# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
ges on to soil here.

riverpool.

Mutt.

on, did Brian d' of Linn.

to isges, erde from erde. Pride, O pride, thy prize!

Mutt.

your whisht!

Mutt.

of all. Many. Miscegenations on miscegenations. Tieckle. They

again, of our old Heidenburgh in the days when Head-in-Clouds

walked the earth. In the ignorance that implies impression that

tails the ensuance of existentiality. But with a rush out of his

all of hours, furrowards, bagawards, like yoxen at the turnpaht.

waist! Ho, you fie! Upwap and dump em, ace to ace! When a

BACK TO MAIN PAGE

riverrun - the course which a river shapes and follows through the landscape.

Adam and Eve's - old Franciscan church in Dublin (on the south quays of river Liffey).

swerve - an act of swerving, turning aside, or deviating from a course + swerve of shore ... bend of bay → curving shoreline of Dublin Bay, seen from two different points of view: that of the native on the shore and that of the foreign invader (or returning exile) at sea.

commodious - comfortable, spacious, capacious

a vicious circle - a situation in which a cause produces a result that itself produces the original cause + vicus (l) - village, hamlet; street, row of houses, quarter of a city.

recirculation - a renewed or fresh circulation

environs - surroundings, outskirts

ivy + Eve's + The Holly and the Ivy (song): a Christmas carol → holired in the same line.

apples

Walhalla = Valhalla - In Old Northern mythology, the hall assigned to those who have died in battle, in which they feast with Odin.

Rolls-Royce - a Rolls-Royce motor car, any product considered to be of the highest quality + ROLLRIGHT STONES - Ancient stone circle on the border of Oxfordshire and Warwickshire, England.

hack - hackney coach, taxi cab + CARHAIX - town in Brittany, Department of Cotes du Nord. In Bedier's Tristan and Isolde, Tristan dies there after raising the siege of the castle and marrying Iseult of the White Hands. The region to the West abounds in standing stones (menhirs), like Stonehenge + carraig ( korig) (gael) - rock, stone.

"Miss Hooligan's Christmas Cake" ( song): "There was plums and prunes and cherries/ And citron and raisins and cinnamon too"

narrow +

Engen (ger) -
Stonehenge
(notebook 1924): ' kistvaen' {kistvaen - tomb or burial chamber formed from flat stone slabs in a box-like shape. If set completely underground, it may be covered by a tumulus. The word is derived from the Welsh cist (chest) and maen (stone)}.

Tristram Tree - Mr Senn found in The Castles of Ireland, by C. L. Adams (London, 1904): "Near the garden stands the old elm known as 'The Tristram Tree' which has been carefully propped and preserved. . . on account of the tradition as long as this tree lives there will be an heir to the noble house which was founded by Sir Armoricus Tristram." Joyce said: ". . . the oldest tree in the island is the elm tree in the demesne of Howth Castle and Environs" ( Letters, III, 309).

Fargo, William (1818-81) - American pioneer expressman, as in Wells Fargo + fag a'bealach ( fago byalokh) (gael) - clear the way; name for a useless person.

autokinêton (

autokineton (gr) - self moving +
Modern Greek) - self-moving (thing), automobile.

hippos (gr) - horse

(notebook 1922-23): ' fleet of motorcars'

THURN AND TAXIS - Former German state; the counts of Thurn and Taxis had a monopoly as German Imperial postmasters from 16th into the 19th centuries [
(notebook 1924): ' Turn & Taxis '] .
megapod + Phogg, Phineas - hero of Verne's Around the World in Eighty Days.

wardmote - a meeting of the citizens of a ward; esp. in the City of London, a meeting of the liverymen of a ward under the presidency of the alderman; moat - trench.

basilica - an early christian church [Joyce's note: 'basilica'] + kerk ( Dutch) - church.

Areopagus (gr, "hill of Ares") - seat of the highest judicial tribunal of ancient Athens and the spot where St Paul preached + pagoda - an far eastern temple.

hoyse (obs) - hose

brool ( Archaic) - a murmur

peeler - a nickname given to members of the Irish constabulary; a strip-tease artist, a stripper + ( The Peeler and the Goat song) - a satirical ballad by Darby Ryan; it was written in 1830 to ridicule over-officious officers of the Royal Irish Constabulary (nicknamed "Peelers" after Robert Peel, who had created the Metropolitan Police the previous year) who had "arrested" a goat for roistering in the main street of Bansha, County Tipperary, and butting an officer.

Mecklenburg - region in northern Germany

to bite one's ear ( Slang) - to borrow money

Marlborough - provincial district in New Zealand + merlin - a European species of falcon + MARLBOROUGH BARRACKS - Between Blackhouse Avenue and the Phoenix Park Zoo + burrock ( Archaic) - a wicker basket for catching fish.

- to gaze, study or think long or earnestly +

pore
forecourt - the court or enclosed space in front of a building, the first or outer court.
= the rather, the more so (because, etc.) + bothar mor (

the more
boher mor) (gael) - highway, main road.
Horace: Odes III.29.12 (l) - 'Fumum et opes strepitumque Romae' ( Latin 'The smoke and the grandeur and the noise of Rome').

Turm (ger) - tower + (notebook 1924): 'durum & durum non faciunt murum' → durum et durum non faciunt murum (l) - stern measures do not build a protective wall (literally 'hard and hard do not make a wall').

Aufruf (ger) - summons, appel

me

you

morning

Phil the Fluter's Ball - Percy French song + REFERENCE + Philip, Phil, Pip - the name means "horse lover" + "Finnegan's Wake (song): "One morning Tim felt tippling full".

howd - a lurching rocking movement + head + hoved ( Danish) - head.

hand + hodet ( Norwegian) - the head.

+ Finnegan tumbles from the ladder through time and space into an ancient Egyptian mastaba-tomb + (notebook 1924): ' (mastaba) ' → Perry: The Origin of Magic and Religion 34: 'the tombs used in the first dynasties by the royal family... were called mastabas'.

mon - man + Amen or Ammon or Ammun, etc. ("the hidden one") - according to Budge, he began as chief god of Thebes, was later identified with Ra, later assumed all the attributes of the old gods of Egypt + song:
'Needles and pins, blankets and shins, when a man is married his sorrow begins'.

schizō ( Greek) - I split, I cleave, I separate → Issy's split personality; Adaline Glasheen recognizes Issy in "Shize? I should shee"; presumably the following remark (spoken by Biddy O'Brien in the ballad Finnegan's Wake) is to be attributed to Issy
+ Scheisse ( German) - shit!
FDV: Castle & Environs! Sir Tristram, brings us to Howth viola d'amores, had not encore arrived passencore rearrived stones sham rocks on a merry isthmus from North Armorica to wielder fight his peninsular war, nor exaggerated theirselves in exaggerated themselse to Laurens county, Ga, doubling all the time, nor a voice by the Oconee answered bellowsed mishe mishe chishe to tufftuff thouartpatrick redffire thouartpeatrick from afire .

Tristram, Tristan - (1) Sir Amory Tristram from Armorica (Brittany), one of Ireland's Norman conquerors, founder of the St Lawrence family of Howth (Joyce: "Sir Amory Tristram 1st earl of Howth changed his name to Saint Lawrence, in Brittany (North Armorica)"); (2) Tristan of Lyonnesse (hero of medieval romance, nephew of Mark of Cornwall, lover of Isolde of Ireland) + Sir Tristrem - metrical romance by Thomas the Rhymer from 13. c.

violer - a player of the viol, in early use esp. one attached to the household of the king, a noble, etc.; a fiddler

d'amore (it) - of love + d'amores ( Portuguese) - of loves.

A long sea implies an uniform and steady motion of long and extensive waves; on the contrary, a short sea is when they run irregularly, broken, and interrupted, so as frequently to burst over a vessel's side or quarter.

pas encore (fr) - not yet + passe encore (fr) - Said of something passable or tolerable + cor (l) - heart.

rearrive - to arrive again

Armorica - name of the north-western part of Gaul, now called Bretagne or Brittany

scraggy - rough, irregular or broken in outline or contour + scrag ( Slang) - neck.

isthmus - a narrow portion of land, enclosed on each side by water, and connecting two larger bodies of land; a neck of land + isthmos (gr) - neck.

minor - small

wielder - a ruler, governer; one who uses or acts skilfully + wieder (ger) - again + wiel ( Dutch) - wheel.

top sawyer - a worker at a sawpit who stands above the timber; one who holds a superior position, a first-rate hand at something + Tom Soyer

rocks ( Slang) - testicles

Oconee - river in Georgia + ochone - exclamation of regret or grief.

exaggerate - to heap up

Laurens county - county in northern South Carolina; county in Georgia {Your annotation states that Laurens County is a county in South Carolina, which I'm sure is true, but I think Joyce is referring to a county in Georgia also called Laurens because earlier in the sentence is a reference to the Oconee, which you correctly identify as a river in Georgia. Also, the use of the word "doublin" later in the sentence is a reference to Dublin, the county seat of Laurens County. The Oconee is a river that passes though Dublin, Georgia in Laurens County (Govind Shanadi)}

gorgio - designation given by gipsies to one who is not a gipsy (from Gipsy gorgio: a Gentile, a person who is not a Gypsy, one who lives in a house and not in a tent) + (notebook 1922-23): 'gorgios (Gentiles)' + Joyce, Giorgio (1905-1976) - James Joyce's son, once married to Helen Joyce, father of Stephen Joyce.

Dublin, Georgia - Town, Laurens County, Georgia, US, on Oconee River. Joyce explained to Harriet Weaver that it was founded by a Dubliner named Peter Sawyer (actually it was Jonathan Sawyer), and that its motto was "Doubling all the time."

mumper - beggar, a begging impositor, one that sulks; halfbred gipsy ( slang) + (notebook 1922-23): 'mumper roadfolk who shelter' → Daily Mail 28 Dec 1922, 6/5: 'Gipsies in Winter': 'the Romanichal, the true-bred gipsy, scorns the "mumpers" or road-folk who seek cover at night under house-roof' + number.

afire - flaming, on fire + a fire

bellows - to blow (with bellows) + bellow - to call, yell + bellowed = the response of the peatfire of faith to the windy words of the apostle ( Letters, I, 248).

Mishe ( Irish) - I am + Moshe ( Hebrew) - Moses + Exodus 3:2: 'the bush burned with fire... God called unto him out of the midst of the bush, and said, Moses, Moses. And he said, Here am I.'

Tauf = baptize (German)

In Greek petros, "Peter", is a masculine form of petra, which means "rock"; Jesus says: "Thou art Peter ( petros), and upon this rock ( petra) I will build my church.

Not yet isaac not yet a peck of brewed

FDV:
though venisoon after had a kidson kidscadet buttended an a bland old had twin were sosie sesthers played siege to& all's fair in vanessy, wroth with twone Jonathan jonathan . Not Rot Shem and Son Hem or Sen Jhem or Sen bad luck worse end bloody end rory end to the regginbrew regginbrow was to be seen on ringsun ringsome pa's malt had the waterface. by arclight &
venison - any beast of chase or other wild animal killed by hunting + very soon

scad - a dollar + hit squad - a group of esp. politically-motivated assassins or kidnappers.

buttend - to use the butt end (e.g. of a gun) + butt ( Colloquial) - buttock.

bland - suave, dull, uninteresting + blind

Isaac - Isaac ben Abraham (known as Isaac the blind) + Letters, I, 248 says: "The venison purveyor Jacob got the blessing meant for Esau" + REFERENCE

sosie - double, twin esp. an identical twin + sosie (fr) - twin + Macbeth was seduced by 'three weird sisters' + Inverness - Macbeth's castle + William Shakespeare: Macbeth I.1.11: 'Fair is foul, and foul is fair'.

wroth - to manifest anger, to become angry + Roth, Samuel - piratically published some of "Work in Progress" in Two Worlds (New York, 1925-26), and in 1926-27 published more than half of Ulysses.

twenty nine + (one) Jonathan Swift, "nathandjoe," and his amours with two girls, Esther Johnson (Stella) and Esther Vanhomrigh (Vanessa) + nat ( Dutch) - wet.

rot - to decompose + rota (l) - wheel + not

peck - a liquid measure of two gallons; a considerable quantity or number, a 'quantity'.

Jim + Shem.

Shaun + John + shen ( Hebrew) - tooth.

malt - barley or other grain prepared for brewing or distilling + Willy Shakespeare brewed a peck of malt during a famine ( song O, Willie brew'd a peck o' malt).

that

brew - to concoct, to convert (barley, malt, or other substance) into a fermented liquor.

arclight = arclamp - a lamp in which the light is produced by an electric arc.

rory - dewy, gaudy in colour + Rory - Joyce glosses the word (Letters, I, 248) thus: "rory = Irish = red"/ "rory = Latin, roridus = dewy"/ "At the rainbow's end are dew and the colour red: bloody end to the lie in Anglo-Irish = no lie." In FW, "rainbow" has the Biblical meaning of peace, covenant between God and man; "dew" is its opposite, a promise of continued war, because Vico says that, after the flood, the climate was dry and it did not thunder till after "dew" appeared (Glasheen, Adaline / Third census of Finnegans wake).

regina (l) - a queen + Regen (ger) - rain + rainbow + bloody end to the lie ( Anglo-Irish) - no lie.

ringsum (ger) - all around

aqua (l) - water + Genesis 1:2: 'And the Spirit of God moved upon the face of the waters'.

gaireachtach ( garokhtokh) (gael) - boisterous

Jishin(earthquake),

Joyce asked me "Aren't there 4 terrible things in Japan, "Kaminari" being one of them?" I counted for him:
kaminari (thunder), kaji (fire), oyaji (paternity)." & he laughed - Takaoki Katta, "15 juillet, 1926."
Donner (ger) - thunder

trovão ( Portuguese) - thunder

Varuna - Hindu creator and storm god

scan ( scan) (gael) - crack + åska ( Swedish) - thunder.

torden ( Danish) - thunder

tornach ( tornokh) (gael) - thunder

Parr, Thomas, "Old Parr" (1483-1635) - lived in the reigns of ten princes, got a girl with child when oven a hundred + parr - a young salmon before it becomes a smolt

retell - to tell again + re - - 'again, 'anew' + tale - to discourse, talk, gossip.

minstrelsy - the singing and playing of a minstrel + Christy Minstrels - black face troop which came from America to London in 1857. Moore and Burgess were their rivals + proverb Early to bed and early to rise, makes a man healthy, wealthy and wise.

'Humpty Dumpty sat on a wall, Humpty Dumpty had a great fall' + oeuf ( French) - egg.

entail - to bring on by way of necessary consequence

at short notice - with little time for action or preparation

pfui - an exclamation of contempt or disgust + chute (fr) - fall.

Erse - Irish + Erseman - a man who is Erse by birth or descent.

'The Solid Man' - W.J. Ashcroft, American-Irish Dublin music hall performer (because of his famous rendering of song Muldoon the Solid Man).

humpty - humped, hump-backed + Humpty Dumpty - A short, dumpy, hump-shouldered person. In the well-known nursery rime or riddle (quoted below) commonly explained as signifying an egg (in reference to its shape); thence allusively used of persons or things which when once overthrown or shattered cannot be restored. (In the nursery rime or riddle there are numerous variations of the last two lines, e.g. 'Not all the king's horses and all the king's men Could [can] set [put] Humpty Dumpty up again [in his place again, together again]'.)

promptly

inquiring - that inquires, inquisitive

Weston, Jessie - her book From Ritual to Romance is a principal source of Eliot's The Waste Land. FW straightforwardly associates her with the Grail Quest (Glasheen, Adaline / Third census of Finnegans wake)

quest - search

turnpike - a barrier placed across a road to stop passage till the toll is paid; a toll-gate + to turn up one's toes - to die +

pike - a sharp point, pointed tip, peak + TURNPIKE - The Dublin turnpike system was introduced in the reign of George II. An 1821 map shows 10 Dublin turnpikes, almost all located on the North Circular Road and South Cicrcular Road at the crossing of main roads. The turnpike in Chapelizod was just East of the Phoenix Tavern (where the Mullingar House now stands) at the curve of the Dublin road to the bridge. It is described on the 1st page of Le Fanu's House by the Churchyard. The Dublin-Mullingar road was a turnpike road until 1853.

palec ( Pan-Slavonic) - toe

cnoc ( knuk) (gael) - hill + knock out - a knock-out blow.

