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"The Transcaucasian Trail- Hiking the Caucasus" 

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"The Transcaucasian Trail- Hiking the Caucasus" 

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Check out this awesome video of the Caucasus!

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The Transcaucasian Trail- Hiking the Caucasus

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The Caucasus Mountains are a mountain system in Eurasia between the Black Sea and the Caspian Sea in the Caucasus region.

Elevation: 18,510′

Area: 184,359 mi²

Highest point: Mount Elbrus

Countries: Turkey, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Russia, Iran

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Caucasus Mountain

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Satellite image of the Caucasus Mountain's.

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Transcaucasia turned to it's independent coalition of the TSFR but later dissolved after the USSR took complete control of it. After the USSR fell and due to the Caucus Mountains separating Transcaucasia the countries within became independent and were now known as the Transcaucasian Republics.

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"About the South Caucus" (Transcaucasia) educational video. 

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"About the South Caucus" (Transcaucasia) educational video. 

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Some leaders of Transcaucasia during the TSFSR 

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Some leaders of Transcaucasia during the TSFSR 

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Gevork Alikhanyan (December 1920 – April 1921)

Sergey Lukashin (April 1921 – 29 April 1922)

Askanaz Mravyan (29 April 1922 – March 1923)

Ashot Hovhannisyan (March 1923 – July 1927)

Haik Osepyan (July 1927 – April 1928)

Aykaz Kostanyan (April 1928 – 7 May 1930)

Aghasi Khanjian (7 May 1930 – 6 July 1936)

These 7 Leaders of the TSFR helped shape the countries of Transcaucasia to its modern-day form, however these leaders affected the country of Armenia, a capitol like Georgia.

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The Transcaucasian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic (Transcaucasian SFSR or TSFSR), also known as the Transcaucasian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic, was a constituent republic of the Soviet Union that existed from 1922 to 1936.[1][2] It embraced Armenia, Azerbaijan and Georgia. As they were separated from Russia by the Caucasus Mountains, they were known traditionally as the Transcaucasian Republics.

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Timeline: Azerbaijan
A chronology of key events:1828 - Turkmanchay treaty between Russia, Persia divides Azerbaijan. Territory of present-day Azerbaijan becomes part of Russian empire while southern Azerbaijan is part of Persia. | BAKUMinaret looks out over oil derricks in Azerbaijan's capitalPopulation: 1.7 million2004: Oil boom destroys Baku charm 1848-49 - World's first oil well is drilled south of Baku.1879 - Nobel brothers set up oil-production company.1918 - Independent Azerbaijani Republic declared.1920 - Red Army invades; Azerbaijan is declared a Soviet Socialist Republic.Soviet rule1922 - Azerbaijan, part of Transcaucasian Soviet Federative Republic, becomes founder member of Soviet Union.1936 - Transcaucasian Soviet Federative Republic dissolved ; Azerbaijan becomes full republic of Soviet Union.1967 - Heydar Aliyev becomes head of Azerbaijani KGB; becomes head of Azerbaijani Communist Party in 1969.1982 - Heydar Aliyev becomes full member of Soviet Politburo and first deputy chairman of USSR Council of Ministers.1987 - Heydar Aliyev leaves Politburo and Council of Ministers.Soviet era ends in violence1988 - Nagorno-Karabakh region seeks to become part of Armenia. Ethnic Azeris begin to leave Karabakh and Armenia and ethnic Armenians leave Azerbaijan. At least 26 ethnic Armenians and six Azeris are killed in violence in Azerbaijani town of Sumqayit. | Full-scale war in Nagorno-Karabakh claimed 30,000 livesRegions and territories: Nagorno-Karabakh 2001: Fear and loathing in the Caucasus 2000: Tug-of-war for Nagorno-Karabakh 1990 - Ethnic strife between Armenians and Azeris escalates. Azeri nationalist Popular Front rallies support amid growing disorder.Trouble flares along border between Nakhichevan exclave and Iran as rioters destroy border installations. Tension eases after Soviet and Iranian authorities agree to ease restrictions on crossing between the two countries.Dozens die in interethnic violence in Baku. Popular Front demonstrators demand resignation of communist authorities. Soviet troops use force to end unrest, killing at least 100 people. Azeri nationalists put death toll at several hundred.Ayaz Mutallibov becomes Azeri Communist Party leader.Communist Party later retains power in multiparty elections but parliament has an opposition for the first time.

