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Peer instruction is a phrase coined by Eric Mazur. I met Eric Mazur at an EdTech conference in Beijing working with a company named Landi English.

Mazur is a big advocate of engaging pupils as learners and teachers. He views education as a two-step process: transferring knowledge, and then making sense of and applying it. He argues that active learners take new information and apply it, rather than merely taking note of it, and that the first-hand use of new material helps to develop pupils' ownership of their new knowledge (EdCentral, 2021)

Mazur is highly critical of current assessment practices, particularly the focus on memorisation. This approach fails to teach students skills that are applicable in the real world. To make the skills learned in the classroom more applicable to the real world, Mazur allows students to, for example, bring their books and notes into assessments and have group examinations, where students work in a team, teaching and learning from each other (EdCentral, 2021)

The idea is that students actively learn and are emotionally invested into what they are studying.

EdCentral (2021, August 19) https://edcentral.uk/edblog/beginner-guides/a-beginner-s-guide-to-professor-eric-mazur

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What student centered approaches or techniques include physical movement as a central element?

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What student centered approaches or techniques include physical movement as a central element?

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Total Physical Response (TPR) is a great way to incorporate movement during lessons. Teachers and students use their bodies to act out or gesture the meaning of words or concepts (Ferlazzo, L, 2020).

Ferlazzo, L. (2020, July 24)  Eight Ways to Use Movement in Teaching & Learning, https://www.edweek.org/teaching-learning/opinion-eight-ways-to-use-movement-in-teaching-learning/2020/07

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What are some student-centered approaches or techniques for reading?

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1) Multi-Sensory Literacy: Provide students with different forms of representation. Reading involves a visual, but can also be accompanied by auditory representation. Some students benefit from audiobooks or read aloud. Students may also benefit from visuals that accompany text in order to support the use of contextual cues.

2) Interactive Read Aloud: Read aloud can be structured differently dependent on student need. Students can take turns reading aloud. The teacher can model a read aloud of the text first, allowing students to preview difficult words.

3) Culturally-Relevant Texts: Provide students with texts that are culturally-relevant. This will enhance student engagement and leverage prior student knowledge and experiences.

References
Learner Centered Literacy. (2021). The Core Collaborative. https://www.thecorecollaborative.com/learner-centered-literacy.

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When thinking about assessments, a pen and paper test taken at the end of a unit individually by a student comes to mind. However, this approach to testing limits students' modes of expression,  prevents them from demonstrating mastery of a subject, and causes anxiety. Providing different modes of expression through different testing strategies allows for assessment strategy to center on student learning styles.

Different Assessment Strategies:
1) Formative Assessment: Assess students throughout the learning process. These assessments do not need to be graded. This can help reduce anxiety for students. Teachers should provide feedback and allow opportunities for revision.

2) Peer Assessment: Teachers and students can create the assessment and rubric together. Students engage in an error analysis process on peer assessments that they can transfer to using for their own assessment. This process also helps students internalize and follow a rubric.

3) Student Portfolios: Portfolios allow students to compile work and reflect on progress. The grading of student portfolios should focus on the improvements made by a student over time, fostering a growth mindset.

4) Exhibitions: Students can demonstrate mastery in an exhibition by applying academic knowledge to a real-world context. This type of assessment allows students to select a topic of interest and apply classroom content to an area of interest.

References
Effective Grading: A Tool for Learning and Assessment (Jossey-Bass Higher and Adult Education) Paperback February 25, 1998. (2021). jossey-bass; 1 edition (february 25, 1998).

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1) Flipped Classroom: This is where the teacher focuses on practice and knowledge for outside the classroom. Students take an entrance ticket to determine the level of initial knowledge. While incorporating this strategy then teachers can use many other differentiated student strategies (Chiaro).

2.) Think-Pair-Share: The teacher poses a question with instructions that students must think independently, then tell a partner then share out to the class (pbworks.com).

3.) Roundtable: The teacher instructs to work in small groups in the small groups in the goal of generating multiple responses (pbworks.com)

Works Cited:

Chiaro, C. (2020, August 19). Student-Centered Learning Strategies. TeachHUB. https://www.teachhub.com/teaching-strategies/2020/07/student-centered-learning-strategies/

tnjune17cohort3 [licensed for non-commercial use only] / Student-Centered Approaches and Techniques for Reading. (2017). Pbworks.Com. http://tnjune17cohort3.pbworks.com/w/page/119008734/Student-Centered%20Approaches%20and%20Techniques%20for%20Reading

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What are some student-centered approaches or techniques for reading?

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What are some student-centered approaches or techniques for reading?