Basque word for orange (laranja) is possibly folk-etymologised as 'the fruit that was first eaten' (i.e. by Adam and Eve) + orange ( Slang) - vulva.

rust - decompose + to lay to rest - to put in the last resting-place, to bury + rust ( Dutch) - rest.

FDV: What clashesof wills & wits were not here & there abouts! What chance cuddleys, what castles aired & ventilated, what biddymetolives sinduced by what egosetabsolvers tegotetabsolvers , what true feeling for haycup jiccup but O, my sure? The oaks of old hay hair with false voice of , what rorycrucians rosycrucians byelected by rival contested of simily emilies! But And O here how has sprawled upon the dust the father of fornications fornicationers fornicationists Was Wasis ? Isot! Ere we were rest rust in peat. Elms leap where ashes lay. Till nevernever may our pharce be phoenished! shining stars & body, how has finespanned in high heaven the skysign of soft advertisement. maythey

gen (gegen) (ger) - against

(ger) - against.

A croaking of Aristophanes' Frogs (405 b.c.)

Badelaire - a type of sword with one back and one edge large and curving towards the tip like the scimitar of the Turks (Sainéan: La Langue de Rabelais).

Micgranes, Malachus - Joyce's Rabelais list contains malchus (a curved sword similar to a cutlass), migraine (a fire grenade, from Provençal migrano: pomegranate (fruit)), verdun (a long and narrow sword, properly sword of Verdun, a town ever renowned for its manufacturing of steel blades) + Malachi, Mulligan + micragne ( Italian Colloquial) - penuries, poverties.

[Sainéan: La Langue de Rabelais I.91: 'catapulte' ( French 'catapult')].

Sainéan: La Langue de Rabelais I.90: ' Camisade... "An attack on the enemy before dawn, or at another time during the night, by armed men dressed in white shirts or similar covering to recognise themselves"' + Sainéan: La Langue de Rabelais I.91: 'Baliste' ( French 'Ballista').

white boy - a favored person, pet; agrarian association formed in 1761. in Ireland (against collection of tithes by landlords).

(ger) - testicle + REFERENCE

assieger (fr) - to besiege + Sainéan: La Langue de Rabelais I.71: 'Aze gaye, zagaie... a name of a spear'.

Strom (ger) - stream, current + boom ( Dutch) = strom ( Czech) - tree.

salve (l) - hail + ave (l) - hail.

appeal - to call one to defend himself (as by wager of battle); to challenge.

kill ( Anglo-Irish) - church

(ger) - mad + Anglo-Irish phrase: at all, at all ("taken together," "collectively," "altogether.")

cuddle - fondle + cudgel - a short thick stick used as a weapon; a club.

bidimetoloves - from Herrick's poem "Bid me to live and I will live thy protestant to be" (quoted Ulysses, 645) The FW sentence is about Protestants sinfully seduced by Catholics, who believe in absolution + bi- (l) = di- (gr) - two-.

FDV (First draft version): egosetabsolvers; + ego te absolvo: (Latin) "I absolve you" (from the confessional rite of the Catholic Church) hence, Tegogetabsolvers = Catholics (contrasted with bidimetoloves, or Protestants).

hair + there's hair! - there's a girl with a lot of hair! (catch-phrase of the early 20th century) + FDV: what true feeling for hay hair with false voice & of haycup jiccup , what rorycrucians rosycrucians byelected by rival contested of simily emilies!

strong

hiccup + Genesis 27:22: 'And Jacob went near unto Isaac his father; and he felt him, and said, The voice is Jacob's voice, but the hands are the hands of Esau'.

met ( Dutch) - with

hath - arhaic present 3d. sing of have

was ist? (ger) - what's the matter?

where are + FDV: Ere we were sure?

ashes - remains of what is burned + Ask and Embla (Ashe and Elm) - Adam and Eve of Norse myth. Ask is ( Norwegian) "ashes", Embla is ( Norwegian) "elm".

fall

meat stuffing (obs.)

set down - described in books, recognized

phoenix - a mythical bird, of gorgeous plumage, fabled to be the only one of its kind, and to live five or six hundred years in the Arabian desert, after which it burnt itself to ashes on a funeral pile of aromatic twigs ignited by the sun and fanned by its own wings, but only to emerge from its ashes with renewed youth, to live through another cycle of years + finish

Bygmister Finnegan of the Stuttering Hand, builder, lived on in the broadest way imaginable imaginoble imarginable made piled buildung in his [ rushlit] toofarback for messuages and during mighty odd years this man of Hod Cement & ____ upon super buildung on pon the banks of for the livers by the Soandso Soangso .

broadway - a wide open road or highway, as opposed to a narrow lane or byway. From the former practice of treating it as a compound, it has often come to be the proper name of a street, as the Broadway in New York + Bygmester Finnegan ... lived in the broadest way - Finnegan's Wake (song): "Tim Finnegan lived in Walkin Street''.

rushlight ( Slang ) - liquor.

Dublin Slang ) - house with two back rooms

Helvetic - Helvetian (pertaining to the ancient Helvetii), Swiss + helveticus (l) - Swiss + Helvetius, Claude (1715-71) - French freethinker. His book De l'esprit answered Montesquieu's L'Esprit des lois and treated the Bible with derision. It was publicly burned.

(ger) - stars.

wash + watch + Watsche (ger) - slap in the face.

feature + future.

face

Moses - Jewish lawgiver, prophet, leader from bondage. The Book of Moses is a theosophical work.

Jews + Genesis - the first in order of the books of the Old Testament, containing the account of the creation of the world.

Pentateuchos - Five Volumes (first 5 books of bible) + Sainéan: La Langue de Rabelais II.300: 'Proper names (to refer to the male member): Jean Chouart... Jean Jeudi'.

Finnegan's Wake (song): "a gentleman Irish mighty odd"

building + Bildung (ger) - education.

addle - to muddle, confound, spoil; to earn by labour, gain + and + FDV:
He addle iddle wife wyfie and he annie Annie hugged the liddle crathur wither Wither tear tare in hares hayre in honds tuck up your pardner part-in-her .
craythur - creature + Finnegan's Wake (song): "Now Tim [Finnegan] had a sort o' the tipplin' way, / With the love of the liquor he was born, / An' to help him on with his work each day, / He'd a drop of the craythur every morn.

( Finnegan's Wake song) - "dance to your partner".

in her + inhere (obs) - to stick in.

)], Though joy grant it joygrantit! with a skierscape of an eyeful hoyth entirely and larrons oftwhile balbulous [ o' toolers clittering up on it & tumblers a' buckets clottering down.] He would see by the light of the liquor his roundup tower to rise on itself [( of toolers

particularly + habitaculum (l) - dwelling place + habits ( Archaic) - clothes, attire.

Harun al-Rashid - Caliph of Baghdad in 'The Book of the Thousand Nights and a Night'.

Egbert (d.837) - West Saxon king

calculate + (notebook 1924): 'Caligula gathers shell on shore' {The following winter Caligula spent along the Rhine and in Gaul. Neither his planned German campaign nor a proposed military expedition to Britain ever took place. Though there are reports of his soldiers being ordered to gather shells on the shore as trophies for Caligula's 'conquest of the sea'. Meanwhile, a terrified senate granted him all kind of honours for his imaginary victories}.

in one's altitudes ( Slang ) - drunk.

(notebook 1923): ' undressed masonry ' + Flood: Ireland, Its Saints and Scholars 116: 'The earliest buildings were made without cement, and with undressed masonry'.

Anita Loos: Gentlemen Prefer Blondes, chapter 4: 'when a girl looks at the Eyefull Tower she really knows she is looking at something'; James Joyce: Letters I.246: letter 08/11/26 to Harriet Shaw Weaver: (of Weaver's "order" for the contents of chapter I.1) 'I set to work at once on your esteemed order... and so hard indeed that I almost stupefied myself and stopped, reclining on a sofa and reading Gentlemen Prefer Blondes for three whole days'.

caeli (l) - heavens

- a child's plaything or toy, something foolish +

bauble
Genesis, Chapter 11 of the Bible: the Tower of Babel was a tower built by a united humanity to reach the heavens. God, observing the unity of humanity in the construction, resolves to destroy the tower and confuse the previously uniform language of humanity, thereby preventing any such future efforts; therefore the city was called Babel ( babal, Heb. "confound").
larrom - a tumultuous noise, a hubbub, uproar + larron ( + Sts. Thomas Becket and Lawrence O'Toole, the antagonistic clergy who experienced different treatment during the reign of King Henry (Becket being murdered in Canterbury while O'Toole was being made Bishop of Dublin by the conquering Anglo-Normans). Their careers make them prototypes of the antagonistic brothers in the Wake (Benstock, Bernard / French) - a thief (Jacob, the thief of Esau's birthright) Joyce-again's wake : an analysis of Finnegans wake)

tooler - a broad chisel used by stone-masons for random tooling + A bucket to carry building material and a tool to work with it - these are the first necessities of the mason + Thom's Directory of Ireland/Dublin (1905): lists Richard Toole, James Beckett and William Beckett as Dublin builders.

clitter - to make frictional or rattling sound + clittering ( Anglo-Irish) - the noise of hurrying feet (from Anglo-Irish: cliotar).

tomble = tumble - an act of tumbling, a fall, downfall + il en tombe à seaux ( French phrase) - it's raining in buckets.

William Shakespeare: Hamlet V.1.27-35: (CLOWN):... 'There is no ancient gentlemen but gard'ners, ditchers, and grave-makers. They hold up Adam's profession... 'A was the first that ever bore arms... The Scripture says Adam digg'd. Could he dig without arms?'

you' re Vinegar

FDV:
The first was he to bare arms and the name. His creast [ in vert with ancillars:] a hegoat, horrid, horned. His shield, fessed, helio [ with archers strung,] of the second. Haitch is for Husbandman planting handling his hoe. Hohohoho Mister Finn you're going to be Mr Mister Finn again. Comeday morning morn when and your you're feelin ho oh, you're Vine! senday end evening eve and, ah, Finn Fine Funn you're going to be fined again. foulin, . Hahahaha Mister
wassail - a carousal; riotous festivity, revelling; a salutation used when drinking to someone's health, the liquor thus drunk.

boose , laugh + boos ( Buslaev, Vasilii - hero of the Novgorod epic cycle, Russian Dutch) - angry, evil, malicious + buslai, a "fallen man" or "drunkard" + buadth ( bue) (gael) - victory + laoch ( leokh) (gael) - warrior.

reisen - obs. of raise + Riesen (ger) - giant + Riesengebirge - the Sudetic Mountains (lit. "Giants' Mountains") which divide Bohemia and Moravia from Saxony.

- a figure or device (originally borne by a knight on his helmet) placed on a wreath, coronet or chapeau and borne above the shield and helmet in a coat of arms; the apex or ''cone'' of a helmet; hence a helmet or head piece +

crest
COAT OF ARMS
heraldry - heraldic title or rank, a collection of heraldic devices + Hure (ger) - whore.

ancillary - serving to aid of assist + ancilla (l) - maid servant, female slave → ancillae (l) - handmaidens, maidservants (two female supporters on the Dublin coat of arms).

hegoat - male goat + heoak - an Australian tree

horrid - terrible + horrid horn ( Anglo-Irish) - fool.

cuckolded (obs).

scutcheon = escutcheon - the shield or shield-shaped surface on which a coat of arms is depicted; also in wider sense, the shield with the armorial bearings.

archer - one who shoots with bow and arrows, a bowman

strung - in a state of tension

( from Hoochinoo, an Alaskan Indian village who produced such spirits) [Joyce's note: ' hootch '].

hoe - an agricultural and gardening tool, consisting of a thin iron blade fixed transversely at the end of a long handle.

sunday + someday - at some time in future.

agent - a deputy, emissary, any natural force acting upon matter; one who acts for another + agent ( Dutch) - policeman + Was denn eigentlich (ger) - What then really.

bring about
- to cause to take place, effect, accomplish

cubby house - a little house built by children in play; a very small and confined room +
Joyce's note: ' cubehouse ' → Mohammed consecrated the Kaaba (named for its resemblance to a die or cube), former a heathen temple. The chief sanctuary of Islam, aka the "Ancient House," it contains the sacred Black Stone which was white when it fell from heaven, but turmed black from the sins of those who have touched it.
Holland 52 (

ARAFAT - Granite hill 15 miles South-East of Mecca, Saudi Arabia +
Joyce's note: ' Mt Arafat thunderous ' → REFERENCE): In his early days as a shepherd Mohammed had lived much with nature; he had seen the pale dawn touch the grim summits of Mount Hira and Mount Arafat, had heard the thunder roll through the sounding passes of the hills.
shabby - discreditably inferior in quality, making a poor appearance + Joyce's note: 'Sheb (rock)'.

chorus + Joyce's note: 'Choraysh' (the entry is preceded by a cancelled 'K') + Gerausch (ger) - noise.

unqualified + Joyce's note: 'Khalif (successor)' + calif - the title given in Muslim countries to the chief civil and religious ruler, as successor of Muhammad + Kali - Hindu goddess of death and destruction.

Muslim muezzins + muezzin - in Muslim countries, a public crier who proclaims the regular hours of prayer from the minaret or the roof of a mosque.

blackguardize - to reduce to the condition of a blackguard + Joyce's note: 'inblack stone'.

hurtle
- to propel violently, catapult + turtle - to turn over.
righteousness - justice, uprightness, rectitude + Joyce's note: 'Islam (strife for righteousness)' → Holland 45: He did not pretend that the religion he taught was something new, but called it the faith of Abraham, and the particular name he gave it was Islam, which signifies "striving after righteousness."

Joyce's note: ' O Sustainer '] .

toothpick + Joyce's note: 'what time thou risest and in the night and at the fading of the stars'.

upon

featherbed - a bed stuffed with feathers + Holland 93: Mohammed enjoined his followers to pray five times a day. 1. Before sunrise. 2. When the sun has begun to decline. 3. In the afternoon. 4, A little after sunset. 5. At night fall. These are the regular hours of prayer to be observed by all good Moslems, but many follow the example of their Prophet, and pray at other times as well. For it is written, "Celebrate the praises of thy Lord what time thou risest and in the night and at the fading of the stars."

a nod is as good as a wink - a sign is all that is necessary + a nod is as good as a wink to a blind horse - a fanciful assertion, often abbreviated (a nod is as good as a wink) that the slightest hint is enough to convey one's meaning in the case.

nadir - point directly opposite the zenith + Joyce's note: 'Prayer is better than sleep' → Holland: The Story of Mohammed 94: (of Bilal, the first muezzin) Before the early morning prayer he added, "Prayer is better than sleep" + nabi ( Arabic) - prophet.

weswas (
Arabic ) - whisperer (an epithet of the devil)
Joyce's note: ' coffin between M & S ' ('M & S' not clear).

Joyce's note: ' bedouin '] + between

between the devil and the deep sea - between two comparable evils

+ jebel ( Arabic ) - mount.

+ Joyce's note: ' al Kaswa (the cropeared camel) '.

+ Joyce's note: ' camel shall decide ' → Holland 90: As Mohammed entered Medinah, he was beset on all sides by the invitations of the Faithful, pressing him to alight and enter their houses... But Mohammed, perhaps fearing to create jealousies by favouring one more than another, said: "The camel shall decide..."

Joyce's note: ' Friday mosque'

occasionally + Holland 84: Mohammed and the guide rode a camel called "Al-Kaswa," or the Crop-eared... Al-Kaswa came to be famous in the history of Islam, and carried the prophet in several of his battle.