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Key Events : Georgia http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/country_profiles/1102575.stm         The Geography : http://www.encyclopedia.com/topic/Transcaucasia.aspx                                      Key Events : Azerbaijan http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/country_profiles/1235740.stm    Caucasus Mountains : https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caucasus_Mountains                                                Well known Leaders : https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_leaders_of_Armenia                                    Political Background of Transcaucasia :                       https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transcaucasia

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1801-04 - Most of present-day Georgia becomes part of the Russian Empire.

| Tbilisi has seen the passage of Persians, Arabs, Turks, RussiansFounded in fifth centuryPopulation: 1.4 million

1918 - Independent Georgian state declared.

1921 - Red Army invades. Georgia declared a Soviet Socialist Republic.

1922 - Georgia, as part of the Transcaucasian Soviet Federative Republic, becomes a founder member of the Soviet Union.

1936 - Transcaucasian Soviet Federative Republic dissolved and Georgia becomes a full republic of the Soviet Union.

1972 - Eduard Shevardnadze appointed head of the Georgian Communist Party.

1989 April - Soviet troops kill 19 pro-independence demonstrators in Tbilisi.

1989 - Demands for more autonomy in the South Ossetia region lead to violent clashes between Georgians and Ossetians. Russian peacekeepers are deployed.

1990 - Nationalist coalition wins multi-party parliamentary elections; former dissident Zviad Gamsakhurdia becomes chairman of parliament.

1990 - 1991 - Growing South Ossetian independence aspirations bring further violence between separatist and Georgian forces. Hundreds die and tens of thousands flee their homes.

Independence

1991 - Georgian parliament declares secession from the Soviet Union after independence is overwhelmingly supported in a referendum.

Clashes in Tbilisi preceded the coup that ousted Gamsakhurdia

Gamsakhurdia is elected president by more than 85% of the votes cast.

1992 January - Gamsakhurdia is deposed after fighting in central Tbilisi between government troops and opposition militias.

South Ossetians vote in favour of independence in an unrecognized referendum.

1992 March - Shevardnadze is appointed head of the newly formed State Council.

Abkhazia crisis

1992 August - Fighting breaks out in Abkhazia between Georgian government troops and separatist forces.

1992 October - Shevardnadze is directly elected chairman of parliament.

| 10,000 died as Abkhazia tried to break away from Georgia
Regions and territories: Abkhazia 2003: Georgia's forgotten conflict

1993 September - Georgian troops driven out of Abkhazia by separatist forces.

1993 October - Insurrection by Gamsakhurdia supporters in western Georgia is suppressed after Georgia agrees to join the CIS and receives help from Russian troops.

1994 - Georgian government and Abkhaz separatists sign a ceasefire agreement, paving the way for the deployment of a Russian peacekeeping force in the region.

New constitution adopted which provides for a strong executive presidency. New currency, the lari, introduced.

1995 November - Shevardnadze wins elections to the restored post of president.

1997 Death penalty abolished.

2000 April - Shevardnadze re-elected president.

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Fun Facts : Things manufactured with its resources 

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Fun Facts : Things manufactured with its resources 

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Manufactures include oil-industry machinery, mining equipment, metal products, automobiles, chemicals, plastics, cotton and silk cloth, and leather footwear.

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The region's natural resources are oil, manganese, copper, clays, and building stones.

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Between the Greater Caucasus in the north and the Lesser Caucasus in the south is the Colchis lowland. The Kura, Rion, Inguri, and Alazan rivers are important for both hydroelectricity and irrigation.

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Transcaucasia is a  transitional region between Europe and Asia, extending from the Greater Caucasus to the Turkish and Iranian borders, between the Black and Caspian seas. It comprises the Republics of  Georgia,  Armenia, and Azerbaijan.  Tbilisi   Baki, Batumi,  Yerevan, and  Kutaisi are the major cities.