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Here are the instructions in English. Can you do it?

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Origami Mouth Puppet (Kissing Lips) - How to Fold

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#AlbumRSF - Robert Capa, de Budapest à Tonkin : la légende

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Bienvenue sur le site de Reporter sans frontières | RSF

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Reporters sans frontières assure la promotion et la défense de la liberté d'informer et d'être informé partout dans le monde. L'organisation, basée à Paris, compte des bureaux à l'international (Berlin, Bruxelles, Genève, Madrid, Stockholm, Tripoli, Tunis, Vienne et Washington DC) et plus de 150 correspondants répartis sur les cinq continents.

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Find examples of violations of press freedom here

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are imprisoned at this time

Details in 2018

The table below covers only journalists for whom RSF was able to clearly establish that they were killed or imprisoned in connection with their journalistic work. It does not include those who were killed or imprisoned for reasons unrelated to their work or for whom the link with their work has not yet been confirmed.

Afghanistan (13)

United States (6)

Indonesia (1)

Mexico (6)

Nicaragua (1)

Slovakia (1)

Yemen (5)

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2016 Violations of press freedom barometer | Reporters without borders

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are imprisoned at this time The table below covers only journalists for whom RSF was able to clearly establish that they were killed or imprisoned in connection with their journalistic work. It does not include those who were killed or imprisoned for reasons unrelated to their work or for whom the link with their work has not yet been confirmed.

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Press freedom Index

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Paradise Papers Lesson

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Commuters reading the official newspaper on a Pyongyang Metro platform. Image by Max Pinckers/The New Yorker. North Korea, 2017.

May 3 is World Press Freedom Day. Every day, journalists risk their personal safety to tell the stories that need to be told, but we all have an important role to play: pressing stories only make an impact if the public is listening and engaged. Share the importance of a free press and an engaged public with your students this week with the five multimedia stories below! Each story is accompanied by a lesson plan. The Pulitzer Center celebrates World Press Freedom Day every year, but this year learning looks different than in previous years. Now, find all five lessons below updated with printable and individual student-facing activities so that students can celebrate free press and public discourse from home.

Want your class to meet someone working to keep the media free, rigorous, and independent? Email education@pulitzercenter.org to Skype with a Pulitzer Center journalist for World Press Freedom Day or year-round!

This bilingual English-Spanish documentary short introduces Miguel Angel Jiménez Blanco, an activist in Mexico who held power to account and exposed government corruption using his cell phone, and paid the ultimate price for his critical work. Explore the use of technology in activism and the hazards of spreading important information against the interests of powerful people with this lesson plan.

Despite Morocco's recently relaxed free expression laws, many journalists are still being penalized for keeping power in check, leading to a climate of self-censorship. Jackie Spinner reports on how journalists are coping and the role of citizens in ensuring a free press for the Christian Science Monitor. Use this 15-minute lesson plan to guide a nuanced class discussion.

"To go between Washington and Pyongyang at this nuclear moment is to be struck, most of all, by how little the two understand each other," writes Evan Osnos for the New Yorker. Last year, Osnos traveled to North Korea and came back with stories of what the absence of a free press looks like-and the dangers it can present for a country and the world. This lesson plan asks students to place themselves in Osnos's shoes and imagine the responsibility of the journalist in a place of very limited free expression.

This massive investigative journalism project exposes how political leaders, businesspeople, and the wealthy elite around the world use offshore entities to avoid taxes and cover up wrongdoing. UNESCO defines investigative journalism as "the unveiling of matters that are concealed either deliberately by someone in a position of power, or accidentally, behind a chaotic mass of facts and circumstances - and the analysis and exposure of all relevant facts to the public." Well executed, it always holds power to account. Use this lesson plan to introduce students to investigative journalism, let them try out its practices themselves, and introduce them to the Paradise Papers, a historic journalistic undertaking.

This documentary short introduces the potential dangers of international reporting and shows the impact journalists' career choices can have on their families. Using this lesson plan, students can reflect on the mission of a journalist, evaluate the challenges that journalists face when reporting on global conflict, and make action plans for embarking on reporting projects that could be potentially dangerous.

Get your students ready for World Press Freedom Day with a discussion of why journalism and global news matter, featuring an interview with reporting legend Marvin Kalb.

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5 Lesson Plans to Celebrate World Press Freedom Day

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May 3 is World Press Freedom Day. Every day, journalists risk their personal safety to tell the stories that need to be told, but we all have an important role to play: pressing stories only make an impact if the public is listening and engaged.

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HOW TO... Critically evaluate online information

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HOW TO... Critically evaluate online information

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Want to give it a try?