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1.) Choice Boards, this gives students ownership and autonomy in how they learn and demonstrate mastery. This is a graphic organizer that contains multiple permutations for each lesson. This gives students choice with how to gain mastery of a subject (Betterlesson)

2.) Differentiation in formative assessments: Students will have the options for how they will be assessed. Collaborative projects, oral conferences, written responses or graphic organizers, collages. This also allows for differentiated instruction based off of the assessment (Miller)

Works Cited:

Miller, A. (2016, January 8). 6 Strategies for Differentiated Instruction in Project-Based Learning. Edutopia.Org. https://www.edutopia.org/blog/differentiated-instruction-strategies-pbl-andrew-miller

Top 5 Instructional Strategies for Student-Centered Teaching and Learning. (2019, September 12). Https://Blog.Betterlesson.Com/Top-5-Instructional-Strategies-for-Student-Centered-Teaching-and-Learning. https://blog.betterlesson.com/top-5-instructional-strategies-for-student-centered-teaching-and-learning

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1.) Algebra Aerobics: Asking students to break up in to groups or pairs. One student in the group, will look at a worksheet of functions. This student uses their body to pantomime the design of the graph. The other students. Students rotate around the group and are asked to reflect on what similarities occur between functions (Lloyd)

2.) Card Sorts: Students will have to sort vocabulary and formula's for students to organize (Pickering).

3.) Cut and Paste: Students will be asked to construct a method out of cut materials and then arrange them in the prober order (Pickering).

Works Cited:

Lloyd, C. (2015, November 9). 10 Ways To Build Movement Into Your Secondary Lessons. Thinking Maps. https://www.thinkingmaps.com/10-ways-to-build-movement-into-your-secondary-lessons/

Pickering, N. (2020, February 26). How to Plan Student-Centered Math Activities. Maneuvering the Middle. https://www.maneuveringthemiddle.com/how-to-plan-student-centered-math-activities/

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1.  Know the different learning styles in my Class
2.  Know the different difficulties from each students
3.  Let the students work at their own pace and use a Multisensory Approach
4.  Let the students work together with differentiation groups

I am trying to use an instructional engagement strategy named "Kagan Structure." The instructional strategies designed to promote cooperation and communication in the classroom, boost students' confidence, and retain their interest in classroom interaction.  It's impossible to hide in a Kagan classroom because each student must "participate frequently and approximately equally." Traditional teaching can lead to an ever-widening gap between high and low achievers, and the Kagan method aims to close that gap. Students can choose their favorite ways they've learned to solve/answer the same problem, then they share the experience with their peers.

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I provide students with diversified assessment methods: Written examination, oral examination, performance, practice, homework, paper report, data collection, presentation, Task-based mission, self-evaluation or peer evaluation, etc.

There are more ways to do the assessment in the picture

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What student-centered approaches or techniques can you use to address differentiation?

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What student-centered approaches or techniques can you use to address differentiation?

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How can you implement assessment so that it enhances student-centered learning?

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How can you implement assessment so that it enhances student-centered learning?

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What are some student-centered approaches or techniques that are based on or require collaboration?

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What are some student-centered approaches or techniques that are based on or require collaboration?

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1.  Student Team Learning(STL)
-Student teams-achievement divisions (STAD)
-Teams Games Tournaments (TGT)
-Team Assisted Individualization (TAI)
-Cooperative integrated Reading and Composition (CIRC)

2.  Jigsaw Ⅱ:
The implementation of Jigsaw II comprises five steps: (1) reading; (2) expert group discussion; (3) home group reporting; (4) testing; and (5) group recognition.

3.  Learning Together (LT)
Divide students into heterogeneous groups with two to six people. Group members share resources and help each other. Test scores are calculated individually. When the overall performance of the group or the individual performance of the members reaches the preset standard, they can be rewarded. However, relationships between different groups can be competition or cooperation, the form of which is determined by the teacher.

4.  Group-Investigation (GI)
In the group inquiry method, the grouping of students is also heterogeneous, but it also refers to the students' interest in the topic. Team members must divide their work, collect and analyze data, and participate in discussions and exchanges of opinions. Attention should be paid to students' high-level thinking ability during evaluation.

5.  Complex Instruction (CI)

6.  Co-op Co-op

Resource:
https://www.nhu.edu.tw/~society/e-j/89/A21.htm

https://www.hkier.cuhk.edu.hk/journal/document/EJ/EJ_V43N1_129-151.pdf

https://www.edb.org.hk/HKTC/download/journal/j3/9.pdf

# data[].attributes.body
What are some student-centered approaches or techniques that are based on or require collaboration?

How can you implement assessment so that it enhances student-centered learning?

What student-centered approaches or techniques can you use to address differentiation?

# data[].attributes.body
What student-centered approaches or techniques include physical movement as a central element?

What student-centered approaches or techniques can you use to address differentiation?

What are some student-centered approaches or techniques for reading?