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1. What are the key insights I learned from the session on “Learning Collaboratively” and “Patient Centered Care”?

2. What did I discover about myself?

3. In which areas, personal or professionally, will I use what I learned?

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my intro vid uwu

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Flipgrid is where social and emotional learning happens! The leading video discussion platform for millions of PreK to PhD educators, students, and families.

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https://flipgrid.com/s/zsTHcZfaNqjw

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https://flipgrid.com/s/_NerhNseumxX

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Lazatin, Bridget S. - 3PTALazatin, Bridget S. - 3PTA

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Lazatin, Bridget S. - 3PTALazatin, Bridget S. - 3PTA

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Flipgrid is where social and emotional learning happens! The leading video discussion platform for millions of PreK to PhD educators, students, and families.

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https://flipgrid.com/b535676e

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Flipgrid is where social and emotional learning happens! The leading video discussion platform for millions of PreK to PhD educators, students, and families.

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JUANA MARGARITA ROXAS's Flipgrid Response

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Flipgrid is where social and emotional learning happens! The leading video discussion platform for millions of PreK to PhD educators, students, and families.

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Flipgrid is where social and emotional learning happens! The leading video discussion platform for millions of PreK to PhD educators, students, and families.

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1. One of the key learnings I’ve had about both sessions is that teamwork is heavily-involved in our field. It is essential to have collaboration and cooperation among members of a group because each member has different specialties, and it is necessary for each of the members to learn from one another in order to grow and succeed in a task. Another significant realization I had was that the success of a treatment program can also depend on how well we know and understand our patients. Each patient or client is different and as future healthcare practitioners we must do our best to accept and study each of our patients in order to create a beneficial treatment for them.

2. I discovered that I still have a whole lot to improve upon if I want to become a better student, collaborator, and if I want to succeed in contributing to my group in this class. Based from the two sessions I think that there are still many personal things I have to work on on myself if I want to keep up with the coming activities in the near future.

3. I think I can use what I learned in both personal and professional aspects because the key point of the two sessions were based on how we can communicate and cooperate with others. What I learned in this class are certain qualities and guidelines that I can attribute to my performance as a student and as a future healthcare professional because in our field, teamwork and client/patient-based care are two key factors to being proficient.

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1. According to WHO, a Health Professional is an individual who works in the field of human healthcare and applying evidence-based practices. This includes us, the students of CRS. As someone who studies Sports Science, I want to give my best quality services to my clients, patients, and athletes in the future. For this to happen, I learned from the session that empowering one another, understanding each other’s roles and responsibilities, and combining professional expertise will be helpful to produce quality care and service to patients and clients. In this way, we will be more productive and effective in our field.
2. Before I graduated from junior high school, I was an introvert. I didn’t invest in relationships that much and socializing with others was very tiring for me. Hence, I avoid communicating with a lot of people and kept  my circle very small. In this lecture, I discovered that for me to be successful in the health professional field, I have to be active in communicating with others, not only with the clients or patients but also with other health professionals.
3. As a Sports/Exercise scientist, there are situations that we can’t handle. I learned from the lecture that in these cases it is better to collaborate with other health professionals to give the best service for that specific patient or client. For example, if I have an athlete who was recently injured, giving them treatment could be a wrong move. I can only give them first aid or give programs/exercise prescriptions when they’re trying to go back to competing again. Hence, it is better to connect them with a sports physician and a physical therapist so that he will be treated properly. Another example is that if I have a client who has specific morbidity, although we are taught how to give proper exercise prescriptions so that they will have a healthier lifestyle, we still have to encourage them to see their physician regularly and when we see something that is not normal, we have to collaborate with their physician. When it comes to working with patients or clients, I learned that I have to involve them in the procedures that I’m doing (e.g. when creating a training program). I have to listen to their comments and opinions so that they won’t feel out of place. This will increase their satisfaction with the quality of care, and they will feel fulfilled because they are part of making the program and the steps for them to have a healthier lifestyle.