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Below you will find several definitions and activities associated with the online critical evaluation tasks that research suggests are particularly challenging for students who read information to learn on the Internet. We will explore each of these activities during our time together, taking time to network with other teachers to reflect on how best to support these important online reading strategies with your students.

Online Reading Comprehension Strategy Instruction to Support Aspects of Critical Evaluation

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Instructional Strategies for Critically Evaluating Online Information

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Below you will find several definitions and activities associated with the online critical evaluation tasks that research suggests are particularly challenging for students who read information to learn on the Internet. We will explore each of these activities during our time together, taking time to network with other teachers to reflect on how best to support these important online reading strategies with your students.

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How to make sure News GO VIRAL!
Example: Misinformation during Covid 19

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¿A quién le pertenece la información? ¿Hay un derecho a información? ¿Dónde te informas?

Te suenan estos nombres? Jeff Bezos, Michael Bloomberg, Rupert Murdoch, Donald & Samuel Newhouse, Cox Family, John Henry, Sheldon Adelson, Joe Mansueto, Mortimer Zuckerman, Barbey Family, Stanley Hubbard,Patrick Soon-Shiong, Carlos Slim Helu, Warren Buffett, Viktor Vekselberg. Behind the scenes, the billionaires control the news.

Many media personalities are millionaires with large contracts: Rachel Maddow, Wolf Blitzer, George Stephanopoulos.

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"In 1983, the largest 50 corporations controlled 90 percent of the media. Today, as a result of massive mergers and takeovers, six corporations control 90 percent of what we see, hear, and read...These powerful corporations also have an agenda, and it would be naive not to believe that their views and needs impact coverage of issues important to them." - Bernie Sanders, 2017

Media Consolidation : We should discourage media market consolidation and create space for diverse and substantive journalism. We should encourage competition between cable companies in order to lower prices. We should support local, independent media outlets.

Internet Access & Net Neutrality : The Internet should be free and open, and Internet service providers (ISPs) should treat all data that travels over their networks equally, without prioritizing some customers, sites, or services over others.

Media Consolidation

"Why is it that the mainstream media sees politics as entertainment, and largely ignores the major crises facing our country? The answer lies in the fact that corporate media is owned by, well, large multinational corporations." - Bernie Sanders, 2017

Many media personalities are millionaires with large contracts: Rachel , Wolf , George Stephanopoulos . As Bernie says, "That does not make them evil or bad people. It just makes them very wealthy, corporate employees who bring to their jobs the perspective that very wealthy corporate employees bring."

But there aren't just six TV networks! I have hundreds of different news channels and shows to choose from.

True, but more than 90 percent of these different channels - whether they report news, broadcast sports, or re-run sitcoms - are subsidiaries of the same six networks . For example, Disney has different media outlets including Pixar Animation, Marvel Studios, and 21st Century Fox . And the consolidations .

Here's a detailed infographic that shows the full scope of the situation:

Source

Wow, how did only a handful of corporations get control of all the major networks?

What about internet news? Do only a few companies control internet news too?

Yes. The consolidation of media extends into digital too. Here's a chart that show the extent of control over internet news by just a few media companies.

But just because these networks and stations are all owned by the same people, it doesn't necessarily mean they're biased, right?

Why does this matter?

So what does Bernie have to say about it?

"We cannot live in a vibrant democracy unless people get divergent sources of information." - Bernie Sanders

"In my view, it will be very dangerous for our country and communities around America when one company is able to own a local newspaper, television station and radio station. Opposing points of view won't be heard and our democracy will suffer."

Has Bernie tried to do anything about it?

Bernie has consistently opposed media consolidation including, the voting against Telecommunications Act of 1996 mentioned above. Each time the FCC has tried to weaken media ownership regulations, Bernie has been on the front lines fighting for stronger protections for diversity in media.

Internet Access & Net Neutrality

"What net neutrality means is that everyone has the same access to the same information regardless of whether they are rich or poor, a major media outlet or a small blog. We have to close the digital gap, not expand it." - Bernie February 20, 2017

In 2011, the United Nations declared access to the Internet to be a human right . Not only is it the largest source of global information exchange, our economy relies on it . After all, you're on this site learning about Bernie's positions and policies right now. And the fact that it's completely decentralized is what makes it so useful. And, It's .

Everyone knows the Internet is great. What does it have to do with politics?

There's something called "net neutrality," which refers to the principle that Internet service providers (ISPs) should treat all data that travels over their communications networks on an equal basis. That means that ISPs should not charge different rates to different customers or content-providers and should not give certain data special priority over their networks while interfering with the transmission of other information.