Joyce's note: ' ansar helper ' → Holland 91: There were many exiles from Meccah, who had fled from the persecutions of the Kuraysh; they were known as the Muhajirin or Refugees, while the citizen of Medinah, who were converts, were called Ansars, or Helpers.

heed - to have a care, pay attention, take notice

have

extend - to widen the range, scope, area of application of (a law, operation, dominion, state of things, etc.)

'The Book of the Thousand Nights and a Night'

sore - painful, grievous + FDV: And, as sure as Eve Abe ate little bit Ivvy's red apples, wan warning Finn felt tippling full. His howth howd filled heavy, his hodd hoddit did shake. fell stottered from the latter. Damb! He was dead dudd . Dump Dumb! For all the world to see. There was a wall in course of erection. He

- be

abe
+ Adam
bend - curve

bay - an embankment or dam to retain water, or divert its course into a mill stream, etc.

Finn MacCumhaill (MacCool) - legendary Irish king

Miss Hooligan's Christmas Cake (song): a 19th Century broadside ballad from Scotland + REFERENCE + song Finnegan's Wake.

There was plumbs and grooms grumes and sheriffs and zitherers citherers & raiders and cittamen too. they all chimed And in with the shoutmost shoviality. 'Twas he was the dacent gaylabouring youth!

kingking (

kinkin - a small barrel, a keg + cinn ( kin) (gael) - head, principal; heads wail, lament +
Malay) - lift up a leg (as a dog does) + Kincora ( Weir Head, Co. Clare) - birthplace and royal seat of Brian Ború, High King of Ireland .

Brian O'Linn - Irish ballad hero, first to wear clothes, make them of simple materials like sheepskin, shells, etc. + Priam - last king of Troy, character of Homer's, Shakespeare's + Priomh Ollamh ( priv uluv) (gael)
- Chief Poet (highest rank in ancient Irish bardic system) + olim (l) - once.
Sharphen his pillowscone tap up his bier . Arrah where in this world would you hear such a din again? The owl whole hangsigns & the thirsty thirstey therstey fidelios! They laid him low lax along his last broadon his bed. With abuckalyps abucketlips of finisky at his feet & a barrowload of guinesis guenesis guennesis at his head. To Tee the total tootal of the fluid & the twaddle of the fuddled, O.

+ Stone of Destiny (Coronation Stone) brought from Scone in Scotland to Westminster Abbey (believed to be the same stone Jacob used as a pillow ( Genesis 28:11)).

brow - [= the second element in highbrow, low-brow, etc.] colloq. Level of intellectual attainment or interest + de profundis (l) - "from the depths": Opening of Ps. 130, traditionally said at wakes + The first four lines are from the song Finnegan's Wake and the fifth from Phil the Fluther's Ball: They wrapped him up in a nice clean sheet / And laid him out across the bed, / With a gallon of whiskey at his feet / And a barrel of porter at his head. / With the toot of the flute and the twiddle of the fiddle, O.

braw - fine, splendid, pleasant + bradan ( bradan) (gael) - salmon + brow down: i.e., face down.

over

Hurrah, there is but one globe for the owlglobe wheels anew which is testamount to the same thing as who shall see. He, a being so on the flat flounder of his bulk, away with far far , let wee peep at Hom, plate Ш back .

old

is

proverb As flat as a flounder (fish) + bulk - mass, extent.

(notebook 1924): ' *E* overgrown child '.

After much searching, Isis was able to gather together the pieces of Osiris, and added an artificial phallus. With the aid of words of magical power granted her by Thoth, she unified the parts of her brother husband and roused him. The image of Osiris' literal erection from the dead, effected by Isis in the shape of a bird is a vivid one. It is central to the cycle of Osiris, and important in FW. Mr. Slomczynski has discovered that, within the text of FW, we are referred to a photographic plate depicting the act. This happens at 6.32: "well, see peegee ought he ought, platterplate." If we observe the aural value of the phrase, and follow the suggestion of "see pg eighty-eight" in Moret's Rois et Dieux d'Egypte (1911, reprinted soon after the opening of Tutankhamen's tomb and popular at that time), we will find a "platterplate", that is a plate of "dished" or fallen Osiris, roused by Isis. This plate, reproduced here, is titled "The Wake of Osiris" ("Veillée funèbre d'Osiris-Ounnefer mort"). Mark L. Troy

- Iosada's [Iseult's] chapel; anglic. [ [] )] ] , about to believe.

Seipeal Iosaid ( shepel isid') (gael)
Chapelizod + FDV: or from Ashtun to or from the his baywinds [ shall wail him [ HoaHoahoath hoahoahoath! rockbound ( hoahoahoath! in swimswamswum & all the livvylong night [ her flitaflute the delldale HoaHoahoath [ in tricky trochees of blueorofbells ( how O carina! how O kitti issavan essavans & her patterjackmartins [ .] tilling Tilling a teel of a tub tum , telling a toll of a tears teary turdy Tublin .]]]]] For what we are, if we are and So pass the kish [& pooll the begg].
an area under the jurisdiction of a bailiff + Baile ( - Homestead; anglic. bolye) (gael) Bailey (lighthouse, Howth Head).

to foot the bill - to pay the bill

Ireland's

in-and-out ( Slang) - copulation.

gif - if, whether + it's

POOLBEG - Deep anchorage (Irish, "the little hole") in Dublin Bay beyond the Pigeonhouse. The Poolbeg lighthouse is at the end of the South Wall. Before the lighthouse, a Poolbeg lightship marked the anchorage.

baken ( + bake ( Dutch) - beacon Slang) - head.

Kennedy - Dublin baker

famous

But Holystone Holeystone , what do I see? In his reins is planted a 1/2d gaff. Not one but legion. The king of the castle is k.o. The almost rubicund salmon of But, that pyth behold of him nowheremore of his flowerwhite body all knowledge is one with the yesterworld of lo, as you would quaffoff of his fraudstuff and sink teeth through the of an earthenborn pan . Finnish.

bodey (obs) - body

photograph + REFERENCE + FDV: The Only a fadograph of yesterworld's a yesterworld .

Almost rubicund salmon, he ancient of the ages of the Agapemonites, he pales to kay oh, loaf, life & goodredherring schlook, slice & goodridherring

Salmo salar - the Linnaean name for the Atlantic salmon (both words being related to the Latin salire, "to leap") + REFERENCE

Military Slang) - Of meat or food: spoiled

(notebook 1924): ' brontosauros ' + FDV: We may see the brontoichthyan form outlined, & or aslumbered, even in our nighttime by the side of the troutlet stream that bronto loved and loves. What though she be in flags flitters, she rowdyrags or sundayclosies, with a mint of money or never a hapenny haypenny hapenny , yerra, we all love all of little Annie Ruiny, or I we mean to say lobble Nanny Anny Rainy, when under her brella, through piddle & poddle, she ninnygoes nannygoes nancing by. There Yaw!

Bronté family

choses (fr) - things

(

Little Annie Rooney
song): REFERENCE

under + unda (l) - wave.

umbrella

dancing

brontolone (it) - grumbler

Brontolone sleeps & snores in Benn Eder & in Seepeall of Iseut too. The cranial head of him, castle of his reason, look yonder. Howth?

Ben Edar - anciently Howth, said to be named for Edar, a Dedanaan chief, buried on the hill.

His lay clay feet, swarded with verdure, stick up where he last fell on em, by the hump of the magazine wall, where Maggy Maggies couldn't our seen all with her sister-in-shawl. help keep it at all

MAGAZINE FORT, PHOENIX PARK - At the SE corner of the "Fifteen Acres," on St Thomas's Hill in the Park. built on the site of the old Phoenix on Fionn Uisge House in 1801. The buildings of the Magazine are surrounded by a ditch and wall. Even in his madness, Swift quipped: "Behold a proof of Irish sense,/Here Irish wit is seen;/When nothing's left that's worth defence,/They build a magazine."

Wile over against this belle alliance beyind the Ill Sixty, bagsides of the fort, bom, tarabom, tarrarabom, are the ambushes the scene of the lying- lyffing -in-wait of the threetimesthree upjack & hackums .

Hill 60 - In WW I, an important feature of the Ypres salient, SE of Ypres. Changed hands many times in 1st (Oct-Nov' 14) and 2nd (Apr' 15) Battles of Ypres (not 3rd).

From here when the clouds roll by, jamey, a clear view is enjoyable of the mound's mounding's mixxt minxt the follyages, the pretties!

WELLINGTON MUSEUM - At Hyde Park Corner, London, the residence of the Duke of Wellington, purchased as a gift to him in 1820.

Waterloo

foliage

shilling

French pousser: to push).

museum + The Battle of Waterloo took place at nearby La Belle Alliance, 18 June 1815, where the British under Wellington and Prussians under Bhucher decisively defeated Napoleon and ended his power. The Waterloo Museum, at Mont St Jean, was established by Sgt Major Cotton of the 7th Hussars, who served under Wellington. Cotton published a guide to the battlefield, A Voice from Waterloo. The museum was no longer in existence when James Joyce visited the battlefield in 1926, but may have been known to him through the description in Hugo's Les Miserables.

French

SALO - Town, Lombardy, North Italy, 40 miles North-West of Mantua; site of French defeat by Austnians in Napoleon's siege of Mantua during the French Revolutionary War, 29 Jul 1796 + salus (l) - good health.

pike - a weapon consisting of a long wooden shaft with a pointed head of iron or steel + to put down one's knife and fork ( Slang) - to die.

Napoleon + linoleum - a kind of floor-cloth made by coating canvas with a preparation of oxidized linseed-oil + oleum (l) - oil.

Wellington's favorite horse, Copenhagen, was a chestnut, but Napoleon's (at Waterloo), Marengo, was white.

slaughter - the killing of large numbers of persons in war, battle, etc.; massacre, carnage.

QUATRE BRAS - Village South of the battlefield of Waterloo, where Wellington repelled the French under Ney on 16 June 1815, 2 days before the main battle, but then withdrew toward Waterloo.

is

boyne - a flat shallow tub or bowl + boys +
FDV: This is the first (placement of "hiena" doubtful) boyne hiena lipoleum grouching in the living ditch. This three lipoleums boyne hiena grouching in the living ditch.
enemy + inimicus (l) - enemy + FDV: [on his white harse. Tip. peg beg lipoleum murdering the lipoleum beg. This is the Delian alps sheltershocking the three lipoleums behind a crim crimmealine one]. [ This is the .] This is the gay first lipoleum boy that spy the Willingdone Williamstown many mantrment mantrument montrument mantrumon mantrumoney montrumeny lipoleum is nice old young bustellen . The Willingdone is an old

- astute, prudent + Tuathal (touch-hole (

tuachail ( tukhil) (gael)
tuhel) (gael) - People-mighty; anglic. Slang) - vulva. Toole +
Muschi (

Tomais ( tumash)
(gael) - Thomas + German Slang) - vulva.

Arminius (18 B.C - A.D. 21) - German chief who defeated Varus at Teutonberger Forest + Varus, Publius Quintilius (d. 9 AD.) - Roman general.

mons (l) - mountain + mons pubis - fatty tissue present in women above the pubic bone.

This is the jinnies making the Willingdone. with the legahorns legohorns their war oversides undersides undisides This is jinnies cooin her hands. This is jinnies ravin her hair. This is the big Willingdone tallowscoop upsides obscides on the jinnies. Tip.

strategy + strale (it) - arrow.

to get the wind up
- to get into a state of alarm or funk + git = get + to get wind of - to receive information or a hint of, to come to know + to get it up (Slang) - to have an erection + bander (fr) - to have an erection.

WELLINGTON MONUMENT - The 205-ft granite obelisk erected in 1817 in Phoenix Park. Visible from many parts of Dublin, it has been popularly called the "overgrown milestone." The sides display the names of the Iron Duke's victorious battles, and there are bronze bas-reliefs at the base.

telescope

abseits (ger) - aside

Excalibur - King Arthur's sword

me - my + FDV: This is the Belchiam taking a phillipy out of his bottle of Tiltsiter. This is the jinnies hasting dispatch fontannoy fortannoy the Willingdone. Dear Liffer Leaveher Awthur, Owthur field gates gaze your the tiny frow? They The jinnies think to they cotch the Willingdone.

Waterloo is of course in Belgium, and for some reason Napoleon appears in the Museyroom passage as "me Belchum." (Mink, Louis O. - A Finnegans wake gazetteer)

sneak - to move, go, walk, etc., in a stealthy or slinking manner + taking

philippy - love for or kindness to a horse or horses + Philip II of Macedon (reigned 359-336 B.C.) - father of Alexander the Great. For him the city of Philippi was named. When Philip was drunk, he condemned a woman unjustly. She said she would appeal from Philip Drunk to Philip Sober.

loot - to lurk, lie concealed; to make obeisance, to bow + routed - put to rout, compelled to flee in disorder.

hastings - early fruit of vegetables, early peas + casting - the assigning of parts to suitable actors and actresses + hasting - that hastes, speeding.

dispatch - to start promptly for a place, get away quickly; a written message sent off promptly or speedily.

irrigate - to supply with moisture; to drink, to take a drink + irritate

shirt front - that part of man's shirt which covers the chest and is more or less displayed, a dicky.

yaw - yawn + you

liberator

frow - woman, wife

hoogachtend (

hug - to clasp or squeeze tightly in the arms: usually with affection = embrace +
Dutch) - yours faithfully, yours truly.
stop + Napoleon + nap ( Slang) - catch veneral disease.

tactics

FONTENOY - Village, SW Belgium; scene of battle 11 May 1745, in which Marshal Saxe's French army including the Irish Brigade defeated an Anglo-Allied army under the Duke of Cumberland in the War of the Austrian Succession.

shee - she + shee ( he he - a representation of laughter, usually affected or derisive + Anglo-IrishPronunciation) - see.

agin - again + AGINCOURT - Village, North France, where the English under Henry V defeated the French, 25 Oct 1415.

gonn - to begin

boycrazy - (of a girl) eager to associate with boys

git - get + to get it up ( Slang) = bander ( French Slang) - to have an erection.

bode - messenger, herald + bod ( bud) (gael) - penis + FDV: dispatch dispatchback . Cherry jinny, damn fairy ann, voutre, Willingdone. Pip Tip .

bonnet - a cap of mail, a kind of helmet

busby - a tall fur cap, with or without a plume, having a bag hanging out of the top, on the right side.

to break words with - to exchange words with

secre = secret

herald - a messenger

dispatch - to send off post-haste or with expedition or promptitude (a messenger, message, etc. having an express destination)

display - to exhibit ostentatiously; to show off, make a show of

rare - the back part of something, rear

salamander - a woman who (ostensibly) lives chastely in the midst of temptations (obs.), a soldier who exposes himself to fire in battle + SALAMANCA - Spanish province and city; site of Wellington's victory oven France in the Penin War, 22 Jul 1812.

fichtre! (

victory! +
French) (euphemism for 'foutre') -the deuce!; fuck you! + Christ cursed the fig tree with barrenness ( Matthew 21:19).

vôtre ( French) - yours → yours faithfully → the Willingdone's closing compliment at the end of his dispatch to the Jinnies + foutre ( French) - to fuck → vous + foutre = fuck you! + outré ( French) - enraged.

tit for tat - an equivalent given in return + tic - obsession, fixation.

hee - he

weet - to know; wet + FDV: . Prooshing , Tip. This is rooshing balls. This the ffrinch! Tip. Guns Gunz this is jinnies in their ____ yalla bawn blootchers blooches harses, , this is the frinches lipoleums in the redditches rody rowdy hoses . Tip!

tweet - a chirping note, chirp

STAMFORD BRIDGE - Village, East Riding, Yorks, England; site of battle in 1066 in which Harold II defeated his brother and Harold Haardraade of Norway just before the Battle of Hastings.

camp - martial contest, combat, battle; the place where an army or body of troops is lodged in tents or other temporary means of shelter.

Guinness

stale - of beer: to become stale or old + + stale ( sell Anglo-IrishPronunciation) - steal.

store - to dose with (drugs or medicines) (obs.) + store stale stout.

