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Began in 1785, the year Blake and Burns published their first poems

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Resulted from the invention of power-driven machinery replacing hand labor

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Open fields and farms were enclosed into privately owned agricultural holdings

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A new labor population                                                              massed in the sprawling mill                                                          towns that burgeoned in                                                                    central and northern England

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A laissez-faire attitude encouraged government to not interfere

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During this time period, the British Empire became the most powerful colonial presence in the world

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Writers during this time period did not think of themselves as “romantic.”

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Wordsworth described all good poetry as “the spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings.”

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Poets bestowed attitudes and sentiments                                                    on the landscape that earlier writers had                                               felt only for God, parents or a beloved

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Poets bestowed attitudes and sentiments                                                    on the landscape that earlier writers had                                               felt only for God, parents or a beloved

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AMERICAN & FRENCH REVOLUTIONS WERE HUGELY IMPORTANT ELEMENTS OF THE POLITICAL LANDSCAPE

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THREATS TO EXISTING SOCIAL STRUC-TURE WERE BEING POSED BY NEW, REVOLUTIONARY IDEAS

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CONSEQUENCES WERE LOW WAGES, HORRIBLE WORKING CONDITIONS, LARGE-SCALE EMPLOYMENT OF WOMEN & CHILDREN IN BRUTALLY HARD OCCUPATIONS

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BUT WHILE THE POOR SUFFERED, THE LEISURE CLASS PROSPERED

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WOMEN OF ALL CLASSES WERE RE-GARDED AS INFERIOR TO MEN, WERE UNDEREDUCATED, HAD LIMITED VO-CATIONAL OPPORTUNITIES

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THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE SELF BE-CAME A MAJOR TOPIC OF ROMANTIC POETRY

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POETS OFTEN SAW THEMSELVES AS PROPHETS IN A TIME OF CRISIS, REVIS-ING THE PROMISE OF DIVINE REDEMP-TION IN TERMS OF A “HEAVEN” ON EARTH

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IMPORTANCE OF ACCURATE OBSERVA-TION & DESCRIPTION OF WILD NATURE, WHICH SERVES AS A STIMULUS TO THINKING

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CLOSENESS W/ NATURE WAS SEEN AS BRINGING OUT HUMANITY’S INNATE GOODNESS

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RELATED TO THIS WAS A RENEWED INTEREST IN THE MIDDLE AGES (AND THE BALLAD FORM) AS A BEAUTIFUL, EXOTIC, MYSTERIOUS BYGONE ERA

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THERE WAS ALSO GREAT INTEREST IN UNUSUAL MODES OF EXPERIENCE, SUCH AS VISIONARY STATES OF CONSCIOUS-NESS, HYPNOTISM, DREAMS, DRUG-INDUCED STATES, AND SO FORTH

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MANY WRITERS DELIBERATELY ISO-LATED THEMSELVES FROM SOCIETY TO FOCUS ON THEIR INDIVIDUAL VISION

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THEME OF EXILE WAS COMMON, W/ THE ROMANTIC NON-CONFORMIST OFTEN SEEN AS A GREAT SINNER OR OUTLAW

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Re-discovery of Folk Culture

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Passionate Belief inLiberty and Equality

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Arthur Schopenhauer elaborates on the characteristics of the sublime

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He explains the evolution of divine nature ,which he calls “spirit,” as a dialectical process involving a thesis, antithesis, and synthesis

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Use of contemporary events to create an effect of immediacy

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French academic artists continue with Classical style of rendering the figure

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Belief that music should express emotional states rather than following classical conventions