Want to know more about the case for net neutrality? Check out this video:

So where does Bernie stand on the issue?

Bernie supports net neutrality , the principle that information traveling over the internet should all be treated and routed equally, without preferential treatment. Bernie believes we have to close the digital gap, not expand it .

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Bernie Sanders on Media Ownership & Telecommunications

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"In 1983, the largest 50 corporations controlled 90 percent of the media. Today, as a result of massive mergers and takeovers, six corporations control 90 percent of what we see, hear, and read...These powerful corporations also have an agenda, and it would be naive not to believe that their views and needs impact coverage of issues important to them."

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101 pages, but don´t worry! You only need to have a look at the images.
NO LITERACY REQUIRED!

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German news Deutsche Welle in English

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DW: There have been over 400 cases of press freedom violations in the United States since late May, according to the Committee to Protect Journalists (CPJ). What do these violations look like?
Courtney Radsch: We've been working closely with the US Press Freedom Tracker, which is doing all of the investigations and documentations. The Committee to Protect Journalists is a founding partner of the tracker and we have been investigating more than 400 incidents since the outbreak of the protests over racial injustice and police brutality on May 26.

Those incidents include arrests by police, assaults by police and protesters, the targeting of protesters with projectiles, stealing of equipment and a range of different attacks which we are documenting and making available on the US Press Freedom Tracker website.
One of those incidents involved a DW reporter named Stefan Simons. He was shot at with rubber bullets and threatened with arrest in Minneapolis several weeks ago. How typical is his experience based on your research?
Unfortunately, Stefan's experience of getting shot at by the police with non-lethal projectiles is not uncommon. During the past few weeks, we have recorded at least 89 rubber bullet or projectile incidents, 27 pepper sprayings is 49 tear gassings.

Not all of those were necessarily directed at the journalists because they were journalists. Sometimes it's simply an issue of being in a protest in a crowd. But there were numerous incidents in which the police targeted journalists. We are deeply concerned about this and we are requesting that the police open investigations into these incidents.
What does that tell us about the state of freedom of the press when police knowingly go after journalists in front of live cameras in a country like the US, which is supposed to be a "beacon of democracy"?
I think it is really disturbing that, despite the fact that law enforcement knows there are cameras rolling, that they are even live on television, they have still perpetrated these attacks. And, it goes back an even longer way. I grew up in Los Angeles during the Rodney King beating, which was caught on tape. And then, those police officers got off without any charges. That led to a big uprising in the Los Angeles area. So this actually stretches back to 1991, '92, in this country and, of course, much further beyond that.
Local journalism in the US has taken a huge hit over the past 10 to 15 years. Over 20% of newspapers have died out. Over half of newsroom jobs have been axed. And just recently, as a result of the pandemic, at least 36,000 journalists have either lost their jobs, been furloughed or taken a salary cut. Do you see that downward trend in journalism correlated in any way with the upswing in attacks on journalists? Are they an easier target because they're "weak"?
I wouldn't say so much they're weak and so it's easier to attack them. I think it's more about the lack of trust in the media, the lack of knowing anyone in the media.

And the destruction of local media means that many police forces and local law enforcement don't actually know the journalists who are covering them. There used to be a different type of relationship where, maybe you would be able to identify local journalists and then you would know that, oh, they're allowed behind police lines or whatever.

Radsch: 'Journalists are in grave danger around the world'

There are a combination of factors, including the decline in local news and the decline in newsrooms, where these journalists are not only stretched thin in terms of the beats they're reporting on and their ability to build these relationships.

But also, I think people increasingly don't understand how journalism relates to their daily lives. There's this tendency to equate journalism or the media with a couple of mainstream media outlets that are the constant target of President Trump's ire. But in fact, most of the journalism that's happening at the local level is really important to individuals in these communities. But I think it's hard for them to really understand or see that on a daily basis.
What would it mean - even if only symbolically - for journalists around the world if freedom of the press were further eroded in the US?
Well, first off, we've already seen the US decline in terms of its leadership on press freedom and human rights more broadly around the world. We've seen this not only through the withdrawal from the Human Rights Council and UNESCO and these other fora of international cooperation focused on things like human rights. But also we've seen this in the constant berating and denigration of the press by President Trump and other politicians.

We've also tracked how the fake news rhetoric and the attempt to delegitimize independent journalism through calling it "fake news" has reverberated around the world and been adopted by leaders as diverse as Duterte in the Philippines, Bolsonaro in Brazil, Orban in Hungary, Putin in Russia, and China and Egypt. These countries that really don't need a pretense to crack down are not nonetheless happy to have one in the guise of fake news.