Rooshian - Russian

ball - a missile (from canon, musket, pistol, etc.)

trinch - trench + French

missile - a missile object or weapon + troop - a body of soldiers + James Joyce: Ulysses.15.4606: 'Irish missile troops... Royal Dublin Fusiliers'.

poppy - characterized by popping or exploding (rare.) + James Joyce: A Portrait I: 'There's a tasty bit here we call the pope's nose... He held a piece of fowl up on the prong of the carving fork'.

indulgence - the practice or habit of indulging or giving way to one's inclinations.

TORRES VEDRAS - Town, West Portugal, noted for 28-mile stretch of fortifications begun in 1809 and extending to the Tagus River, from which Wellington hindered the French march against Lisbon in 1810 +
terra (l) - earth.
bonny - having a pleasing appearence

bawn = boon - advantageous, fortunate, favourable, prosperous + bawn ( Anglo-Irish) - white, fair, pretty (from Anglo-Irish: bán).

Blücher (1742-1819) - Prussian marshal who came to Wellington's aid at Waterloo. Bluchers are shoes.

rowdy - marked by disorderly roughness or noise

howse - house

splinter - fragment + FDV: This is the Willingdone order, fire! Tonerre! . ] bannockburns This is the smokings & froodenfihls & panicburns Brom Bromme Bromme, Cambromme! This is rinny jinny jinnies her away runaway This is the Willingdone, he cry, [ down dowan a bunkershill bunkersheels Dunderwetter cry: Underwetter

ton (

TONNERRE - Town, in North Burgundy, France. Not associated with any historic battle +
Dutch) - privy, barrel.

bullsear ( Anglo-Irish) - a clown (from Anglo-Irish: ballséir)

camelry - troops mounted on camels + cavalry

footer - one who goes on foot.

sulfairin ( sulfirin) (gael) - sulphur + dim. suffx +
-een ( Anglo-Irish ) - (diminutive) .

Thermopilae - Scene of battle between the Greeks and the Persians in 480 BC.

BANNOCKBURN - Town, central Scotland, 2½ miles South-East of Stirling; site of battle 23 June 1314 in which Robert Bruce routed the English under Edward II and took Stirling Castle.

ALMEIDA - Town, North-East Portugal, formerly fortress guarding North approach from Spain. Wellington captured it from the French, 10 May 1811.

ORTHEZ - Town, South-West France, where in 1814 Wellington defeated the French under Soult.

brum - to murmur, hum + Sainéan: + (onomat.) La Langue de Rabelais II.205: 'Brum, à brum! to recover from a mistake'.

Donnerwetter (ger) -
thunderweather + Unwetter (ger) - storm + under the weather - ill, drunk.

Gott strafe England! (ger) - "May God punish England!"

rin - run

AUSTERLITZ - Town, Czech, scene of battle 12 Dec 1805, in which Napoleon defeated Russians and Austrians.

BUNKER HILL - Hill, Charlestown area, Boston, Mass, US. American Revolutionary battle, 17 June 1775, known as "Bunker Hill," was actually on the adjacent Breed's Hill. The Royal Irish Regiment was part of British force. No one, including FW, is sure whether Israel Putnam actually said, "Don't fire until you see the whites of their eyes."

nip - to move rapidly or nimbly

nippy - marked by tendency to nip; brisk, quick

trip - the action of moving lightly and quickly

airy - light in movement or manner + song Tipperary: 'It's a long long way to Tipperary, But my heart's right there' (World War I marching song).

crape - a thin transparent gauze-like fabric + + cool crape ( drops Slang) - a shroud.

pour le pays (fr) - for the country

Otto von Bismarck - (1815 - 1898) European statesman of the 19th century. As Minister-President of Prussia from 1862 to 1890, he engineered the Unification of Germany. From 1867 on, he was Chancellor of the North German Confederation. When the German Empire was declared in 1871, he served as its first Chancellor.

marathon - applied to long-distance races or competitions calling for endurance.

brandish - to flourish, wave about (a sword, spear, dart, club, or other manual weapon) by way of threat or display, or in preparation for action + branlish (fr) - masturbate + se branler ( + FDV: French Slang) - to masturbate

divorsion - divorce + division

gamba (it) - leg + bariste (it) - barmaids + arista (it) - chine (backbone and adjoining flesh) of pork.

Della Porta, Giovanni Battista (1538 - 1615) - Italian natural philosopher and playwright. His works include I'Due Fratelli rivali+ pòrca (it) - sow, she-pig.

TALAVERA DE LA REINA - Town, cenral Spain, 65 miles South-West of Madrid. Site of one of Wellington's great victories against the French, commanded by King Joseph Bonaparte, 27-28 July 1809 + da vere femmine (it) - just like women.

VIMEIRO - Village, Western Portugal, 32 miles North-West of Lisbon; site of victory of Wellington over the French, 21 Aug 1808 + fur immer (ger) - for ever.

petty - small, of small importance, minor, inferior

CAPE OF GOOD HOPE - SW coast of Cape Province, Republic of South Africa; originally named Cabo Tormentoso (Cape of Storms) by Bartholomeu Diaz, 1488. The ship of the Flying Dutchman was usually sighted in the latitudes of the Cabo Tormentoso.

stonewall - Used as an epithet for one who seeks to confound by dogged resistance. Chiefly applied to Thomas Jonathan ('Stonewall') Jackson (1824-63), Confederate general during the American Civil War.

hung ( Slang) - (of a male) having large genitals + young

busheller - one who repairs garments for tailors + bachelors

American humorist Finley Peter Dunne is creator of Irish-American bartender Mr Dooley and Mr Hennessy; among his works are
Mr Dooley in Peace and War.
alout - to stoop, to bow down + This is the three little lopoleums. the Willingdone, this is the get the funk from the hinnessy. This is the hindoo Shim Shin aloud + FDV: This is lipoleum lipeleum hennessy hinnessy that spy the Willingdone on his big white harse. that spy laughing spying that Tip. This is the hinnessy lipsyg dooley with his tubabine between the dooleyboy hiena & the hinnessy. Tip.

Leipzig (ger) -

Samar Singh (Hindustani) - typical name for a soldier (literally 'lion in battle')

threefold - having three parts + FDV:
This is the Willingdone, he laugh that his & pick up a flag hat -o'- the-ffrinch lipoleums.
. This is the Willingdone hang the o'

Ranji ("Jam Sahib") - Rajput cricketer, played for England, made over 3,000 runs + FDV:
half of a flag hat on the lipoleum at the tail on white wide at white harse. the backend of his big

hank - to fasten with a hank

culpa (l) - fault

, [ [

waggle - to move (anything held or fixed at one end) to and fro with short quick motions, or with a rapid undulation; esp. to shake (any movable part of the body) + FDV:
This the harse of the Willingdone wangling his tailiscrupp tailoscrupp hattermad madrashattaras pumpt pumpim upjump & [, like Bukkarru Pukkarru! as he cry to the Willingdone. [ Ap] Pukka] Yurep!]]

sepoy - a native of India serving in the british army

"

Up guards and at 'em!" - Wellington's order in the last charge at Waterloo.

ABOUKIR (ABUKIR) - Bay and village, 13 miles North-East of Alexandria, Egypt. In A Bay was fought the "Battle of the Nile" (1798) in which Nelson defeated the French fleet. Later, Napoleon defeated Turks (1799) and Sir Ralph Abercromby defeated French (1801) there.

matchbox

shimmer - a shimmering light or glow; a subdued tremulous light

shine

BUSACO - Sierra de Busaco, Portugal, site of battle, 27 Sept 1810, in which Wellington repulsed a French attack.

usted (sp) - you (formal)

lipoleum off lipoleum off

do for - to ruin, damage or injure fatally; to act for or in behalf of + FDV:
shoot the hat of lipoleums off the tail & the whole of the half hat of back the end of the tale of the of the big wide harse. Tip. This way the mewseyroom . Mind your boots going out. blow o' backend back of the big wide harse. Tip. This way the mewseyruin the whole of the half hat . Mind your boots going out. the end of the tale of the

bullseye - the center of a target, a shot that hits a bull's eye

candlelight

windy - window; a tall story; a piece of boasting or exaggeration

vagrant - one who wanders or roams about; wandering, straying, roving + WAGRAM - Village, Austria, 12 miles North-East of Vienna. Napoleon defeated the Austrian army there on 5-6 July 1809 + FDV:
The wind is so westerly sowesterly oak - around the downs & on every blasted knolly- rock kickalittle stuck high eatlittle little poor little fine little slick little civil little late little nice little swell little waitlittle a runlittle dolittle preelittle porelittle wipelittle pickalittle dinelittle pinelittle pilfalittle gnarlybird . leavenalittle
piltdown - the name of a village in Sussex, England (piltdown man) [ (notebook 1924): ' Piltdown man (Sussex)'; (notebook 1924): '150,000 Piltdown (Sussex)'] .

knolly - full or abounding in knolls or hillocks

spy - to catch sight of, to discover + Spy, Man of - prehistoric fossils were found in the Belgian cave of Spy.

gnarly - covered with protuberances; distorted, twisted + barley bird - name given locally to various birds appearing about the time of barley-sowing, as the wryneck, siskin, greenfinch, and sometimes the nightingale.

pree - to try what (a thing) is like esp. by tasting

pelf - to spoil, rob

veritable

bleak - barren, dismal + blackbird - a well-known European song-bird, a species of thrush.

Rothschild - one who resembles a member of the Rothschild family in being exceptionally rich; a millionaire + wroth - angry, filled with wrath.

flap - to beat the wings, of a bird: To make way by flapping the wings

debacle - a sudden breaking up or downfall; a confused rush or rout

the

niver - never + FDV:
She never comes out when Thon's there or on show shower or when Thon's a on flash with Thon's the tindergiris or when Thon's blowing thonders on Thon's gaelaboys gaelieboys down the gaels of Thon .

thon - the one yonder, that + Thonar or Thon - god worshipped in England and on the Continent, maybe a form of Thor because his name is that of the Teutonic word for "thunder".

nixie - a female water elf

) fog + liv (

not on your life - by no means, not on any account + nebula (l) - mist, vapor, fog +
nebla ( Rhaeto-Romanic Danish) - life.
. [[

mooch - to pretend poverty, sneak, steal + muchly - much, exceedingly + FDV:
coacher's lamp to see Cartridges & ratlin buttins & nappy boots & & clavicurds & scampulars She brings us her We know all men by these her presents from the goneaway past how there'll be eggs for the brekkers come to mourning. the] the hun. For the] the hun.]] gall & gall & For & piles of pennies & [ moonlit] brooches with [ bloodstaned] breeks in em & maps & keys & the last sigh that came from the heart & the first sin the sun saw. there's wherever the gale seek guess find

Fee Fi Fo Fum - in the English folktale Jack and the Beanstalk, when the giant smells Jack, he declares: "Fee-fi-fo-fum, I smell the blood of an Englishman. Be he alive or be he dead, I'll grind his bones to make my bread." The giant then tells his wife, "I smell an English man. I am sure I am right this time. Cook him for my supper" + fè( Rhaeto-Romanic) - faith + fö( Rhaeto-Romanic) - fire + fom( Rhaeto-Romanic) - hunger + William Shakespeare: King Lear III.4.174: 'Fie, foh, and fum'.

jist - just

hope - to expect with desire, or to desire with expectation; to look forward to.

peri - in Persian Mythology, one of a race of superhuman beings, originally represented as of evil or malevolent character, but subsequently as good genii, fairies, or angels, endowed with grace and beauty + very - possessing the true character of the person or thing named + perí ( Czech) - feather + peri ( Hebrew) - fruit.

godmother - a female sponsor considered in relation to her god-child + peri potmon (gr) - concerning fate, about death.

pik (

Pringle, Sin John (1707-82) - according to Mr Knuth, a Scottish doctor, author of Observations on the Diseases of the Army in Camp and Garrison. His biographer was Andrew Kippis +
pinglopiki ( Esperanto ) - pinprick + Dutch) - penis; peck.

i land ( Danish) - on land + i skip ( Danish) - on board ship + kip ( Dutch) - hen + landscape

peewee - a lapwing, the thin wailing cry of this bird; applied to a small child; spec. A small marble.

powwow - the working of cures; 'medicine'

flick - any sudden movement, a jerk

flask - a bottle, usually of glass, of spheroidal or bulbous shape, with a long narrow neck.

fleck - particle, to flutter about, to jerk, to move with quick vibrations + fling - to throw, cast, toss, hurl

pixilated - mentally somewhat unbalanced, confused, inchanted, bewitched; drunk.

pact + pack - a package, parcel, esp. one of considerable size or weight.

euhemerema (gr) - success, good luck

peck - Of birds: To take (food) with the beak

plunder - robbery, pillage

tonight

milito (

milito (l) - to be a soldier +
Esperanto) - war + paco ( Esperanto) - peace + paucus (l) - few, a little + puknos (gr) - close, compact.

tomorrow

merry Christmas

gorgeous

truce - a suspension of hostilities for a specified period between armies at war, peace.

childer - children

celebrate

coacher - the driver of a coach

headlights - two powerful lamps carried on the front of a motor vehicle

pry - to look esp. to look closely or curiously

aroon (

Siul, siul, siul a run, Siul go socair Agus siul go ciuin ( shul shul shul/arun/shul go sukir/ogus shul gu kyun) (gael) - Go, go, go my dear, Go securely And go calmly (a song) +
Anglo-Irish) - beloved (from Anglo-Irish: a rún).

knapsack - a bag or case of stout canvas or leather, worn by soldiers, strapped to the back and used for carrying necessaries; any similar receptacle used by travellers for carrying light articles.

cartridge - the case in which the exact charge of powder for fire-arms is made up.

+ FDV:

rattling buttons +
(notebook 1923): 'ratlins' ratlin buttins & nappy boots & flags flasks of all nations & clavicurds & scapu scampulars & piles of pennies & [moonlit] brooches with [bloodstaned] breeks in em & maps & keys & the last sigh that came from the heart & the first sin the sun saw.
nappy - having a nap, shaggy, fuzzy + nap - a special surface given to cloth of various kinds by artificial raising of the short fibres, with subsequent cutting and smoothing.

spattee - formerly, an outer stocking or legging worn by women for protection against wet and cold.

clavichord - a musical instrument with strings and keys + claviculer - a key keeper, turnkey + clavicula (l) - small key.

scapular - a short cloak covering the shoulders; prescribed by the Rule of St. Benedict to be worn by monks when engaged in manual labour.

woodpile - a pile of wood (as firewood)

hapenny - half penny

moonlet - a little moon

brooch - an ornamental fastening, consisting of a safety pin, with the clasping part fashioned into a ring, boss, shield, or other device of precious metal or other material, artistically wrought, set with jewels, etc.

bloodstone - a name applied to certain precious stones spotted or streaked with red, supposed in former times to have the power of staunching bleeding, when worn as amulets + stane - stone.

breeks - breeches + break - something abruptly breaking the line, or level; an irregularity, roughness, knot, etc.

boaston = boston - a card game + BOSTON - Seaport city, capital of Mass, US, home of the former Boston Evening Transcript.

chaussettes (fr) - socks

nack - an acquired faculty of doing something cleverly or successfully

cate - an article of food, choice food; cat

howitzer - a short piece of ordnance, usually of light weight, specially designed for the horizontal firing of shells with small charges, and adapted for use in a mountainous country.

midge - a popular name loosely applied to many small gnat-like insects; an artificial fly for fishing.; a diminutive person.

magget = maggot

ell - a measuring rod = ell-wand + elle (fr) - she.

pleura (gr) - rib + pleur (fr) - tear.

Gwynn:

beautiful +
(notebook 1924): ' booty & beauty ' + The History of Ireland 9: 'The rulers of Ireland, whose wars with one another for land and for booty are described in the romances, were Gaelic by blood'.

true to - consistent with, exactly agreeing with

historic present (tense) - grammarians' term for Latin historians' use of present tense to vivify narrative of past actions.

post prophesy - to prophesy after the event

lordy - exp. of surprise or astonishment + heir - inheritor.

lady's maid - a woman servant whose special duty it is to attend to the toilet of a lady.

a nice or pretty kettle of fish - an awkward state of things, a 'muddle'.

