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a category of artistic composition, as in music or literature, characterized by similarities in form, style, or subject matter. (types of photograph) ex sports,fashion,nature

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The 35 mm format, or simply 35 mm, is the common name for the 36×24 mm film format or image sensor format used in photography. It has an aspect ratio of 3:2, and a diagonal measurement of approximately 43 mm

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A twin-lens reflex camera is a type of camera with two objective lenses of the same focal length. One of the lenses is the photographic objective or "taking lens", while the other is used for the viewfinder system, which is usually viewed from above at waist level.

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A camera obscura is a darkened room with a small hole or lens at one side through which an image is projected onto a wall or table opposite the hole. "Camera obscura" can also refer to analogous constructions such as a box or tent in which an exterior image is projected inside.

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The gelatin silver process is the most commonly used chemical process in black-and-white photography, and is the fundamental chemical process for modern analog color photography. As such, films and printing papers available for analog photography rarely rely on any other chemical process to record an image.

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A person who collect, exhibit maintain the photo collection at a museum

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a public display of works of art or items of interest, held in an art gallery or museum or at a trade fair.

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a room or building for the display or sale of works of art.

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a building in which objects of historical, scientific, artistic, or cultural interest are stored and exhibited.

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A photography studio will usually start out as a blank space, meaning just an empty room. The photographer will then develop backdrops and decide what to include and exclude from the photo, such as costumes for models and props

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Line is marked with more than width, lines can be horizontal diagonal,vertical

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an element of art that is two dimensional lines combine to make shapes.

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3 dimensional shapes

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The lightness and darkness of colors or tones

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made up of three parts, hue-name of color,value-hues lightness and darkness,intenstiy brightness/darkenss. shows emotion

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positvie or negative areas;depth

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the way things look/feel

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distribution of equal weight

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An area that catches your eye, something that stands out

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How your eyes move across the photo

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The repeating of the pattern

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Works with patterns to make art seem Attractive, creates unity

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All parts relate to each other

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A feeling of harmony created between all worlds of art, Subjective feel good

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Radial symmetry is created when an image is symmetrical around a central point or axis, like a sunflower viewed head-on. Radial symmetry creates a strong sense of unity in a work of art, and is common in sacred images.

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Symmetrical balance (or Symmetry) means that the work of art is the same on one side as the other, a mirror image of itself, onboth sides of a center line. Asymmetrical balance (or Asymmetry) means that the two halves of the work of art are different, however, try to create balance.

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lack of equality or equivalence between parts or aspects of something; lack of symmetry.

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Juxtaposition, in artwork, is the act of positioning two or more objects side by side (or close together).

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Gradients, also known as color transitions, are a gradual blending from one color to another color (or, if you're in a colorful mood, from one color to another color to another color—gradients aren't limited to two shades

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The phrase cool color is used to describe any color that is calm or soothing in nature. Cool colors are not overpowering and tend to recede in space. For this reason, cool colors typically make a space seem larger. Examples of cool colors include green, blue and violet (think calming blue waters

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Warm colors consist of orange, red, yellow, and combinations of these and similar colors. As the name indicates, they tend to make you think of warm things, such as sunlight and heat

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Neutral Colors in Art

Neutral colors are created by using white and black or are created by mixing sets of complementary colors together to make varying shades of brown. Examples of neutrals include gray, brown, tan, white, black, et

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Complementary colors are pairs of colors that contrast with each other more than any other colors, and when placed side-by-side make each other look brighter

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A monochromatic color scheme is a one-color scheme that is created using different tones of that one color. Once you have chosen your base color, you can use a color wheel to help you choose different hues of that same color, varying the saturation and tone of the base color to pick out lighter and darker hues

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Constructive criticism focuses on providing constructive feedback, supported by specific examples, to help you improve in some area. Constructive criticism should be offered in a friendly manner with good intentions.

