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When benchmarks are not available, national norms can serve as a standard that can generalize to a broader population

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Benchmarks are cut scores that have been determined to reliably predict proficient performance on an external test in an area.

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To inform the decisions we make during the process of instruction or intervention

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Two definitions:
(1) The test is given in a standard fashion, meaning that there is administration and scoring procedures set out for everyone to follow.
(2) A standard (the benchmark or norm) has been established so scores can be interpreted in terms of a validated referent.

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A strong foundational knowledge base, effective skill sets, and the ethical principles to guide assessment practice throughout one's professional career.

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Informal assessments are those spontaneous forms of assessment that can easily be incorporated in the day-to-day classroom activities and that measure the students' performance and progress. Informal assessments are content and performance driven.

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The formative assessment process acts as an assessment FOR learning, educators use the results to inform instruction.

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Formal assessments are the systematic, data-based tests that measure what and how well the students have learned. Formal assessments determine the students' proficiency or mastery of the content, and can be used for comparisons against certain standards.

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Summative assessments gauge student performance against a defined set of content standards & assigns a grade or proficiency level. It is an assessment OF learning & provides a snapshot of what a students knows at a particular point.

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Used to determine if students can demonstrate their knowledge of certain tasks at specified performance levels.

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A written record of events or conditions that occur over a specified amount of time

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An assessment method that typically involves the collection of student work.

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An assessment method that uses curriculum skill measures or probes that are given on a systematic basis to document and monitor students's academic skill development.

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A scoring measure where a single score or rating, based on listed performance criteria, is used to represent a student's entire work.

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Exit slips are written student responses to questions teachers pose at the end of a class or lesson. These quick, informal assessments enable teachers to quickly assess students' understanding of the material.