In the midst of life we are in death (from the 'Order for the Burial of the Dead').

laff - laugh

plore - to weep, wail

naperon - apron

sabots (fr) - wooden shoes

Grick - Greek

Trojan - an inhabitant or native of Troy

sides

byway - a secondary or little known aspect or field

improvidence - unforeseeing

cell - a small apartment, room, or dwelling

wimman - woman + old woman's story - a foolish story.

run away with - to carry off (something)

min - mind, memory, intention + min ( Anglo-Irish Pronunciation) - men + min ( Dutch) - love; wet nurse.

smooth - using specious or attractive language; plausible, bland, insinuating, flattering, (usually with implication of insincerity or selfish designs).

behind (one's) back - after one has left (a company), in one's absence

butteler - butler (a servant who has charge of the wine-cellar and dispenses the liquor).

ye - you

tin - money, cash

mercenary - working merely for the sake of monetary or other reward, actuated by considerations of self-interest.

liquidation - the action or process of ascertaining and apportioning the amounts of a debt, the clearing off or settling (of a debt).

nare - were not; never

eyebrow

eyelash

place + face.

+ Whatarwelter, Herrschuft - plays about with German

Herr (ger) -
mister, gentleman + Schuft (ger) - rogue, scoundrel + Herrschaft (ger) - mastery Der Herr schuf die Welt ("The Lord created the world"), with Schuft, "rascal"; Weltherrschaft is "domination of the world." See Letters, I, 248. (Glasheen, Adaline / Third census of Finnegans wake)

welter - the rolling, tossing, or tumbling (of the sea or waves)

vesta - a kind of wax match

hire - to procure the temporary use of (any thing) for stipulated payment.

sarch - search

to warm the cockles of one's heart - to rejoice, delight + cockle - a kind of stove for heating apartments.

piff - an imitation of various sounds = piff paff + piffer (fr) - to smell.

puff - to blow short blasts (with mouth or bellows) upon (a fire) to make it burn up (obs.)

poff - puff (obs.)

awkward - lacking dexterity or skill in performing their part; clumsy in action, bungling.

remonstrancer - one who makes reproof, complaint (to some authority), raise an objection, urges strong reasons against a course of action.

brekker - breakfast (slang)

hind - a servant, a married and skilled farm workman; situated behind.

behaviourism - a theory and method of psychological investigation based on the study of behaviour + favourite + FDV: The best cheapest plan is to tour round east & north & to the of two mounds. Pardon. Behold this sound of Irish sense. Really? Here English might be seen. Royally? _____ A sovereign punned to paltry pence. Regally? A silence makes a scene. Behold! / Hush! Caution! Echoland! the review

bandy - a game, also called bandy-ball, in which a small ball is driven to and fro over the ground, with bent club sticks, by two sides of players.

frute - frog, toad

firstling - the first of its kind to be produced, come into being, or appear, the first product or result of anything.

tithe - the tenth part of the annual produce of agriculture, etc., being a due or payment (orig. in kind) for the support of the priesthood, religious establishments, etc.

review - the act of looking over something (again), with a view to correction or improvement + REVUE DES DEUX MONDES
(literally French 'Review of the Two Worlds') - A journal of literature, history, art, and science, published in Paris since 1831.

at six and seven - in disorder, confused

colleen ( cailin (

colline - a small hill +
Anglo-Irish) = kolin) (gael) - girl.

breech - to cover or clothe with, or as with, breeches

swish - a hissing sound

satin - a woman's satin dress

taffeta - a crisp plainwoven fabric

tights - a tight fitting breeches

strake - strike; a strip of land, a beam of light

by order - without delay, immediately

ARBOUR HILL - Dublin station, runs North of Marlborough (now Collins) Barracks to Stoneybatter.

gambol - to leap or spring, in dancing or sporting

SUMMERHILL - Street, and the adjoining district, North-East Dublin, which continues Parnell Street to Ballybough Road at the Royal Canal.

Olaf the White - became first Norse king of Dublin, ca 852. According to Giraldus Cambrensis, three brothers, Olaf, Ivor, Sitric, built the cities of Dublin, Limerick, Waterford.

to scrape along - to manage or 'get along' with difficulty

to squeeze out - to reduce to, or bring into, a specified condition by pressure, to drain or exhaust in this way.

salve - to heal, remedy, mend, make good, make up, smooth over

rabulous - using such language as only the licence of a buffoon can warrant; characterized by coarseness or indecency of language, esp. in jesting and invective; coarsely opprobrious or jocular + Romulus and Remus - twins, suckled by a she-wolf, who began to found Rome together. Romulus killed Remus, founded Rome by himself, and became its first king.

griddle = gridiron (obs.) - a cooking utensil formed of parallel bars of iron or other metal in a frame, usually supported on short legs, and used for broiling flesh or fish over a fire.

dormant - sleeping, lying asleep or as asleep + mont (fr) = Berg (ger) - mountain.

behove - to have use for or need to, to require + Magazine Wall in Phoenix Park on Thomas Hill, "the finest site in all the district, commanding an unrivalled view of Dublin city, the Liffey valley, and the mountains and country to the southward." This splendid natural stage saw the drama of human futility that caused Swift to write: "Behold a proof of Irish sense,/Here Irish wit is seen,/Where nothing's left that's worth defense,/They build a magazine."

punned - p. of pun (to beat, to pound, to make puns) + pound

Peter's penny - an annual tax or tribute of a penny from each householder having land of a certain value, paid before the Reformation to the papal see at Rome.

fake - an act of 'faking'; a contrivance, 'dodge', trick, invention

Dublin

outwash - material carried out from the glacier by melt water + that used to be blurring on the blotchwall of his innkempt house. Used they? (? ( to wash out - to obliterate + FDV: How charmingly exquisite! It reminds you of the fading engraving engravure he we I am sure that [ tiring] tramp [ with the chocolate box [, Miny Mitchel,]] was listening.) I say, the remains of the famous gravemures where used to be blurried the Tollmens of the Incabus. Used He is only pretending to be sounding his tugging at the box harp from a second tired listener. Fiery Phil Fergus Far relly ) It is well known. Look for himself. See? By the mausoleme mausolime wall. Finnfinn Fimfim Fannfann fimfim . With with a grand funferall. Fumfum fumfum!

engravure - an egraving

blur - to make blurs in writing; to obscure or sully (what has been fair) by smearing with ink or other colouring liquid.

back wall + blotch - a large irregular spot or blot of ink, colour, etc.

unkempt - neglected, not cared for

chapel + shoveller - one who walks lazily; one who intrudes + FDV: I am sure that [tiring] tramp [with the chocolate box [, Miny Mitchell,]] was listening.

outworn - obliterated by the action of time

mure - a wall; mire (a mass of dirt); moor (uncultivated ground covered with heather).

buried

incubus - a feigned evil spirit or demon (originating in personified representations of the nightmare) supposed to descend upon persons in their sleep, and especially to seek carnal intercourse with women.

pretendent - pretender, claimant, one who lays a claim at something, one who simulates.

stug - to stab, pierce + FDV: (He is only pretending to be sounding his tugging at the box harp from a second tired listener. Fiery Phil Fergus Farrelly ) It is well known. Look for himself. See? By the mausoleme mausolime wall. Finnfinn . Fimfim . Fannfann fimfim . With with a grand funferall. Fumfum fumfum!

fiery - burning, blazing, red, full of spirit, emotion, etc.

butte - an isolated hill with steep sides

mausoleum - the magnificent tomb of Mausolus

funeral + funfair - a fair which is devoted to amusements.

fumfum - expressing the sound of a stringed instrument; a thumping or beating.

optophone - an instrument by which light variations are converted into sound variations so that blind person is enabled to locate and estimate varying degrees of light.

list - listen

Wheatstone - English scientist

magic eye - a miniature cathode-ray tube used as a tuning indicator on a radio receiver, or to indicate the correct adjustment of other electrical equipment.

lyer - liar

tuggle - to struggle, labour, to drag about + FDV: They will be tuggling forever. They will be listling forever. They will be pretumbling forever. The Their harpsichord harpsdischord will be theirs forever.

discord - disagreement or want of harmony between two or more musical notes sounded together; dissonance.

Herodotus - Greek historian of the fifth century b.c. + Dyfflinarsky hereditary + FDV: And four Four things , saith Mamalu therefore Mamalujius these four in to four of them four Erins .] in his Grand Old Historiorum writ by Boriorum, sall ne'er fail till [the] heathersmoke & the cloudweed Eire's isle Sall hide. [ And here now they are the

mammon - wealth, money + Mark, Mathew, Luke, Jo hn

best + blue - depressing, unpromising, boring.

baile - dance, a social gathering for dancing

annals - historical records generally

Dyfflinarsky - the area around Dublin

sall - shall

Eire - Ireland isle

ile - isle

pall - to cover with a pall (a rich cloth spread upon or over something; a coverlet); something, such as a cloud, that extends over a thing or region and produces an effect of gloom.

toties (l) - so many times, as many times

unum (l) - one

boss - spec. A hump or hunch on the back (obs.) + FDV: A swellhead swelledhead bulbenhead on surmounting surmounted

surmount - to mount, rise, or ascend above (also fig.), also, to reach or extend above, surpass in height, be higher than, overtop, to mount upon, get on the top of.

alderman - a senior, signor, superior, ruler; a noble or person of high rank.

duum (l) - of two

nizam (arab) - order + nisan - 7th month of c. year and 1. of ecc. year (jew.)

puir - poor + Poor Old Woman or Shan Van Vocht - Ireland (poetically).

woman

trium (l) - of three

auburn - of a golden-brown or ruddy-brown colour

maid

pride

brine - the water of the sea; the sea

desart = desert - to abandon, forsake

quodlibet (l) - as many as one pleases, what you please + quodlibet - 1) a philosophical argument or debate, especially as an exercise; 2) a humorous medley of tunes.

marcheshvan - 2th and 8th month

penn - pen (obs.)

idler - one who is idle + FDV: The Annals tell bring how / 1132 AC AB Men wondern a of this year a crone that hadde a wickered kish for to hale gnats to ants Bloaty Blubber Blubby wares like . / 566 A.C. all over on B.A. groot Wide Wallfisch that lay in a Runnel. On Bell Baalfirenacht Ballfireeve full rich sackvulle of swalle swart shoon quickenshoon on at Hurdlesford. / [Silent] dead turves from the bog lookit under the blay of her kish as she ran & found herself goody & smalle illigant brogues. Bluchy works

innocent + innocens (l) - harmless + Innocent - thirteen popes, one antipope; Innocent II, who opposed Anacletus, the antipope, in 1132.

popeye - a staring bulging eye + Popeye - of "Thimble Theatre", American comic strip.

antipope - one claiming to be pope in opposition to the pope chosen

boke - vomit, belch + Book of the Dead

fossil - fosil

wandern (ger) - wander

hwide - hide + hvid (white + Danish) - white

whalefish - a whale + whall - wall + fisk ( ) - fish + Walfisch (ger) - whale + Danish : 'A great famine relieved by a prodigious shoal of fish, called Turlehydes, being cast on shore at the mouth of the Dodder. They were from 30 to 40 feet long, and so thick that men standing on each side of one of them, could not see those on the other. Upwards of 200 of them were killed by the people'. Annals of Dublin record

runnel - a small watercourse or channel, a gutter; a small stream of water, rivulet.

bloody + blub - swollen, puffed.

ware - seaweed; esp. large drift seaweed used as manure; A collective term for: Articles of merchandise or manufacture; vessels, etc., made of baked clay.

Baal

crone - a withered old woman

wickered - made of wicker (a pliant twig or small rod, usually of willow, esp. as used for making baskets).

kish - a large square wicker basket used in Ireland for carrying peat.

hale - to draw or pull along, or from one place to another

blay - the name of a small fish, the bleak; dark, gray, black + Baile Atha Cis (' → blaakish) (gael) - Town of the Ford of Wickerwork (Dublin) + Joyce's note: ' blay Irish Independent 23 Jan 1924, 1/6: 'McGuires Great Sale Offers': 'Unbleached Twill Sheets. 1,500 pairs of Good Blay Sheets for Single Beds. Sale Price Each... 2/3'.

curiosity

sawl - soul

sackful - the quantity that fills a sack + vull - full + Sackvllle, Lionel Cranfield, 1st duke of Dorset - Irish viceroy (1750-54). Sackville (now O'Connell) Street bore his name.

quicken - arouse, excite, revive, hasten, to shine brightly + shoon - dial. pl. of found herself shoe + FDV: full rich sackvulle of swalle swart shoon quickenshoon and & on at Hurdlesford. goody smalle illigant brogues. Bluchy works

illigant - elegant

blurry - blurred

Town of the Ford of the Hurdle - Dublin

brazen - resembling brass in colour + lock - one of the portions into which a head of hair, a beard, etc., naturally divides itself; a tress. In pl. often = the hair of the head collectively.

damsel - a young unmarried woman

grieve - to feel grief, to be mentally pained or distressed, to sorrow deeply.

sobre las olas (sp) - over (on) the waves

minion - darling, favourite, a lover

ravished - carried away by force; violated; ravaged

ogre - a man-eating monster, usually represented as a hideous giant, a man likened to such a monster in appearance or character.

purpose + pia e pura bella - Vico's Latin catch-phrase for holy wars: 'pious and pure wars' + Vico's pura et pia bella (see New Science, 958, 1049) - In FW the phrase is sometimes used for a girl's name - say, Issy or Stella - and ought, I'm sure, to connect with Plurabelle. It must be remembered that a girl, Biddy O'Brien, caused the war at Finnegan's wake. (Glasheen, Adaline / Third census of Finnegans wake) + Purpeus (l) - Fire-eye + Purpeous Pius (l) - Fire-eye the Dutiful.

pious - faithful to religious duties and observances; devout; dutiful, duteous; epithet used of Aeneas by Vergil; title affected by the emperors from Antoninus (a.d. 86-161) onward; name of 12 popes the first appearing in the year of the Lord (a.d.).