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the practice of taking someone else's work or ideas and passing them off as one's own

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In the art world ethics are generally seen as a set of guiding principles of good practice that art managers refer to curating while organising art exhibitions. Art ethics are about individual vision and a sense of moral accountability to the various groups that art institution serves to

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Use subjective when you're talking about an opinion or feeling that is based on an individual's perspective or preferences. Use objective when you're talking about something—like an assessment, decision, or report—that's unbiased and based solely on the observable or verifiable facts.

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Copyright protects original work, whereas a trademark protects items that distinguish or identify a particular business from another. Copyright is generated automatically upon the creation of original work, whereas a trademark is established through common use of a mark in the course of business.

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The rule of thirds is a composition guideline that places your subject in the left or right third of an image, leaving the other two thirds more open. While there are other forms of composition, the rule of thirds generally leads to compelling and well-composed shots.

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Leading lines are lines that appear in a photograph that have been framed and positioned by the photographer to draw the viewer's eye towards a specific point of interest. These lines often draw the viewer's eye in a specific direction or towards a designated portion of the photograph.

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Mathematically speaking, the Golden Ratio is a ratio of 1 to 1.618, which is also known as the Golden Number. ... In our artworks, this ratio creates a pleasing aesthetic through the balance and harmony it creates.

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Negative Space Definition

And probably the clearest definition of negative space is simply that it is the space between things; the empty or blank areas, or the “holes” where the page shows through between the main design elements. For this reason negative space in design is often also referred to as “white space.”

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Positive space refers to the subject or areas of interest in an artwork, such as a person's face or figure in a portrait, the objects in a still life painting, or the trees in a landscape painting. Negative space is the background or the area that surrounds the subject of the work.

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Backlight photography emphasizes the depth behind the subject and gives images a greater sense of place. Dramatic effect. Backlighting can produce a dramatic contrast between the subject and the background. This can be an especially effective technique when shooting outdoor portraits

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Diffused lighting is most commonly used in portrait photography. The even light is flattering for subjects because it eliminates shadows, softens the face, and allows the subject to relax without squinting.

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Ambient light can be defined as any form of light that you didn't add to your photo. ... Natural ambient light can include things like sunlight, moonlight or fireflies. On the other hand, examples of artificial ambient light include: fireplaces, candles, string lights or lamps

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Chiaroscuro is a film lighting style that emphasizes shadow and light. Chiaroscuro first emerged during the Renaissance as a painting technique used to create tension between the light and dark elements in portraits and other still life

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Silhouette photography is all about getting your lighting right. A silhouette effect is created when a light source is placed behind your subject, with little to no light in front of your subject. ... That way, you're more likely to capture a warm-colored sky, and there won't be too much light brightening up your subject

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The diptych—two images combined into a single frame or presented together—originated in art as a drawing or painting in two parts. ... In photography, the diptych has become a popular format where pairs of portraits, images or themed pictures are used together to complement one another

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What is a triptych? It's a type of three-fold art that is typically hinged together as carved panels side by side. ... Triptych photography might involve taking one picture and splitting it into three different parts or shooting three separate photos that are related

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Orthographic views are two-dimensional views of three-dimensional objects. Orthographic views are created by projecting a view of an object onto a plane which is usually positioned so that it is parallel to one of the planes of the object.

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Barrel distortion describes a type of distortion wherein lines that are straight in real life appear to curve inwards (like the walls of a barrel). A good way to check for barrel distortion is to look for parallel lines in the area you are shooting and see if the lines appear parallel in your image

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a form of optical distortion in which straight lines along the edge of a screen or a lens bulge toward the center.

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What is aperture in photography? Aperture refers to the opening of a lens's diaphragm through which light passes. ... Lower f/stops give more exposure because they represent the larger apertures, while the higher f/stops give less exposure because they represent smaller apertures.

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1. a camera setting corresponding to a particular f-number.

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he focal length of a lens is determined when the lens is focused at infinity. Lens focal length tells us the angle of view—how much of the scene will be captured—and the magnification—how large individual elements will be. The longer the focal length, the narrower the angle of view and the higher the magnification.

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1. the distance between the nearest and the furthest objects that give an image judged to be in focus in a camera.

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Bokeh effect is a popular photographic technique which uses blur to focus the viewer's attention on a specific area of an image.

