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Transfer of Knowledge in Knowledge Management Systems: Unexplored Issues and Suggested Studies

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Transfer of Knowledge in Knowledge Management Systems: Unexplored Issues and Suggested Studies

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1. What is the key point of the article?
Major problems and issues associated with knowledge transfer in the context of Knowledge Management Systems. Three possible issues are motivational problems, cognitive problems and knowledge that is difficult to acquire, transfer and use in a new location.

2. What did you learn/ find the most valuable from the article? Relate it to this week lesson.
The problems can be categorized to three knowledge contexts which are archived codified knowledge, archived non-codified  information and person-to-person communications.
Knowledge sharing is a formal responsibility, full-sharing is an extra-role behaviour.
Implement communication systems and procedures that enable potential users to query those who authored the non-codified materials.
Transfer of expert-respondent knowledge involves interaction. The possibility of negative interactions between use of extrinsic motivators and social-psychological forces in the context of knowledge sharing is suggested by the occasionally observed negative effects of extrinsic rewards on desired extra-role behaviours.

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Article 3 - Clarifying The Ambiguous Role of the CIO

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Article 3 - Clarifying The Ambiguous Role of the CIO

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1. What is the key point of the article?

The CIO role was ambiguous as the organization is confuse about what CIO is expected to achieve. Based on the current trend, CIO role can be categorize to five roles which are:

Utility IT Director

Evangelist CIO

Innovator CIO

Facilitator CIO

Agility IT Director/CIO

2. What did you learn/ find the most valuable from the article? Relate it to this week lesson.

The role of CIO need to be unambiguous and align the expectations with organizational requirements. The reason for this ambiguity are:

1. Unclear differentiation between Corporate and Business Unit CIOs.

2. Confusion between IT Director and CIO titles

3. Lack of understanding between expectations and performance metrics of CIO

4. Outdated view of the CIO role

Different roles of CIO is needed on the different stage or situation of an organization.

1. Utility IT Director function is to maintain the service levels and ensuring the integrity of IT infrastructure. The position make a marginal contribution to the strategic application of information.

2. Evangelist CIO explain how information can be used for differentiation and can galvanize support. The roles is able to identify sources of competitive advantage.

3. Innovator CIO is to raise the profile of the IT unit as a business partner. Innovator CIO is actively exploits information to gain competitive advantage and to significantly enhance organizational information capabilities.

4. Facilitator CIO is able to work with business or department leaders to leverage the greatest possible advantage from information.

5. Agility CIO role is to develop agile infrastructure and coordinate organizational information and technology requirements.

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Leveraging It For Business Innovation: Does The Role Of The CIO Matter?

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Leveraging It For Business Innovation: Does The Role Of The CIO Matter?

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1. What is the key point of the article?

Theoretical framework in which IT-enabled business innovation is facilitated by interactions of the IT organization with external entities and functions, namely, the business, R&D function and customers.

Understanding of the role of the CIO in IT-enabled business innovation and provides implications for practice.

2. What did you learn/ find the most valuable from the article? Relate it to this week lesson.

The framework depicts IT-enabled business innovation as facilitated by interfaces of the IS organization with external entities.

1. The IS organization can transmit innovative business ideas to the business via the flow of information and ideas and development of IT systems. In a digital world, ideas originating from the business are facilitated and implemented through IT.

2. IT-enabled business innovation can be facilitated through the interaction between IT and R&D functions.

3. IT-enabled business innovation can be enhanced through involvement of customers. This ties in to the open innovation and co-creation paradigms wherein firms and customers create innovations in partnership.

Four aspects of the CIO role:

I.  CIO’s involvement in business strategy can help IT-enabled business innovation in three ways.

It can help business leaders understand how IT can be assimilated into the firm’s innovation plans. Incorporating IT into development of products, services and processes potentially increases the speed and reduces the cost of innovation.

Through involvement in business strategy, CIOs can better understand the business, contribute ideas consistent with business strategies and partner with the business to innovate.

CIO involvement in strategy can help CIOs make better decisions to support IT projects consistent with firms’ business innovation needs.

II.  CIO’s involvement new product development can help the CIO assess requirements for IT to support the innovation needs of the firm.

Firms can reduce time-to-market of new products by developing systems suggested by the CIO to streamline the product development process. Thus, provides an opportunity for the CIO to make a more direct commitment to innovation and to align IT with the innovation initiatives of the firm.

Such involvement can lead to greater commitment of IT to facilitating the creation and delivery of new products and services. This involvement also facilitates interactions between the CIO and R&D personnel.

Such interactions between individuals with diverse knowledge structures can augment the organization's capacity for making novel linkages and associations innovating beyond what any one individual can achieve.

III.  CIO’s interactions with the firm’s customers can increase their access to insights and ideas of customers about new products and services

Promotes direct communication between IT and customers where to reduce the potential loss of information about customer needs that could occur when IT gets customer requirements from the business. Thus, it can improve CIO understanding of customers’ unmet needs for business products and services and help CIOs drive IT initiatives to build solutions around those business needs.

Can facilitate dialog, feedback and a shared understanding between customers and the IT organization about how IT can be used innovatively from perspective of customers

Can help CIOs seek customer involvement to differentiate products and services from competitors. This can result in new products, services and processes, and novel ways for IT to facilitate and deliver them.

IV.  CIO-CEO reporting structure which enables the CIO to be a strategic partner and influence IT contribution to strategic growth

Promotes a shared understanding between the business and IT on how to use IT for competitive advantage and innovation.

Represents greater strategic authority of the CIO. Shared understanding and greater strategic authority of the CIO can facilitate faster development, advancement and approval of innovative IT-supported business ideas.

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 Article 1 - The Changing Role of the CIO

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 Article 1 - The Changing Role of the CIO

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1)   What is the key point of the article?

The key point of the article are:

1. Outsourcing actually does not save money

2. The role of CIOs changed from managing technology services to becoming a business integrator

3. CIOs new responsibility is the need to provide real business value.

2)   What did you learn/find the most valuable from the article? Relate it to this week lesson.
The role/responsibilities of CIO, with the way how CIO manage & counter any challenges that facing

3)   How outsourcing changed the role of CIO? Please describe the changes.
Outsourcing changed the role of CIO from managing IT department to becoming business integrator.  Outsourcing also make CIO as a business partner to the company and also to the vendor. Through business units that drive the strategic of a business it will be much less to integrate and bring this best provider together so that we can focus on our core. It can also benefit from further cutting cost. The CIO will also focus on core business to illustrate IT costs for improvements for greater recognition.

4)  What is the core competency of CIOs?
The core competency of the CIOs are:

1. The need to think out of the box and become more idealistic

2. A better communicator based on competence, credibility, interpersonal interaction and trust with other managers

3. Need to have a strong networking with other industry players.

4. Have a competent attitude in managing and strategizing the business

5)   Describe the meaning of champion?
Champion is a person who is an expert in his/her field. Champion is also able to guide others.

6)   Can CIO be considered as champion?
Yes, because CIO has expertise in their field and can adapt any challenges

7)   Does outsourcing demoted CIO roles?
No, outsourcing does not demote CIO roles as it gives the opportunity to the CIO to change their role to business integrator. Outsourcing also makes CIOs are more equal with other top executives. It also let them become a business partner.