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1. It has been embarked into my mind that learning from experience is suited to professional learning. Being able to participate in a collaborative learning environment helps in preparing, participating, and cooperating, and discover and understand how to build relationships with individuals/ professionals from a different department/profession involved in the healthcare team. This would mold one’s expertise in handling his own responsibilities and analyzing the roles of other members of the team to collectively promote quality care towards the patients. Not only do I need to need to establish partnership among thepractitioner, but also with the patient and their families. As a healthcare provider, I must respect the decision, needs, and preferences of the patient and educate them and their families so that they will be able to participate and provide the overall support needed during the treatment process.

2. Being a shy person myself, who always hesitates approaching other people in the group or initiating a conversation, I just realized again through the lesson how important it is to develop professional relationships within the healthcare team for better collaboration in planning and administering a patient’s treatment. I have also come into the realization that the responsibilities of a healthcare provider is not just about rendering treatment to a patient but also considering factors that may affect it and thinking of ways, considering all of those factors, when planning for a treatment plan, in which I still have a lot of room for improvement.

3. Having to learn and experience about collaborative learning and patient- centered care, concepts and values that I have learned and will still be learning can be used in several areas in the future. While I could use patient- centered care in the healthcare settings, collaborating with a team can be used in various areas may it be healthcare or corporate areas. Being able to cooperate and participate effectively with a team helps one to adjust in various work areas and form professional relationships with colleagues. Aside from work settings, collaborative learning could also help an individual improve his social skills, how to talk to people, and form friendly relationships which are vital abilities as a person.

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1. Both lessons were really insightful and relevant for us to learn especially now that we are nearing our internship year and later on professionals in the field whether it be in clinics, hospitals or private practice. From the discussion about “Learning Collaboratively”, it focuses on the importance of teamwork and effective working relationships amongst the members of the rehabilitation team. Moreover, the most important thing that I’ve gathered in the discussion is how I should understand the duties and responsibilities of every healthcare professional part of the rehabilitation team and that I should know my boundaries so that I may not overstep on them. And of course, there should be the value of respect and teamwork in order to effectively address all the primary complaints of the patient, as well as the underlying risks and problems that may unfold if not probed early. On the other hand, the lesson about “Patient-Centered Care” made me realize how important it is to have a more holistic and complex understanding about the components needed to be considered when treating our patients. Surely, it shows how our role as Physical Therapists should not only be focused on simply treating the patient’s complaints or basically what is their obvious problem. It should most definitely be more informative to educate the patient about the facts of his/her condition as well as the necessary preventive measures the patient must know and understand for him/her to have a smooth progression towards recovery. Another thing I realized is that addressing a patient’s complaints should not only be focused on the physical pain rather we should try to look on other aspects we can try to provide our care to but with regard to our limitations as a healthcare provider, being discrete towards the patient and knowing when is the appropriate time to consult other healthcare professionals who are more suitable to address the other concerns of the patient. In conclusion, I am very much interested in the upcoming topics in IPE primarily because it provides relevant information that most healthcare professionals may tend to overlook especially when it becomes too stressful or toxic in the clinics/hospitals. Having the opportunity to learn and understand these concepts as early as now can allow us to put it into application early so that when we are already in the actual practice, the tendency to forget about the nature of Patient-Centered Care will be lessened since we’ve learned to incorporate it in every situation that we’ve faced.