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Auto Mode. Automatic Exposure is when the camera chooses the optimum shutter speed, aperture, ISO and flash settings for your shot. All you need to do is point and shoot. This can be good if you have no idea of what settings to choose and also when you need to shoot quickly.

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What you need to know to become the world’s next best blogger.

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In this mode, you can manually set both the aperture and the shutter speed to any value you want – the camera lets you fully take over the exposure controls. This mode is generally used in situations, where the camera has a hard time figuring out the correct exposure in extreme lighting situations

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Aperture priority, often abbreviated A or Av (for aperture value) on a camera mode dial, is a setting on some cameras that allows the user to set a specific aperture value (f-number) while the camera selects a shutter speed to match it that will result in proper exposure based on the lighting conditions as measured by ...

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It probably sounds obvious, but you use shutter-priority mode when you need to control shutter speed and don't care (much) about aperture. You determine the shutter speed you want, and the camera automatically adjusts the aperture to maintain the correct exposure.

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Program mode (the "P" on the mode dial of most DSLRs) means that the camera still sets the exposure for you. It chooses the correct aperture and shutter speed for the light available, so your shot is correctly exposed. Program mode also unlocks other functions that give you more creative control over your images.

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Shutter speed is exactly what it sounds like: It's the speed at which the shutter of the camera closes. A fast shutter speed creates a shorter exposure — the amount of light the camera takes in — and a slow shutter speed gives the photographer a longer exposure.

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Bulb mode is simply a shutter speed option that you can select in Manual mode on your camera. It allows your shutter speed to be any length you choose: one second, one minute, 17 minutes, or anything else

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Your camera should be set to shutter priority or manual mode with a shutter speed between 1/15 and 1/60 sec, depending upon the speed of your subject. You may need to shoot a few test shots to determine your shutter speed. Using a slower shutter speed will increase blur; while a faster shutter speed will reduce blur.

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Both a tripod and monopod are accessories designed to support a camera — where the two differ are the legs. A tripod has three legs (that's the “tri”). A monopod is a camera support that has one leg (that's the “mono”). ... Construction is often similar and many brands that make tripods also make monopods.

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Camera shake is a term used to define the act of accidentally shaking a camera during shooting due to unsteady hands, which results in blurry images. This generally occurs more often if you're shooting on a low shutter speed or with a heavy lens, and can be avoided by using a tripod and cable release setup.

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long-exposure, time-exposure, or slow-shutter photography involves using a long-duration shutter speed to sharply capture the stationary elements of images while blurring, smearing, or obscuring the moving elements

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Time-lapse photography is a technique in which the frequency at which film frames are captured is much lower than the frequency used to view the sequence. When played at normal speed, time appears to be moving faster and thus lapsing

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Light painting helps you capture light trails by allowing the shutter to stay open for a longer time. No manual aperture and shutter adjustment is involved. Just choose from the available options depending on the subjects and light conditions. To reduce camera shake, a tripod is recommended to steady your phone.

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panning, in mining, simple method of separating particles of greater specific gravity (especially gold) from soil or gravels by washing in a pan with water. Panning is one of the principal techniques of the individual prospector for recovering gold and diamonds in placer (alluvial) deposits.

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Burst mode is a camera function that allows you to capture a series of photographs in quick succession. With burst mode activated, you can hold down the shutter button, and your camera will rattle off a set of photos.

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With spot metering, the camera will measure only a very small area of the scene (1–5% of the viewfinder area). ... Spot metering allows the camera to measure the light reflected from the person's face and expose properly for that, instead of adjusting exposure for the much brighter light around the hairline.

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Partial metering covers only the centre 6.2% of the frame in the viewfinder, thus providing precise metering only for the subject. When the background is brighter than the subject due to reasons like back lighting, this metering mode is particularly useful.

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What is Center-Weighted DSLR Metering? Center-weighted metering evaluates the light in the middle of the frame and its surroundings and ignores the corners. Compared to Matrix Metering, Center-weighted Metering does not factor in the focus point you select, it only evaluates the middle area of the image.