BAILE ÁTHA CLIATH - Dublin

goodman - husband, innkeeper, landlord + FDV: 1132 A.D. D.O. Two sons at one time hour were born to a goodman & his wife hag . There were name Caddy & Primas. Primo Primas was a gentleman & came of sentryman & drilled by decent dacent people. Caddy went to Winehouse & wrote a piece peace of fun farce . Blooty worse words in Ballyaughacleeagh in Ballyaughacleeaghbally . Blooty words for Dublin.

hag - an ugly, repulsive old woman: often with implication of viciousness or maliciousness; an evil spirit, dæmon, or infernal being, in female form; woman supposed to have dealings with Satan and the infernal world; a witch; sometimes, an infernally wicked woman.

caddy - lad, a military cadet, one who takes odd jobs

blotty - dauby + Rocky Road to Dublin - the road of the well-known ballad may preserve a memory of the ancient Slighe Cualan, which reached the ford of the hurdles from Tara by something like the route of Stoneybatter. The road of the ballad is from Tuam to Dublin via Mullingar.

parent - apparent

ginn - gin + GINNUNGA GAP - In Norse myth, the eternal region of chaos between Niflheim, North region of mist and cold, and Muspelheim, South region of heat. Localized as the North Atlantic between Greenland and Labrador + Sullivan: 'the larger figure was a later addition in order to fill a space left vacant when the original artist had touched the Manuscript for the last time... we can almost see from the illumination itself the very place where he was hurried from his work' The Book of Kells 11: .

antediluvian - concerning or referring to the period before the Flood

Anno Domini - in the year of the Christian era

copyist - one who copies or imitates; esp. one whose occupation is to transcribe documents.

scroll - a roll of paper or parchment, usually one with writing upon it + Sullivan: 'The last few leaves of the Manuscript... have been missing for many years'). The Book of Kells 4:

billy - fellow; companion; a bludgeon; also (U.S.), a policeman's truncheon.

elk - the largest existing animal of the deer kind

satrap - a subordinate ruler; often suggesting an imputation of tyranny or ostentatious splendour.

wright - a constructive workman + (notebook 1924): ' Worldwright ' → Jespersen: The Growth and Structure of the English Language 164 (sec. 162): 'Old English had various methods of forming nouns to denote agents... from... wyrhta 'wright' (in wheelwright, etc.)'

excelsus (l) - high + excelsissimus (l) - very highest.

bolt - thunderbolt, a lightning stroke

earthquake

pan - face, cranium + upon

suicide + scribe - a scrap of writing.

fine - end, close; a sum paid for exemption from punishment; a sum of money paid for any benefit or favor + Joyce's note: ' I. Scand in moyenage killing = fine 4/6 / Eng 19th Cent steal 4/6 = death ' → Gwynn: The History of Ireland 25: 'the law which laid down that killing should be atoned for by a fine, legally fixed - as was the usage in Ireland so long as the native law lasted... It was followed through all Scandinavia throughout the Middle Ages, and although it has been described as barbarous, it is less so than the excessive use of capital punishment characteristic of English law, under which even in the nineteenth century pocket-picking or sheep-stealing was punishable with death'.

mark - 160 pence (value of mark weight in pure silver) + mark weight - 8 ounces.

upshoot - outcome, final result

scaffold - an elevated platform on which a criminal is executed + to bring or send to the scaffold - 'to be executed'.

covertly - in a concealed manner; secretly, privately

meddlement - meddling, interference

drawers - an undergarment for the lower part of the body

wife +
(notebook 1924): ' Liam O'Flaherty Thy Neighbour's Wife ' + Exodus 20:17: 'thou shalt not covet thy neighbour's wife' (9th Commandment, according to Roman Catholic tradition).
farfetched - improbable, not natural, from remote time or place + Annals of the Four Masters was compiled in the Franciscan monastery of Donegal by four or five masters whose names vary from list to list. Mr O Hehir gives the names used in FW as Michael O'Clery, Farfassa O'Mulcnory, Peregrine O'Duignam, and Conry, who may be Conry O'Clery.

peregrine - roving, alien (adj.)

clere - clear

(notebook 1924): '
liberflavus ' + lividus (l) - bluish + Liber Lividus (l) - Blue Book → Ulysses , which was first published with a blue dustjacket (the colour of the Greek flag) and was regarded as a "blue book" (i.e. an obscene or pornographic book) → FW 013.21 bluest book on the previous page.
paisible - peaceable + FDV: in grayquiet , selfstretches Yet how Peaceably eirinical all dimmering downs dunes & gloamering glades the tulipair tulips twolips amass themselves at Rush the cornflowers have been staying at Ballymun, the afore us this freedland's plain. Since the high old times of Hebear and Hairyman dogrose duskrose has chosen choosed out Goatstown crossroads, twolips have pressed togatherthem by sweet Rush , the place for townland of twilights twinlights , and the whitethorn and redthorn have fairygayed the valleys mayvalleys of Knockmaroon and though, for rings round them during a hundred thousand yeargangs, the Formoreans have brittled the Tooath of the Danes and the Oxmen Oxman have has been pestered by the Firebugs & the Joynts have given thrown up wallmaking & Little on the Green is childsfather of the city, their these paxsealing buttonholes have quadruled across the centuries and here now whiff to us fresh & made-of-all-smiles as on the day of combat Killallwhoo .

toh! (it) - look!

eirenical - peaceful, harmonical

dimmer - to appear dimly, faintly, or indistinctly

dune - an ancient hill fortress in Ireland; a mound of drifted sand

gloam - to darken, to become dark + glimmering

glade - a clear open space or passage in a wood or forest

frede - to be sensible of, feel + Fried- (ger) - peace + fred ( faedreland ( Friedland - Commune in East Prussia. Napoleon defeated Russians under General Bennigsem, 14 June 1807. Norwegian) - peace + Danish) - Fatherland → Ireland, whose five fifths (the five provinces of the early Christian period) are enumerated in the following five phrases +

nibble - to bite away little by little

viridity - a quality or state of being green, greenness (i.e. green vegetation) + viridis (l) - green.

herbtrinity - plant with violet flowers

sham - to be or to produce a deceptive imitation of, to feign

lowliness - meekness, humility + loveliness - the quality of being lovely, exquisite beauty.

cornflower - plant with blue, pink or white rays

muskrose - (so called from its musky odour) a rambling rose (Rosa moschata), having large fragrant white flowers, in panicled clusters.

sweetrush - a marsh herb with long leaves + RUSH - Village and seaside resort, County Dublin, 18 miles North of Dublin.

townland - in Ireland, A division of land of varying extent; also, a territorial division, a township.

twined - that has been twined, in various senses of the verb; twisted, plaited, curled, coiled, wreathed, etc.

witethorn - a hawthorn

figure - to adorn or mark with figures, to embellish or ornament with a design or pattern.

maroon - a large kind of sweet chestnut native to Southern Europe

chiliad - 1000 years

perihelion - that point in the orbit of a planet at which it is nearest to the sun + perihelios (gr) - around-the-sun.

brittle - to cut to pieces

oxman - a man who tends or drives oxen

throw up - to erect or construct hastily; to cease definitely to do, quit, give up + FDV:
Joynts have given thrown up wallmaking

jerrybuild - to build flimsily of materials of poor quality

pax (l) - peace

quadrille - to dance quadrilles (a square dance, of French origin, usually performed by four couples, and containing five sections or figures, each of which is a complete dance in itself).

whiff - a slight puff or gust of wind, a breath

waft - to blow softly, to send through the air

(notebook 1924): ' Killaloe '] combat Killallwho + FDV:

Babel - the city and tower, of which the attempted construction is described in Genesis xi, where the confusion of languages is said to have taken place; a confused assemblage.

thug - gangster

Houyhnhnm - The name given by Swift in Gulliver's Travels to one of a race of beings described as horses endowed with reason and bearing rule over a degraded brutish race of men, called the Yahoos.

Sodom - an extremely wicked or corrupt place. Freq. coupled with Gomorrah, the name of the other of the two wicked cities of the plain in Gen. xviii-xix.

comely - having a pleasing appearence

thaw - to abandon aloofness, reserve or hostility, to become softened in feelings.

sussurrare ( Italian) - to whisper.

sought - p. od seek

brune - dark, brown, black + The blond invaders (comely norgels or Norse) desire the brunette women of Ireland.

Else kiss thou may

piggy - a little pig, having attributes of pig + FDV:
mean [kerry] piggy?

counter - to meet; to encounter or engage in combat

hellish - infernal, diabolical, devilish + hail fellow - an intimate or familiar associate, the state or footing of intimate friends.

fall upon - to rush upon, assault

nowanights - on present nights

faun - one of a class of rural deities; at first represented like men with horns and the tail of a goat, afterwards with goats' legs like the Satyrs, to whom they were assimilated in lustful character + fauna - a collective term applied to the animals + FDV:
to their fauns shyfaun say only: lovers

cull - to gather, pluck

wilt - Of plants or their parts: To become limp or flaccid, through heat or drought.

whilst - while

marry - an exclamation of asseveration, surprise, etc.

in troth - truly, verily, really, indeed

lave - leave + laver (fr) - to wash.

a while - for a (short or moderate) time

wheel barrow - a barrow or shallow open box mounted between two shafts that receive the axle of a wheel at the front ends, the rear ends being shaped into handles and having legs on which it rests.

in the name of - exp. of surprise

carl - a man of the common people, countryman, a base fellow

Jespersen:

kopje - a small hill (in south Africa) + Joyce's note:
'hophare bacontree kopje ' → The Growth and Structure of the English Language 156 (sec. 154): 'the Dutch... in South Africa... applied... kopje 'a little head or cup' to the hills' (from Afrikaans to English).

pelt - to strip or pluck off (the pelt or skin) from, to skin, fleece

thong - a narrow strip of hide or leather, for use as a lace, cord, band, strap, or the like.

Biggar, Joseph - trusted parliamentary aide of Parnell's, a "character" of whom many stories were told. Biggar was hunchbacked and misshapen.

forshapen - transformed, misshapen + forshape - to metamorphose, transform.

pygmy - very small, diminutive, tiny

hogshead - a large cask or barrel; Applied to a person with allusion to the animal.

shrink

plod - a heavy tiring walk

hath - have

shin - the front part of the human leg between the knee and the ankle

pectoral - something worn on the breast

pectoral muscles - the muscles of the chest + mamma - mother.

mousterian - rel. to late Paleolith period (70.000 - 30.000 B.C.)

slake - to lick with the tongue

nuncheon = luncheon - a slight repast taken between two of the ordinary meal-times.

brain pan - the skull

on the qui vive - on the look-out .

comestible - eatable, edible + stipple - to paint, engrave, or otherwise design in dots.

Saxon - one of a Germanic people which in the early centuries of the Christian era dwelt in a region near the mouth of the Elbe, and of which one portion, distinguished as Anglo-Saxons conquered and occupied certain parts of South Britain in the 5th and 6th centuries, while the other, the Old Saxons remained in Germany; Sackerson - Elizabethan bear.

ramping - violent, unrestrained

runriot - to get out of control

overstep - to step over

slit - a straight and narrow cut or incision

cave (l) - beware!

p'raps - perahaps

Hercules' pillars - the rocks Calpé (now Gibraltar) and Abyla (Ceuta), on either side of the Strait of Gibraltar, thought by the ancients to be the supports of the western boundary of the world, and to have been set up by Hercules + hirculus (l) - a little goat.

hosiery - hose collectively; extended to other frame-knitted articles of apparel, and hence to the whole class of goods in which a hosier deals.

blown - swollen, distended; spoiled, tainted; tired, exhausted

scuse - excuse + FDV:
Scuse me, guy. Who is this This kerl on the kopje [ ] who the joebiggar be he? . You tollerday donsk Forshapen like a pigmayde hoagshead domk creep kneeks ].

charley - a fool, simpleton

Anglais (Jesperson, French) - English + Language 20.4: "Panamanians, when addressed, used to reply 'No spiggoty (speak) Inglis'".

Saxo = Saxon - the language of the Saxons

strong language - expressions indicative of violent or excited feeling

creek - an inlet or short arm of a river

mutt - a stupid or commonplace person; a mongrel dog, cur + me + REFERENCE

my pleasure - a colloq. dismissal of thanks + muc ( muk) - pig + FDV:
Much Mutts pleasure

somehow - someway, in some manner

nohow - not at all

stun - the condition of being stunned

surd - irrational; voiceless; stupid ( + surdus (l) = sourd (fr) - deaf. Archaic) sir +

poddle - to walk with short or uncertain steps, to toddle

wherein - in what, where

Clontarf

Brian Boru

usurp - to seize and hold by force or without right

fore - before

hesitancy - the quality or condition of hesitating, indecision, vacillation.

cross someone's palm with silver - to give money to someone (esp. for some information) + qualm - a spasm of fear + Qualm (ger) -
thick smoke.

gilt - gilt plate, the thin layer of gold with which anything is gilt; gold, money + FDV:
Let me cross your qualm with gilt trinkgilt .
Guinness - the proprietary name of a stout manufactured by the firm of Guinness + "Guinness is Good for You" (advertising slogan) - Guinness's advertising agency (S. H. Benson) did some market research during the 1920's to find our what people liked about Guinness. People responded that they felt good when they had their pint and the slogan was born. The slogan is still used in some countries (notably in Africa) that do not regulate advertising claims as zealously as the U.K. and North America. Some have even posted that the advertising features athletes and imply that there athleticism can be attributed to Guinness.

liveries. There where the missers mooney:

shag - a mass of matted hair + FDV:
It He is him. . He was poached on that eggtentical spot by the . Here where the Minnikin Passe.

faulty - defective, imperfect, unsound

grilse - the name given to a young salmon on its first return to the river from the sea.

poach - to cook (fish, fruit, etc.) by simmering in water or another liquid.

were

moony - stupidly dreamy; rel. to moon; many + MOONEY'S - Mooney and Co has operated a chain of pubs in central Dublin since the 19th century + Mooney, Mrs - landlady in the Dubliners story, "The Boarding House," whose daughter waits upstairs while argument rages.

minikin - tiny + manikin - a model of the human body used for exhibiting the anatomical structure or for demonstrating surgical operations + Mannequin Pisse - a famous statue of a small boy taking a leak, often seen as a symbol of Brussels.

passe - no longer young, faded, no longer fashionable + pass + passe (fr) - a fuck.

pre-tells

to make a long story short - to relate in few words

emptied + dumpty - short and stout + dump - to throw down in a lump or mass, as in tilting anything out of a cart; to shoot or deposit (rubbish, etc.) + Humpty Dumpty.

wheelbarrow

rubbage = rubbish

puddingstone -
a conglomerate rock consisting of naturally-cemented pebbles ; conglomerate + (notebook 1924): 'poudingue pudding stone '.
+ BRUSSELS - City, and capital of Belgium, on Senne River; Fr

brook - rivulet + Bruck- (
dial. ger) - bridge Bruxelles. The Willibroek Canal makes Brussels a seaport + cell - a small apartment, room, or dwelling.

Lord-a-mercy - An interjection expressing astonishment

wad (

with what - at which time, when + wid - colloq. and dial. pronunc. of with +
Cornish) - forefather + FDV: With what Wid wad for a noise like?

similar

rex rorum, rex Romae (

res, rei,rei, rem (l) - a thing, of a thing, to a thing, thing + rex, regis, regi, regem (l) - king, of a king, to a king, king + ros, roris, rori, rorem (l) - dew, of dew, do dew, dew +
Latin) - The King of the dews is the King of Rome → FW 003.13-14 → King of the Jews + rex rerum (l) - king of wealth + rex Romae (l) - king of Rome.
I could snore

snore - to make harsh or noisy sounds in sleep, to declare + schnore (swiss) - talk, chatter + FDV:
to him [woolseley side in], with my owth by the neck I am sutton on old Brian O'Flynn O'Flinn .

spumy - covered with spume (foam, froth)

woolsey = linsey-woolsey - textile of wool and linen

neck - a narrow stretch of land (isthmus, cape, mountain pass), a brick wall.

( "With the skinny side out and the woolly side in" → from the Irish

Brian O'Linn
song) - (made breeches) song about a character who always makes the best of the bad situations in which he finds himself .

boiled oil + BALDOYLE - Village, North of Sutton and Howth; site of race course.

barely + beurre (fr) - butter.

sturk - a young bullock or heifer; a foolish person + Turk; start + Sturk - occupant of LeFanu's House by the Churchyard, he is attacked in Butcherswood in the Phoenix Park. Sturk is "resurrected" by Black Dillon.

to look around + unseen

good afternoon - salutation used at meeting or parting + gut (ger) -
good + FDV: Good aftermeal!

sec - second

take + to take a walk - to take a short journey on foot (for exercise or pleasure) + FDV: Mutt - Rest a while. Half Walk a look onward roundward you will see . [how old the plain] From in the Punct.

dun - down; dark, dusky + blink - glance.

roundward - in a circular direction

shall

olde - old

ye - the, you

parents + Magh nEalta (

Elders - two ancient judges in the apocryphal book of Susanna. They first proposition the young matron and, when repulsed, accuse her of unchastity with a young man. Daniel unmaskes the Elders' lies + Eltern (ger) -
Irish) - Plain of Flocks → variously rendered into English as Moynalty, Moynelta, Moyelta etc; the plain north of the Dublin Mountains, where the legendary Irish colonizer Parthalón settled until he and his people were wiped out by a plague.

whimbrel - a small curlew

peewee - dwarf, a lapwig; the thin wailing cry of this bird

salting - land flooded regularly by tides, the place where a stream joins the sea [Joyce's note: ' Saltings '] .

droit - right, law, justice

signory - lordship, a power of feudal lord

icefloe - a large sheet of floating ice

beginning +

Let Erin Remember the Days of Old ( song) - a lyric by Thomas Moore (sung to the tune of The Red Fox)

remember

= sweet + white + sweet and brackish - the fresh water of the River Liffey and the salt water of Dublin Bay, which merge in the river's estuary.

brack - somewhat salt, briny + black

eastward

surgent - rising or swelling in waves + insurgence - uprising, an act of rising up physically.

ebb - the reflux of the tide; the return of tide-water towards the sea.