Journalists are experiencing 'unprecedented' aggression from authorities, according to CPJ findings

And now we see, wrapped up in the coronavirus, people and the public are giving them a greater pass to crack down and control information when it's framed as about health. Then you top this with the images of police brutality against journalists, not to mention the protesters they were covering. It is really a dangerous combination of the decline in leadership and the fact is there's no one else waiting in the wings to pick up this mantle. So journalists are in grave danger around the world because of this.

And I would add one more thing, Jamal Khashoggi and the failure to respond to that murder and to hold Saudi Arabia accountable despite the intelligence reports and every other piece of evidence looking at that. You know, these combinations of factors have created a condition that I've never seen in my lifetime in terms of covering press freedom and being a journalist.

Dr. Courtney Radsch is an American journalist and advocacy director at the Committee to Protect Journalists. She's also the author of Cyberactivism and citizen journalism in Egypt: Digital dissidence and political change.
This interview has been edited and condensed for clarity.

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US sees over 400 attacks on press freedom in under a month - but why? | DW | 19.06.2020

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DW: There have been over 400 cases of press freedom violations in the United States since late May, according to the Committee to Protect Journalists (CPJ). What do these violations look like? Courtney Radsch: We've been working closely with the US Press Freedom Tracker, which is doing all of the investigations and documentations.

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La libertad de expresión en cuatro viñetas de Mafalda

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Hace unas semanas nos dejó "Quino", el célebre creador de Mafalda, una de las historietas más consumidas en América Latina y el mundo. En ese sentido, quisimos rendirle un breve homenaje con el que fue uno de sus principales temas de denuncia, nos referimos a la censura frente a la libertad de expresión.

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Censored by Facebook, Youtube, Twitter,...

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Censored by Facebook, Youtube, Twitter,...

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This is just one example of people being censored by one of the TechGiants

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- Facebook is taking a wrong step when they censor images like these, prime minister Erna Solberg said.

Erna Solberg, the prime minister of Norway has published the famous Vietnam picture of Nick Ut. She has now been censored, in the same way as many Norwegians as well as Norway's biggest paper Aftenposten have been censored. Foto: NTB scanpix

Half of the ministers in the Norwegian government shared the famous Nick Ut photo on their Facebook pages, among them prime minister Erna Solberg from the Conservative Party (Høyre).

But after only a few hours several of the Facebook posts including the Prime Minister's post were deleted by Facebook.
- It is very regrettable that Facebook removed a post from my Facebook page, Solberg said to Aftenposten.

This is the post that was removed from Solberg's Facebook page.

Prime minister Solberg's post was removed from Facebook on the same day as Aftenpostens editor-in-chief Espen Egil Hansen sent an open letter to Facebook's CEO Mark Zuckerberg.

Before its removal, the Prime Minister's Facebook post was shared 2000 times and liked by 7000 people.

In the post, she wrote:

- This picture is part of the world history. A picture of a terrified child ecaping from war. I appreciate the work of Facebook and other media outlets in stopping pictures and content that show abuse and violence. It is important that we all contribute in the fight against violence and child abuse.

- But Facebook is taking a wrong step when they censor images like these. It works to curb the freedom of speech.

Several other ministers shared the Facebook post showing the image, including the Foreign Minister Børge Brende, Health Minister Bent Høie, Minister of Fisheries, Per Sandberg, Education Minister Torbjørn Røe Isaksen and Minister of Culture Linda Hofstad Helleland.

At time of writing, all of them were removed except Røe Isaksens post.

Facebook's response

Aftenposten received the following answer from an unnamed Facebook spokesperson:
"While we recognize that this photo is iconic, it's difficult to create a distinction between allowing a photograph of a nude child in one instance and not others. We try to find the right balance between enabling people to express themselves while maintaining a safe and respectful experience for our global community. Our solutions won't always be perfect, but we will continue to try to improve our policies and the ways in which we apply them."
Describing the image as "iconic", Education Minister Torbjørn Røe Isaksen said the picture has nothing to do with child abuse.

The Minister of Culture, Linda Hofstad Helleland, said that this case shows that "we have to put pressure on Facebook, in order for them to become more open and create clearer guidelines."
Read the full letter from Aftenpostens editor in chief.

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Norway's prime minister and several government members censored by Facebook

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Facebook is taking a wrong step when they censor images like these, prime minister Erna Solberg said. Half of the ministers in the Norwegian government shared the famous Nick Ut photo on their Facebook pages, among them prime minister Erna Solberg from the Conservative Party (Høyre).