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Evaluative metering is the default metering mode on most cameras. It ensures that the camera will automatically adjust to the right exposure setting even when the ambient lighting shows greater contrast.

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An 18% grey card reflects back 18% of the light that hits it. And it is actually the geometric mean between white paper (95% reflective) and black ink (3.5% reflective).

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A shadow is the result of the relationship between the subject's location and the direction of the light source. With front light, the shadow falls behind the subject. ... The introduction of a shadow into the image immediately adds a dimension of creativity and makes the photo more graphic

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Midtones. A mid-tone is precisely that – all luminance values that are not dark or light are considered to be mid-tones. Most of the time our camera meter will attempt to expose for this average brightness when in 'Automatic Mode. '

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Highlights are the lightest elements in an image, whereas shadows are the darkest areas. Dynamic range is the ratio between those vivid highlights and dark shadows, from bright white to pure black. That range is key to an image's depth and drama. If a photo has poor dynamic range, the image can appear flat or gray.

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A vignette is a darker border - sometimes as a blur or a shadow - at the periphery of photos. It can be an intentional effect to highlight certain aspects of the image or as a result of using the wrong settings, equipment or lens when taking a photo.

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Sepia toning is a chemical process used in photography which changes the appearance of black-and-white prints to brown. The color is now often associated with antique photographs. Most photo graphics software programs and many digital cameras include a sepia tone filter to mimic the appearance of sepia-toned prints.

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An AF point is a specific part of the frame where the camera is able to focus on something. When looking through the viewfinder, these points are denoted by small squares clustered around the centre of the frame

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Bracketing is a technique where a photographer takes shots of the same image using different camera settings. ... The most common type of bracketing is exposure bracketing, where the same shot is captured with at least three different exposures

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It shows you what you have set in terms of exposure compensation and/or auto exposure bracketing. It is only shown in exposure modes that use exposure compensation or auto exposure bracketing. The scale on the side shows the measurement from the light meter based on the current exposure parameters

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Exposure compensation is used to alter exposure from the value selected by the camera, making photographs brighter or darker. Exposure is a matter of personal preference, and an exposure brighter or darker than that selected by the camera may sometimes better reflect the photographer's

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A white balance card (or gray card) helps you adjust the white balance and exposure settings of images by providing a reference point. The reference point prompts your camera to compensate for any white light on an image.

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A workspace is a preset layout for the various elements that make up Photoshop's interface. Workspaces determine which of Photoshop's panels are displayed on your screen and how those panels are arranged. A workspace can also change which tools are available in the Toolbar and how the Toolbar is organized.

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The toolbar is where Photoshop holds the many tools we have to work with. There are tools for making selections, for cropping and retouching images, for adding shapes and type, and many more!

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color paletts

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One of the basic elements of Adobe Photoshop is the menu bar, located at the very top of the program. The menu bar is used to open and save files, adjust the canvas size, access some of the editing tools, open and close various windows, and more. ... Each of those main menus has additional submenus for related options.

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The Tool Options bar appears at the bottom in the Photoshop Elements window. It displays the options for a selected tool. For example, if you select the Crop tool from the toolbox, you find related tools (Cookie Cutter tool and Perspective Crop tool), and other options in the Tool Options bar

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Cropping is the removal of unwanted outer areas from a photographic or illustrated image.

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the ratio of the width to the height of an image or screen

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Image resolution is the detail an image holds. The term applies to digital images, film images, and other types of images. Higher resolution means more image detail. ... Photographic lens and film resolution are most often quoted in line pairs per millimeter.

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What is the difference between PPI and DPI? PPI describes the resolution in pixels of a digital image whereas DPI describes the amount of ink dots on a printed image. Though PPI largely refers to screen display, it also affects the print size of your design and thus the quality of the output.

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Occasionally I see a post on Facebook or in a birding blog that states emphatically that the image was SOOC (Straight Out Of the Camera). This term generally refers to the absence of post-processing with an image editing program. The image is untouched, just what the photographer saw and the camera recorded

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This term refers to the technical standard that has been used to encode information for storage in a computer file. File formats can be designed for one specific type of data or for different types of data.