location.
Find the absolute location of Australia. Here are the coordinates:
35 South (Latitude) and 149 East (Longitude) Once you have found it, you should end up in the capital of Australia, Canberra.

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A long, long, long, long, time ago, (we are talking about hundreds of millions) the whole land was combined into one big supercontinent. The very huge unbroken piece of land, broke apart into many tectonic plates. If you have ever heard of the continental drift theory, which means the idea that when the continents slowly are drifting as the tectonic plates that they sit on or move, you would probably know that it is based on the ideas of a German Geographer named Alfred Wegener. Here is what he looks like:

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From Koala's to Kookaburra's:
A botanist, named Joseph Banks, was one of the first Europeans to study Australia. He found a cute little koala, and a kookaburra too. What he found were native species of Australia. In the 1800's, Australia became a colony of Britain. They brought plants and animals from Britain and brought them to Australia. Exotic and Native Species fought over territory and food. That has leaded to more and more endangered and threatened species each and everyday.

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Australia's first people are called Aborigines. They came to Australia about 40,000 years ago, and may be one of the oldest cultures in the world. Around 1770, a sea captain from Great Britain named James Cook, discovered Australia while exploring the Pacific Oceans. And then he claimed the land for Britain, but was having problems with the colonies. When they lost over the American Colonies, it gave the British problems in their prisons. Fortunately for them, the government decided to set up a prison colony, the farther the better-and that happened to be Australia.The result was that that the new colony grew pretty slow at first, and they supported themselves by farming what they needed to survive. And then when gold was discovered in 1851, gold was discovered in, and miners rushed into Australia.When the settlers kept coming, the aborigines were pushed off their land. Australia gained their independence in 1901.

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33.4 New Relationships with Near Neighbors

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33.4 New Relationships with Near Neighbors

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Once Australia got their independence, they created a "white  Australia" immigration policy. They made this to keep people of color out of their country. If you wanted to immigrate you had to pass a test called the "dictation test." Although, the "white Australia" policy ended in 1970s. That's right, if you lived anywhere in the world you could immigrate to Australia. There are around 200,000 immigrants who go to Australia each year-and half of them are from Asia. They come come for a job, better life, or education. Their have been some issues with ethnic groups, because when old ways are mixed with old ones, it can cause some controversy. But the main result has become the creation of a lively plural society. Trading is also a  very important part of their lives. But Japan was Australia's most important trade partner. South Korea, China, and Taiwan have also been important for trading as well.

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Koala 33.2

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Kookaburra 33.2

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If you are looking for unusual animals, Australia is the place to go. Long ago, Australia was separated from the rest of the continents. They adapted without other species around them. Australia's wildlife had gotten used to the variety of climates they have. The settlers brought in plants and animals that weren't common in that area of the world. For example, a rabbit. When they multiplied they ate the grass that the native animals needed to survive. In all, the native species are either extinct or in danger of it.

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If you know where Australia is on the map, you should know it is in the Southern Hemisphere. Which means it is the opposite of the Northern half of the world. When Australia has summer, we have December. This is all caused due to the tilt of Earth on it's axis. That creates more sunlight to  the Southern Hemisphere between December and March.There are some advantages for living in Australia. Since they have beautiful beaches and warm days in the summer, the tourists are automatically attracted just in time for summer vacation. Countries like the U.S. and Japan import beautiful out of season fruits and flowers.

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33.5

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The Earth is divided in layers. One layer is 6 miles above Earth. It holds Ozone gas. It keeps UV (ultraviolet) rays from hitting Earth. Scientists in 1985 discovered that the ozone over Antarctica was thinning. The called the thin patch they put over it an "Ozone Hole." When Ozone is lost, it is mainly caused by the chemicals called chloro-flourocarbons (CFCs) When it is thinning it is very harmful to Australia. Skin Cancer rates have increased.

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Why THIS Country Has The Deadliest Skin Cancer