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This transformation efficiency description is incorrect.  The method for calculating this was in the lab handout.  The number of colonies transformed was 1.

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This transformation efficiency description is incorrect.  The method for calculating this was in the lab handout.  The number of colonies transformed was 1.

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Transformation efficiency is the efficiency by which cells can take up extracellular DNA and express genes encoded by it. This is based on the competence of the cells. It can be calculated by dividing the number of successful transformants by the amount of DNA used during a transformation procedure.

Amount of DNA: (4 colonies) divided by number of successful transformations: (0) = 0

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Our evidence did not support our claim because of the errors we made in the lab procedure. Instead of using a new pipet for each substance, we used the same pipet without changing them out. This resulted in the mixing of the liquids, making it an unideal environment for E. Coli to grow in. Had we done this experiment correctly, our evidence would have supported our claim and turned out like the picture of the bioluminescent E. Coli shown above; however, due to our error with the pipets, the evidence refutes our claim. This evidence is important because it shows how substances affect the growth of E. Coli, considering the minor exchange of substances through a pipet altered the entire experiment and did not allow for any E. Coli to grow.

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The last plate was expected to undergo slight change, as the additional bacterial colonies were included. However, almost no visible change too place, adding the evidence of the other plates which proved the lab's failure. More than likely, the lab's failure is at the fault of error: the reusing of pipets. Because of the overworked pipets, transformations were negatively affected and thus, the experiment failed.

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Though this was the plate where the colonies should have glowed green, as it had the sugar arabinose, it did not. The arabinose sugar usually turns on a gene's expression after it binds to a regulatory protein, which then detaches from the operator: effectively transcribing the gene. It also should have some bacterial colonies, as it had ampicillin, which promotes growth in transformed E. Coli cells. However, the lack of colony growth, specifically glowing ones, make it clear that an error was made in the procedure of this lab. The error resulted from the lack of switching pipets between transferring liquids within this lab. The unsterile pipets then disallowed the transformation to occur. The picture to the right shows what should have occurred on this plate with LB, ampicillin, and arabinose sugar.

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This plate underwent no real change, which was expected. This prediction was due to the lack of addition of bacterial colonies, and was indicated by the "-" on the plate's tape. Though the result of this plate alone could indicate a successful experiment, the other plate's allow for the determination to be made that the lab failed.

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LB nutrient agar was poured into the plate labeled LB. The LB plate was not supposed to fluoresce green light, but it was supposed to exhibit new colony growth; however, there was an error that occurred during the procedure of the lab that involved transferring substances with the same pipet. Because the same pipet was used, the liquids were mixed; thus, preventing the glowing E. Coli cells.

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The insertion of the GFP gene from bioluminescent jellyfish into E. Coli can transform E. Coli into a bioluminescent form by expression of the GFP gene into the green fluorescent protein, glowing green.

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Can the insertion of the GFP gene from bioluminescent jellyfish into e. coli  change/transform e. coli into a bioluminescent form/phenotype by expression  of the GFP gene into the green fluorescent protein that glows green?

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Emilie Bero
Alyssa Heisen
Rebecca Tapanes
Madison Reynolds