Schuré:

requiesce - to rest, repose +
(notebook 1924): ' here flux unites *T* & *L* reflux divides ' → Les Grandes Légendes de France 215: (of the tides of the Baie de Tréspassés) 'A touching folk legend has it that here meet the souls of those who had killed themselves for love and had been lost in death. One a year, they are allowed to see each other. The flux unites them, the reflux separates them, and they tear away from each other amid prolonged lamentations').

flick - a light blow

snow flakes

litter - odds and ends, fragments and leavings lying about, rubbish.

wizzard = wizard

all of (P) - completely, quite (used to emphasize)

whirl - the action, or an act, of whirling; rotation + whirlwind - a whirling or rotating wind + Heimskringla ( Old Norse) - Snorri Sturluson's sagas of the Norse kings; the name means "world's whirl"

tomb - to lay in the grave, bury, entomb

isge (gēs (

ashes to ashes +
Old English) - ice + Greek) - Earth + ice ages → icefloe seven lines above.
erde (

erde - do dwell, live, to inhabit + Erde (ger) =
Old English) - earth.

Babylon + Arnold Bennett wrote The Grand Babylon Hotel, 1902 +
Revelation 17:5: 'BABYLON THE GREAT'.

hotel - to lodge at an hotel

tit - dear, loved; a girl or young woman: often qualified as little; titmouse.

tittle - the smallest or a very small part of something + titmouse - a bird of the genus Parus, comprising small active birds; a small, petty, or insignificant person or thing + nursery rhyme 'Tit-tit-tittlemouse Lived in a little house'.

alp - a bullfinch (bird); a high rugged mountain, a mountain pasture.

ild - pple. of ild ( ill + Norwegian) - fire.

like as - as, in the way or manner that

luv - love

smrt ( Serbian) - death + Mord (ger) -
murder + 'Zmorde - God's Death! (after the archaic Shakespearean oaths, 'Sdeath! ("God's Death!"), 'Sblood! ("God's Blood!"), 'Zounds ("God's Wounds!) etc.) + merde (fr) - shit + morte (fr) - death.

fierce

asserted +

behauptet (ger) -
hough - trans. To disable by cutting the sinew or tendons of the hough, to hamstring.

song

ancestress - a female ancestor + thanasimos (gr) - deadly, fatal + thanatephoros (gr) - death-bringing.

swallowed

save = safe - affording security or immunity, not exposing to danger.

rede - interpret, explain, guess, surmise, predict

on all fours - on hands and knees + to run on all fours - fairly, evenly, not to limp like a lame dog.

OLDCASTLE - Town, County Meath, 64 miles from Dublin

crumble - to break down into small crumbs; to reduce to crumbs or small fragments + The 4 Royal Manors of County Dublin, established under Henry II, were Esker, Newcastle, Saggart, and Crumlin.

sell (obs) - to give

sooth - truth

Dublin + humble - submissive.

sift - to pass (something) through a sieve, in order to separate the coarse from the fine particles; intr. To use a sieve, to do sifting. Chiefly fig., esp. to pry into, make inquiry.

moulder - a worker who makes molds, one that exerts a determining influence on course of development.

whisht - hush, silence + wish

gyand - giant

forficula - a genus of earwigs

amnis (l) - river

fay - fairy

howe - hollow, depression, valley; how + THING MOTE - The assembly place, usually on a mound, established by the Vikings whenever they settled. In Dublin, the Thing Mote was on a low hill South of the present Dame Street. The hill of the Thing Mote was called the Howe, Haugh, or "Howe over the Stein" (Steyne), from haugr, Old Danish "hill, sepulchral mound."

viceking - viceroy + Viking + Henrik Ibsen: "The Viking's Barrow".

grab - seize, snatch + Grab (ger) - grave.

oye - grandchild + øye: (Norwegian) + - eye I

Ragnarøkr ( Old Norse) - destruction of the Norse gods + Thonar or Thon - god worshipped in England and on the Continent, maybe a form of Thor because his name is that of the Teutonic word for "thunder."

stoop - to bow down, to descend.; a post, pillar; an act of stooping + FDV:
for to the pourquose of which was to yoxen at the turnpath ]!
absentminded - paying no attention to, and receiving no impression from, present objects or events + abecede (abced Old English) - alphabet + Joyce's note: ' ' → ABCDE-minded = literate.

Clodd:

daybook - a book in which the occurrences or transactions of the day are entered; a diary +
Joyce's note: ' claybook ' → The Story of the Alphabet 89: (of cuneiform writing) 'the abundant clay of the alluvial country afforded material whose convenience and permanence brought it into general use. Upon this the characters were impressed by a reed or square-shaped stylus, the clay-books being afterwards baked or sun-dried'.

curious

Clodd:

alphabet +
Joyce's note: ' alaphbet ' → The Story of the Alphabet 122: (quoting Canon Taylor) 'the very word ALPHABET... is obviously derived from the names of the two letters alpha and beta... which are plainly identical with the names aleph and beth borne by the corresponding Semitic characters'.

have it out - to settle or clear up the matter by free discussion or a fight.

miscegenation - a mixture of races

lived und laughed ant loved end left → cf. FW 628.15-16, the closing line of the novel, and FW 418.10 in the fable The Ondt and the Gracehoper.

forsin - ruined by sin, burdened with sin +
forsan (l) - perhaps + Daniel 6:25-28: 'MENE, MENE TEKEL UPHARSIN... Thy kingdom is divided, and given to the Medes and Persians' (writing on the wall at Belshazzar's feast).

kingdom

MEDIA - Ancient country in area now North-West part of Iran; became part of Persian empire under Cyrus, 6th century BC. Dan 5:25: "Thy kingdom is divided, and given to the Medes and Persians."

Porson, Richard (1759-1808) - English classical scholar

Heidelberg man - an early pleistocene man closely rel. to Neanderthal.

imply - uplesti, umešati, nagovestiti

knit - weave, to conjoin as by knotting or binding together; to bind, join, or connect firmly.

whet - hone, sharpen

convey - to transport, to transmit, be the medium of

sweeten - to add sugar, refine, purify

sensation - feeling, emotion

adhere - to stick fast, to become or remain firmly attached to

attachment - liking, affection, love, devotion

dog - to follow insidiously, to act as a dog, to guard as a dog

bitch - to spoil, botch; the female of the dog; Applied opprobriously to a woman; strictly, a lewd or sensual woman.

entail - to bring on by way of necessary consequence

ensuance - the fact of ensuing + ensue - to follow, to result from.

reredos - a wall drapery back of an altar; brazier; the back or rear

Rama or Raman - several avatars of Vishnu

quaky - inclined to quake; of the nature of quaking

hatch - hatchet

celt - an implement with chisel-shaped edge, of bronze or stone (but sometimes of iron), found among the remains of prehistoric man. It appears to have served for a variety of purposes, as a hoe, chisel, or axe, and perhaps as a weapon of war.

pourquoi (

purpose
+ French) - the reason why

casser (fr) - to break → cassay the earthcrust = to break bread → The Last Supper → mastication of the host.

crust - the upper or surface layer of the ground (obs.)

boustrophedon (gr) - turning like oxen in ploughing (of writing from left to right and right to left in alternate lines) + FDV:
furroward & bagowards bogowards like an ox yoxen at the turnpath

figurine - a small carved or molded figure

bellicose - inclined to war or fighting; warlike + to bill and coo - to interchange caresses (said of doves; also of demonstrative lovers).

arm - to embrace; to equip with weapons, to prepare for struggle

mount - to organize and equip (an attacking force); to get upon the back of a horse or other animal for the purpose of riding.

futhorc - runic alphabet + Clodd: further + Joyce's note: ' futhorc ' → The Story of the Alphabet 201: 'The primitive Gothic alphabet is named, on the acrologic principle, "futhorc", after the first six letters, f, u, t, h, o, r, c'.

flint - a kind of hard stone + Vorfall (ger) -
incident + FDV: this little effingee stands is flintgun flintforfall . for fire a fing called in

fay - to fit closely together, to agree, succeed; to clean + see

san (gr) - old letter SS; numerical symbol 900

petit (fr) - small + petits pois cuits (fr) - cooked peas.

alphabet + FDV: When a piece does allforabit duty for the whole we soon get used to an allphorabit .
Here are selveram cued little petty petteet peas of quite a pecuniar interest inaslittle as they are the pellets that make the payroll. Right are rocks and with these rocks rogues orangotangoes tomtums rangled rough & tomtummy's rightgoring rightgorong .

several + silver.

peteet - small; of little importance or value

pecuniar = pecuniary - of, belonging to, or having relation to money.

inasmuch as - in so far as, in that, in view of the fact that, seeing that.

pellet - any globe, ball, or spherical body, usually one of small size.

tom ( that make

tom tommy - a double breasted plough +
Danish) - empty + tummy - belly, stomach + FDV: the tomtums tomtummy's payroll.

roll - a quantity of bills or notes rolled together; hence, the money a person possesses.

rank - to form a rank or ranks, to stand in rank + FDV:
Right are rocks and with these rocks rogues orangotangoes rangled rough & rightgoring rightgorong .
→ often mistranslated as

ragnarok - in Scandinavian mythology, the destruction of the gods or the twilight of the gods; spec. the last battle of this world, in which gods and men will be defeated by monsters and the sun will grow dark
twilight of the gods + Ragnar Lodbrok - a 9th century Danish warlord, said by some to have fathered Ivar the Boneless, who was a prominent Norse king of Dublin.

orangutan - an anthropoid ape

rangle - to rove, wander; to argue noisily or vehemently

thrust - a forcible push or pushing + thirst

Alef, bet, gimel, dalet - the first four letters of the Hebrew alphabet → the Old Testament was written in Hebrew.

kimmel - a tub used for brewing, kneading, salting meat, and other household purposes.

dolly - a pet name for a child's doll

alpha

owlet - an owl; a young owl or little owl

x

bleakish - rather pale (obs.)

fromage (fr) - cheese

quite - rather, to a moderate degree

y

haud (l) - not

keep of the grass - do not take liberites + FDV:

to swarm in - to be crowded with

prairie - a tract of level or undulating grass-land, without trees, and usually of great extent.

rare = rear - to erect by building, construct, elevate, raise

(notebook 1924): ' S came in a cargo of fruit ' (it is unclear whether the initial S is an *S* siglum or simply an abbreviation for 'snakes') + Genesis 3:3: 'the tree which is in the midst of the garden' + Freeman's Journal 22 Feb 1924, 8/4: 'By the Way': 'The ss. Reventazon was landing a cargo of bananas from Jamaica when a strange little creature was discovered hiding among the fruit... its precise genus seems to have baffled everyone... Now, what is it?'

Wippingham, Paddy - (1) St Patrick; (2) Dick Whittingtom; (3) The Wippingham Papers by Swinburne.

William Shakespeare:

cotch - catch +
Macbeth III.2.13: 'We have scotch'd the snake, not kill'd it'.

prick - erect and pointed + + prick ( quicker Slang) - penis.

Genesis
2:23: 'she shall be called Woman, because she was taken out of Man'.

pick up

the tale comes out the same

tally - any tangible means of recording a payment or amount + FDV:
Subdivide and sumdolot and but balifusion.

racketeer - one who extorts money

bootlegger - one who carries liquor in his boot-legs; hence, an illicit trader in liquor

axe - the axle of a wheel . . . .are all every tim mick & larry of us, sons of the sod, . + ace + FDV: Axe plays on axe thwacks on axe acks thracks please axewise. One by one place one be three and one before. Two nursus one make free tree free and idem behind. What a tale to unfurl & with what an end in view auntisquattor & postprone And to say that we of squattor us to be autosquattor weelittlesons when squattor we are postproneauntisquattor! usses not to be every sue, ciss & sally of us, dugters of Jor Nan sons littlesons, yea & leastlittlesons Accusative ahnsire! Dam to infinities!

thrack - to pack full, fill, to load + three; tracks

one by one - one after another, one at a time

plus

ditto - the aforesaid, the same; Used, in accounts and lists to avoid repetition of a word or phrase appearing above.

minus

plausible - worthy of being applauded, agreeable, popular

idem (l) - the same

start off - to set out, to begin a journey; to begin to move, to leave the point of departure in any kind of progression.

boa - a genus of serpents native to the tropical parts of S. America

Crow:

threelegged - having three legs +
Master Kung: The Story of Confucius p. 49: "Three-legged calves, big snakes , the discovery of rocks of strange appearance " [examples of omens] + three-legged - the siglum Joyce uses in his notes and drafts for the combined Shem-Shaun character has three legs
Crow:

jade - a contemptuous name for a horse; a horse of inferior breed, e.g. a cart- or draught-horse as opposed to a riding horse +
The Story of Confucius, Master Kung 45: (before Confucius's birth) 'a fabulous animal known as a chi lin appeared before the prospective mother, bearing in its mouth a jade tablet inscribed with a message prophesying future greatness for the son then about to be born. The young girl tied a silken scarf around the single horn of the animal and it disappeared the same night, only (according to the story) to reappear more than seventy years later, just after the death of Master Kung' .

Crow: The Story of Confucius, Master Kung 43: (in ancient China) 'Most of the writing done was laboriously inscribed with a stylus on slips of bamboo... a book the size of the volume now in the reader's hands would fill a small truck. It was said of one industrious scholar that he read 'a hundredweight daily''
.
liber (l) - book + queue (fr) - penis.

con - to get to know; to study or learn, esp. by repetition + con (fr) - vulva.

unfurl - to open or spread out

Tom, Dick and Harry - any man taken at random

larry - confusion, excitement, noise; a long handled hoe

the (old) sod - one's native district or country; spec., Ireland

little son - a grandson

lea - land 'laid down' for pasture, pasture-land, grass-land

siss - hiss

sally - the european house wren

accusative - marking direct object (gram.); accusing

True there was no you a quid ( them, cut them allways: leave them no virtue more in alcohoran. For that is what paper is made of, made of, hides and hints and misses in prints. Till we finally (though not yet for all) meet with me that every word will till Daleth, who opened it, closes In the lower margin Joyce wrote:

as yet - up to this time, hitherto + FDV:
lumpend paper papeer tipped as yet in the waste and the mountain pen still groaned for the micies to deliver him. You gave me a boot ( signs on it!) and I ate the wind. I quizzed runes wrunes with for what?) and you went to quod. But the world, mind, is, was & will
be writing its own chop chap for ever, man, on all matters that fall under the ban of our senses. A bone, a pebble, a ramskin: chip them, slow slowth of their oven mutthering pot to terracook in the : and the day gutenmorg of a magnum charter we must one way dawn else there is is there Fillstop Fillstap . So you need hardly tell spell life Ballyliving duble ends out the acquaintance of Mr Typ, Mrs Top and all the little typtoppies - be bound to carry 3 score & ten tomtypsical readings through the book of thereof the door.

groan - to breathe with a deep-toned murmur; to utter a low deep sound expressive of grief or pain; to yearn or long, as if with groans.

ancientry - ancient times, antiquity

give (I) the boot - to dismiss (someone from his job) or end a relationship with (someone), kick out, dismiss.

to eat the air - to have vain hopes + wind - Applied to something empty, trifling, or unsubstantial.

quiz - to question, interrogate; to find out (a thing) by questioning + quis (l) - who + quid (l) - what.

quid - a sovereign; one pound sterling; a piece of something (usu. of tobacco), suitable to be held in the mouth and chewed.

quod - prison + go to the bad - to develop a bad character + quod (l) - 1) because; 2) that ( conjunction).

ban (

ban - anathematization, curse + pan - the action of panning a camera, a panoramic sequence +
Cornish) = ban ( Welsh) - mountain, height.

infrarational - below what is rational

+ Lane-Poole:

milch - of domestic mammals: Giving milk, kept for milking + Michael
The Speeches & Table-Talk of the Prophet Mohammad xiv: 'The hospitality of the Arab is a proverb... it is strictly true. The last milch-camel must be killed rather than the duties of the host neglected'.

moor - to secure one's ship (etc.) in a particular place; to anchor; to secure (a ship, boat, or other floating object) in a particular place by means of chains or ropes.

