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1-5 centuries – during the time of Roman empire the definition of Corpora has been established– as a body distinct from its parts.Romans had 5 conditions distinguishing corpora/universitas from an individual:1.	It should have at least three members2.	The decisions are made by majority vote3.	The external actions performed via an agent4.	The debts are ascribed to the organization and not individual members5.	It can own property as a unity – the property does not belong to any individual member but to the whole organization (Duryea,2000).

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1-5 centuries – during the time of Roman empire the definition of Corpora has been established– as a body distinct from its parts.Romans had 5 conditions distinguishing corpora/universitas from an individual:1.	It should have at least three members2.	The decisions are made by majority vote3.	The external actions performed via an agent4.	The debts are ascribed to the organization and not individual members5.	It can own property as a unity – the property does not belong to any individual member but to the whole organization (Duryea,2000).

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4th century – monastery schools started to appear.

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4th century – monastery schools started to appear.

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7th century – Charlemaigne obligated all monasteries and cathedrals to have their own schools with the goal of preparing noble male students for clerical vows and leading the churches

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7th century – Charlemaigne obligated all monasteries and cathedrals to have their own schools with the goal of preparing noble male students for clerical vows and leading the churches

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1088 – the university of Bologna – the earliest of universities was established. A group of scholars and educators form Bologna received certain permissions and privileges from the Catholic church to become a corpora/universitas (Freedom Project Media, 2017).

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1088 – the university of Bologna – the earliest of universities was established. A group of scholars and educators form Bologna received certain permissions and privileges from the Catholic church to become a corpora/universitas (Freedom Project Media, 2017).

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10-12th century – European Catholic church clerks established universities throughout France, Italy and Spain with some appearing in Paris. 

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10-12th century – European Catholic church clerks established universities throughout France, Italy and Spain with some appearing in Paris. 

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1158 – Emperor Frederik I gave students of Bologna privileges to congregate and begin courses of study. This was the university of ‘students.’ This model shaped universities of Spain and Latin America. 

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1158 – Emperor Frederik I gave students of Bologna privileges to congregate and begin courses of study. This was the university of ‘students.’ This model shaped universities of Spain and Latin America. 

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1231 – the Paris university was awarded autonomy as an educational ‘universitas’ (group). The Parisian model involved vigorous study of basic literacy followed by scholastic philosophy directed at interpreting religious doctrines (Moore, 2019). It was the university of ‘masters.’ This model carried over to Cambridge, Oxford, and the universities of North America.

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1231 – the Paris university was awarded autonomy as an educational ‘universitas’ (group). The Parisian model involved vigorous study of basic literacy followed by scholastic philosophy directed at interpreting religious doctrines (Moore, 2019). It was the university of ‘masters.’ This model carried over to Cambridge, Oxford, and the universities of North America.

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1233 – Pope Gregory IX issued a papal bull that allowed anyone admitted to be a teacher in Toulouse had the right to teach in any other university without being ‘recertified’. This principal of the universal credential admittance is still valid today.

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1233 – Pope Gregory IX issued a papal bull that allowed anyone admitted to be a teacher in Toulouse had the right to teach in any other university without being ‘recertified’. This principal of the universal credential admittance is still valid today.

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15th century – the right to create corpora was taken from the universities in Paris and England by the ruling kings and emperors. Their approval has become key to confirmation of old charter and formation of new ones.

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15th century – the right to create corpora was taken from the universities in Paris and England by the ruling kings and emperors. Their approval has become key to confirmation of old charter and formation of new ones.

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16th century – the law has recognized the corporations in England. The corporas/universitas now could be sued as a group not as an individual, only for the belongings that belonged to the corporation.

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16th century – the law has recognized the corporations in England. The corporas/universitas now could be sued as a group not as an individual, only for the belongings that belonged to the corporation.

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1636 - Harvard University is established. The university is overseen by a Board of Overseers created by legislative act of the Massachussets General Court. The Overseers were rather a committee than a permanentautonomous  governing board and were under control of the General Court

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1636 - Harvard University is established. The university is overseen by a Board of Overseers created by legislative act of the Massachussets General Court. The Overseers were rather a committee than a permanentautonomous  governing board and were under control of the General Court

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1642 - the board gained more autonomy and started administering the university directly

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1642 - the board gained more autonomy and started administering the university directly

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1650 - full autonomy has been granted, and the General Court created a College Corporation consisting of the president, fellows (faculty) and the treasurer additionally to the Board of Overseers. Two governing boards were governing Harvard at that time. The duties were split, and the Overseers controlled all major decisions and university funds. This trend was present in other colleges as well.