Lane-Poole:

Charmian and Iras - attendants on the queen in Antony and Cleopatra +
The Speeches & Table-Talk of the Prophet Mohammad xxvi: (of Mohammad) 'his rich cousin, Khadija, whom he presently married at the age of twenty-five'.

Lane-Poole: The Speeches & Table-Talk of the Prophet Mohammad xxx: (of Mohammad) 'his ordinary food was dates and water'.

chip - to hew or cut with an axe or adze, or with strokes from any other cutting tool.

chap - to break into small pieces, chop, strike

leave them

terracotta - a hard unglazed pottery of a fine quality, of which decorative tiles and bricks, architectural decorations, statuary, vases, and the like are made + FDV:
to terracook in the slow slowth of their oven mutthering pot .
of

guten Morgen (ger) - good morning + J
ohann Gutenberg (1398 - 1468) was a German inventor who achieved fame for his contributions to the technology of printing during 1448. His inventions allowed for the rapid printing of written materials, and an information explosion in Renaissance Europe + FDV: and the day gutenmorg we must one way dawn else there is a magnum charter is there no virtue more in alcohoran.

charter - lit. A leaf of paper (in OE. called bóc, book); a legal document or 'deed' written (usually) upon a single sheet of paper, parchment, or other material, by which grants, cessions, contracts, and other transactions are confirmed and ratified.

primer - one who lays the first color, coating or preparation upon; an elementary school-book for teaching children to read, a small introductory book on any subject.

rubric - a heading of a chapter, section, or other division of a book, written or printed in red; red ochre + rubricked - marked by red letters, written or printed in red + redd - cleared for a new occupant.

virtue - occult efficacy or power

alcohol + Alcoran - the sacred book of Muslims, the Koran.

meed - to reward. In bad sense, to bribe

hide - a hiding place, the action or an act of hiding, concealment

misprint - a mistake in printing

typus (l) - figure, form, image + typos (gr) - print, impression; image, model.

to bind over - to oblige (a person) to undertake to do a particular act.

reading - material designed to be read, a particular selection of such material designed to be read at one time or as a unit.

till Daleth, who opened it, closes

thorouhout - through the whole of (a space, region, etc.), in or to every part of, everywhere in + FDV:
through the book of life Ballyliving duble ends out thereof the door.

sunder - to become separated or severed from something; to be torn, break, or split in pieces.

daleth - 4. letter of Jewish alphabet, meaning "door."

thereof - of that, of it, from that cause

dor (

dor - trick, deception, mockery +
dor ( Portuguese ) - pain, ache + + The. Dor. - Cornish) - earth, ground, land + dor ( Hebrew) - generation; dwelling

Thomas Moore, Irish Melodies: song: Fly Not Yet
[Air -- Planxty Kelly] + (notebook 1923): ' Fly not yet '.

nondum (l) - not yet; not now +
nursery rhyme 'How many miles to Babylon? Three score and ten, sir. Will we be there by candlelight?' (James Joyce, Ulysses. 9.415).

candlelight - the light given by a candle or by candles. Often, artificial light in general.

are

movables - personal property, property that is capable of being moved, any species of property not fixed, as distinguished from real or fixed property; nine concentric revolving spheres of the heavens (in the Ptolemaic astronomy) + FDV:
The movables movibles march marching scrawling in motion , all of them again ago in pitpat & zingzang to for every little busy earywig eeriewhig tells 's a little bit of a torytale to tell .

scrawl - to move with a scrambling and shuffling motion, to scribble, to write carelessly or awkwardly.

pitpat - a pattering sound

eerie - fearful, timid; fear-inspiring; gloomy, strange, weird

Whig - an adherent of one of the two great parliamentary and political parties in England, and (at length) in Great Britain. (Opposed to Tory).

lettice = lettuce; lattice

cuddy - ass, donkey; lout, blockhead + cuidiú liom ( + Irish) - help me cuddle

pomme - a potato + pomme (fr) - apple + a man homme (fr) - man + pomus gravide (l) - a heavy laden fruit tree ---- fama levitatis (l) - a reputation of lightness; pseudo aphorism modeled on: gravida ventris, famae levis (l) - laden of belly, light of repute + FDV: Of a man noarch and of a wife chopwife and or of a pomme and a famme fammy the golden youths that wanted gilding or of the maid that what the misschievmiss made maide of levity or of do.

gilded youth - young people of wealth and fashion, esp. if given to prodigal living (in the French Revolution, applied to young men of the upper classes who aided in suppressing the Jacobins after the Reign of Terror).

(Lazare Sainéan,

revergasse (fr) - an ancient dance in which the young girls tucked their skirts up to the thighs (from reverga, to tuck up)
La Langue de Rabelais, Paris 1922).

frasques (fr) - tricks, pranks

la pyrrichie (

pyrrhic - the war dance of the ancient Greeks + peruke +
French) - a dance (Lazare Sainéan, La Langue de Rabelais Paris 1922) + Pyrrha - Deucalion's wife in Greek mythology → corresponds to Coba, Noah's wife, in the Greek myth of the Flood → see chopwife (Coba) three lines above.

Sainéan: La Langue de Rabelais I.207: 'appellations de danses... la Gaye' (
French 'names of dances... la Gaye').

snaky - snakelike, wavy, wriggly + Sainéan: French La Langue de Rabelais I.220: 'la fameuse Mélusine... fée sous forme de femme-serpent' ( 'the famous Melusine... a fairy in the form of a snake-woman') .

Sainéan: La Langue de Rabelais I.207: 'appellations de danses... la Trippiere' (
French 'names of dances... la Trippiere')

Sainéan: La Langue de Rabelais I.207: 'Expect un pauc, attends un peu... danse gasconne' (
French 'Expect un pauc, wait a bit... a dance of Gascony')
- one's beloved, sweetheart chosen on st. Valentines's day + valent - power, capacity + Sainéan: La Langue de Rabelais I.207: 'appellations de danses... La Valentinoise' ( French 'names of dances... La Valentinoise').

hore (ger) - listen + Ho! ho! + whore (ALP as whore)

rearing - the action of erecting, building up, etc., the action (practice or occupation) of bringing up to or towards maturity.

weeny - exceptionally small

teeny - tiny

newt - a small tailed amphibian (Triton), allied to the salamander

lissom - supple, limber + listen + REFERENCE + FDV: It was of a night. Lissom! lissom! I am doing it. Hark, the corne entreats! And the larpnotes prittle.

corne - a musical instrument, a horn; a corner + corne (fr) - horn.

entreat - to ask earnestly for (a thing), to beseech, implore

prittle prattle = prattle - to talk or chatter in a childish or artless fashion.

It was one night at a long time ago when [. But the dour handworded her years came raining back back to Sir Howther another night at another time. tearsheet porterpeace. But the wicked handworded put down Tristopher & picked up . And Sir Howther bleethered atter her: back to Sir Howther. ]. Sir Howther had his porterpease. And Sir Howther came [.]]

lang - long + FDV:
Adam was delvin & his madami madamene spunning watersilts Sir Howther had his burnt head up in his brain hive lamphouse with laying of van homerigh] the cashel homecashel earthshouse earthenhouse want like a cup poss of porter porterpease she her grace o'malice snapped up Tristopher and she ran, ran, ran rain, rain, rain sware swareded grace [ in dootch nossow]: Shut. So at to him: Unlikely Unlikelyhood hundred forty scabs blessings brought him she was back ( ) again in a brace of samers down drowned watercloth, kissing & spitting . And the prankwench said to the wicked picked a paly one & made witter before the wicked. I want Why do I liking 2 cupsa walk and she washed the poss of the prankweneh her grace o'malice ran, ran, ran rain, rain, rain war walk through the westerness holes in curses in Larryat And where did she come but to the bar of his bristolry. And Sir Howther had his heels for another hundred years walk & brought in a pair of changes she was hand hips of the cashel, wringing & coughing in their first infancy up to his pantrybox and his little jiminy Tristopher Toughertrees & the dummy were belord on the tarssheet watercloth said to the gate made ____ ( her wittest ) ( Arkway ) her grace. Shut. Then : Why am do I like 3 cupss with Hilary and she poss of through the gate as far as he could Stop his arkway of his 3 cashels stop Come back with my Earing. Stop. But she swareadid to him: Am liking it. And there was a [ fineold] grandnewwail [ that altarsame sobbaoth] with Hilary and she punched somewhere in Erio. Then the prankwench went for a hundred years hair all in [ by to the whole length longth of the strength strongth of his bowman's bill Larryhill . this that And why did she halt at all but by the ward of his mansionhouse [ was the first peace hurricane of porter of illiterative porthery get hold the her dummy dummyship & the jimmies was to keep their peace peacewave & the Sir Howther was to get the wind up. in front of the Archway of Triumph & asked hip hip handicap out yellow green blue red orange violet And he put his rude hand to his C Haitch his thick speech spuck for her to shut up shop, dummy. And the dummy shot the shutter down and they all drank free. And in the whole flooding. The prankwench was to

old stone age + auld - old + stane - stone.

eld - age, old age, antiquity

) - (diminutive, often pejorative) +

-een (
Anglo-Irish song 'Madamina' from Don Giovanni.

spin - to revolve or gyrate, to whirl round

to spin one's wheels - to do nothing productive + silt - fine sand, clay, or other soil, carried by moving or running water and deposited as a sediment on the bottom or beach.

MONTENOTTE - Village, East of Genoa, Italy. 1st battle of Napoleon's Italian campaign, 11 April 1796, where he defeated the Austrians.

'] + ain (

Canon W. Fleming: St Patrick 48: "in those days, when rivers had at all times their own way" [(notebook 1924): '
rivers had their own way Scots) - own + ain ( Hebrew) - none, no, void.

billy - lad, fellow + Billy Budd - title hero of Melville's novel. Billy or "Beauty" or "Baby". Budd is foretopman on a British man-of-war, is radiant, beautiful, good, loved by every man who beholds him. Billy's one imperfection is a stutter, and when Claggart, his superior, falsely accuses him of mutiny, Billy cannot speak and, with no evil intent, kills Claggart with a single blow; Billy's captain, Vere, loves Billy, and, as divine justice, acquits him, as human justice, hangs him.

biddy - woman

Sir Howther had his

jarl - a medieval scandinavian noble ranking immediately below the king + Earl of Howth (Scandinavian/Dutch) + FDV:
burnt head up in his brain hive lamphouse .

burnt - set on fire; excited; that had suffered injury from fire; affected by veneral disease.

kick one's heels - to have nothing to do esp. while being kept waiting + kick up one's heels - to have a lively time.

dummy - doll

oilcloth - a canvas of various degrees of thickness, painted or coated with a preparation containing a drying oil, used for table-cloths, floor-cloths, etc.

flure - floor

earth house - a dwelling built into or covered with earth + earthen - made of earth.

keep - central tower of a medieval castle (serving as a last defence), a tower.

inn - a dwelling place, a house

And who come to the keep of his inn but the

niece in law - the wife of one's nephew +
(notebook 1924): ' niece-in-law ' → + FDV: Freeman's Journal 16 Feb 1924, 4/4: 'Publican's Story': 'Witness then asked his niece-in-law, Mary Maher, to go for the priest' niece of his a prankwench.
the heroine of the song + Rose and Lily - the Two girls. Maybe Lily is the pure girl and Rose the impure, because, Havelock Ellis says, the rose is anciently and widely associated with the female labia; ("to pull a rose" is to urinate) (Glasheen, Adaline /

rosy - having the crimson or pink colour of a rose; rose-coloured +
Tam Lin pulls roses at the castle door to announce her presence Third census of Finnegans wake)

fornenst - right opposite to, over against; facing

ablaze - on the fire, radiant with light

Le Petit Parisien - a journal of the 1920s; the title is French for

petty - of small importance, inconsiderable, insignificant, trivial; little-minded, 'small' +
The Little Parisian + Parisienne: a Parisian woman.

Parisian - the French spoken in or associated with Paris

+ wans (

wan - one
Dublin Slang) - girls + FDV: Why do I want like a cup poss of porter porterpease .
+ The riddle relationship to the "plot" of the book is that heard by Earwicker in his drunken sleep after his pub had closed: he hears a call for "pots of porter, please". The use of "Porter" is not nearly as universal in the book; it merely delineates Earwicker's function of carrying drinks to his customers, and probably stems as well from the porter who hears the knocking at the gate in Macbeth. This knocking at the door further suggests the invader seeking to gain entrance into Ireland, so that Earwicker as defender is also a customs official or policeman asking to see "passports, please." (Benstock, Bernard /

poss = post (?); an act of 'possing', a thrust or knock +
nursery rhyme 'Pease Porridge Hot': 'Pease porridge hot. Pease porridge cold, Pease porridge in the pot, Nine days old. Spell me that without a P, And a clever scholar you will be' Joyce-again's wake : an analysis of Finnegans wake)

porter - one who has charge of a door or gate, esp. at the entrance of a fortified town or of a castle or other large building; a kind of beer, of a dark brown colour and bitterish taste, brewed from malt partly charred or browned by drying at a high temperature.

skirmish - a petty fight or encounter

native - native liquor, native language + NASSAU - German duchy until 1866. William the Silent, founder of the Dutch Republic, inherited the title of Nassau-Dillenburg from his father, of Orange-Chalons from his cousin, was 1st prince of Orange-Nassau.

malice - the desire to injure another person, active ill-will or hatred + Grace O Malley - 16 c. pirate chieftainess + REFERENCE

kidnap - originally, to steal or carry off (children or others) in order to provide servants or labourers for the American plantations; hence, in general use, to steal (a child), to carry off (a person) by illegal force.

shandy - wild, boisterous; also visionary, empty-headed, half-crazy

wilderness

run

wireless - to send a message by wireless

lovecall - a call or note used as a means of amorous communication between the sexes.

deef - deaf + dief ( Dutch) - thief + thief; dear

brannew - brand new (quite new, perfectly new) + ail - trouble, ailment + branne (
Danish ) - fire + Grannuaile - one of the numerous transliterations of Grace O'Malley's Irish name, Gráinne Ní Mháille.

Eria - the old name for the small island outside Dublin Bay now known as Ireland's Eye was Eria's Island. Eria was a woman's name and this became confused with Erin, an Irish name for Ireland. The Vikings substituted the Old Norse word Ey ( Island) and so the island became known as Erins Ey and ultimately
Ireland's Eye.
:

TIR NA MBAN - In the 10th-century text of The Voyage of Bran, Bran and his followers stay so long on the enchanted island of Tir na Mban, the Land of Women, where a century is like a year, that when they return to land the 1st man to step on shore collapses into a pile of ashes. If the Prankquean spends "forty years" there between visits to Howth, she is absent from Howth for 21 weeks +
Le Tour du Monde en Quatre-Vingts Jours Around the World in 80 Days, a novel by the French author Jules Verne .

tickle - an act of tickling

allgood - sort of plant + Allgood, Sara (1883-1950) - Irish actress who gave a reading of "Anna Livia Plurabelle" (see Letters, III, 261).

Luder (ger) - carrion, carcass; scoundrel + Lutheran - a member of Lutheran church + ludraman ( Irish) - idler + letterman

infancy - the condition of being an infant; the earliest period of human life, early childhood.

tearsheet - a sheet torn from a publication (or, later, separately printed and unbound) to be sent to an advertiser whose advertisement appears on it as proof of insertion; also one containing an article.

wr

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
ges on to soil here. riverpool. Mutt. on, did Brian d' of Linn. to isges, erde from erde. Pride, O pride, thy prize! Mutt. your whisht! Mutt. of all. Many. Miscegenations on miscegenations. Tieckle. They again, of our old Heidenburgh in the days when Head-in-Clouds walked the earth.