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1650 - full autonomy has been granted, and the General Court created a College Corporation consisting of the president, fellows (faculty) and the treasurer additionally to the Board of Overseers. Two governing boards were governing Harvard at that time. The duties were split, and the Overseers controlled all major decisions and university funds. This trend was present in other colleges as well.

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1819 - a court case Trustees of Dartmouth College vs Woodward held that the New Hempshire state legislature could not unilaterally rescind or amend the Charter of Dartmouth College. The corporation Charter was a contract protected from the state imparement by the Constitution. This gave an important precedent for creation of future private colleges and universities. Dartmouth Case marked and important distinction between public and private higher education institutions.

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1819 - a court case Trustees of Dartmouth College vs Woodward held that the New Hempshire state legislature could not unilaterally rescind or amend the Charter of Dartmouth College. The corporation Charter was a contract protected from the state imparement by the Constitution. This gave an important precedent for creation of future private colleges and universities. Dartmouth Case marked and important distinction between public and private higher education institutions.

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1862 - the Morrill Land-Grant Act stimulated the growth of universities by offering curricula in agriculture and mechanical arts. 

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1862 - the Morrill Land-Grant Act stimulated the growth of universities by offering curricula in agriculture and mechanical arts. 

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1870-1900 - the research university has become an established part of the national academia. Beurocratic structures also developed with the expansion of universities. The boards still consisted of trusties and the president, however, the social composition of trusties was changing. It has become more secular and more business oriented.  

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1870-1900 - the research university has become an established part of the national academia. Beurocratic structures also developed with the expansion of universities. The boards still consisted of trusties and the president, however, the social composition of trusties was changing. It has become more secular and more business oriented.  

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1860-es - Alumni Trustee movement gained force. Alumni businessmen began to occupy positions on giverning boards. They were more interested in the college athletics representing the college  than in academia. They solicited donations, represented college, and aproved institutional budgets.

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1860-es - Alumni Trustee movement gained force. Alumni businessmen began to occupy positions on giverning boards. They were more interested in the college athletics representing the college  than in academia. They solicited donations, represented college, and aproved institutional budgets.

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1900 - Association of American Universities was founded by thirteen American institutions including Harvard, Johns Hopkins, and Columbia

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1900 - Association of American Universities was founded by thirteen American institutions including Harvard, Johns Hopkins, and Columbia

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1915 - formation of American Association of University Professors (AAUP) demonstarted the growing demand of the academic profession for autonomy and protection of the ideals. There were often clashes between the presidents and faculty over the academic or administartive policies (Ricci, 1999).

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1915 - formation of American Association of University Professors (AAUP) demonstarted the growing demand of the academic profession for autonomy and protection of the ideals. There were often clashes between the presidents and faculty over the academic or administartive policies (Ricci, 1999).

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1916 - The Committee on College and University Governance is created

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1916 - The Committee on College and University Governance is created

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1917 - Status of Women in College and University Faculties Committee is created

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1917 - Status of Women in College and University Faculties Committee is created

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1960-es - rise of faculty unions and collective bargaining at public colleges and universities. Students participated in campus disorders seeking, among other demands, participation in university and college governing bodies (Ricci, 1999).

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1960-es - rise of faculty unions and collective bargaining at public colleges and universities. Students participated in campus disorders seeking, among other demands, participation in university and college governing bodies (Ricci, 1999).

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1980 - The United States Supreme Court's Yeshiva decision made it extremely hard to unionize in private colleges and universities (Ricci, 1999).

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1980 - The United States Supreme Court's Yeshiva decision made it extremely hard to unionize in private colleges and universities (Ricci, 1999).

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1990 - the Committe on Part-time and Term-appointed faculty was created within AAUP

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1990 - the Committe on Part-time and Term-appointed faculty was created within AAUP

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20th century -present – the board has gone through the transformation from very inactive members mainly concerned with donations to the members who are involved in cooperation with the faculty and staff to achieve common goals that benefit all stakeholders (AssocGovBoards, 2014).

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20th century -present – the board has gone through the transformation from very inactive members mainly concerned with donations to the members who are involved in cooperation with the faculty and staff to achieve common goals that benefit all stakeholders (AssocGovBoards, 2014).