2. After watching the discussions about Unit 1 & 2, it gave me certain realizations which are key in order for me to become a more competent, committed and compassionate Physical therapist in the future. Of course, in building relationships among the different professions involved in the rehabilitation team, open communication is important to be able to work hand-in-hand in treating conditions. Moreover, respect and professionalism towards the roles and responsibilities of one another in the rehabilitation team can strengthen the foundation of the group towards working well in treating patients in a more holistic approach. With this in mind, I realized that despite being someone who is quite an extrovert and an outgoing person, I can surely use and develop this characteristic of mine in working collaboratively with my future colleagues whom I will work with in the rehabilitation team. But, in terms of practicing true professionalism and learning about the duties of other healthcare professionals, that is something I need to improve on since I feel like I still lack understanding about the specifics of these concepts and how I can apply them to practice. On the other hand, learning about Patient-Centered Care taught me about a more functional manner of establishing a professional relationship. And most certainly, it should not only be focused on treating the condition, rather, it includes involving the patient in the process of treatment whether it be through educating them about their condition, explaining to them the precautionary measures and lifestyle changes they must apply in order to have a better recovery process. Moreover, it teaches the patient to be empowered so that they can fully achieve their most functional state and potential in which is free from underlying risks primarily because they are well educated. In this lesson, it allowed me to point out how I can improve better in communicating the patients and what I should focus on when I talk to them. Also, I should know how I can effectively involve them in therapy as well as how they can incorporate the HEPs and lifestyle changes I’ve taught so that they can be independent on their own.

3. These learnings will surely be a vital component when I’m already working with professionals in other fields of healthcare and when the situation comes, I think I’ll already be prepared since I’ve been taught how to adapt well in that kind of environment. Moreover, learning collaboratively amongst the inter-professions part of the rehabilitation team as well as understanding patient centered care can be utilized almost all the time when I’m already in the clinics/hospitals as an intern or actual licensed Physical Therapist. As I’ve mentioned in the previous questions, these lessons taught me how to value the limitations I have as a person and as a professional so that I may not overstep on the boundaries that can either put the patient at more risk or affect the relationship I have with another healthcare professional. Moreover, it allows me to know how I can efficiently put into practice my knowledge and capabilities in handling the condition of my patient well without having to compromise when I am doubtful as to how I proceed. In this situation, I now understand that there are other healthcare professionals of which I can consult to or ask help from so that they can step in to apply their expertise and that we can work hand-in-hand in treating the patient together effectively

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1. The first key insight that I learned from the lecture is that we have our own roles and specialties that we can offer to the team. Each member can contribute something that can improve the treatment to the patient which can promote a lot of things such as coordination and continuity of care. For example, there patients who stop receiving treatment after they're done with surgery but if we recognize that there may be other healthcare professionals can still do something that will improve the quality of life of the patient then we can refer it to them. Related to this would be the term "holistic approach", I firmly believe that this should be promoted and be used more in our healthcare system.

2. As I reflect on it, I realized that is not enough that I'm competent in what I do or in this profession. That as early as now, the other Cs from core values of UST which are committed and compassion should be enriched as well because these values would greatly help me in collaborating with other healthcare professionals and with the patients.

3. Learning about all these things is important but having to apply these in both personal and professional areas of my life is better. I know that I'm limited as a person and that conflicts would arise if I try to handle everything on my own, hence, applying the concepts related to collaboration will help me recognize not just my strengths but also my weaknesses so that other people can fill in those gaps to produce better outcomes in life and the lives of our patients.

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1. Learning collaboratively gives us an opportunity to talk to and learn from the different members of the rehabilitation team. Thus, it allows us to build interprofessional communication and collaboration which is crucial in a patient centered team. Patient centered care is a process in which the decision of the rehabilitation team revolves around the context of the patient. The team should always ensure that the treatment that we plan and give will provide the most benefit to the client.

2. For a long time now, I have always been shy around unfamiliar people. I found it difficult to establish and engage in a conversation. I realized that to ensure the best outcome from our patient, a coherent rehabilitation team should be at hand. This can be accomplished through group communication. Thus, I must use the opportunity of being with the other members of the rehab team to develop my communication skills.

3. The importance of time management is something that can be applied to both personal and professional areas in my life. Time is a limited resource that affects both areas if not managed properly. I must learn to always balance my schedule, ensuring that I have enough time for both.

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1. Some of the key insights I learned from the session on learning collaboratively is the history and importance of IPE and IPEC, as well as the interprofessional education activities wherein students are able to participate in to promote interprofessional collaboration through integration of theories and practice they learned. I also learned from the session on patient-centered care that its approach includes a good overall experience with the healthcare system, a likelihood of better health outcomes, and the patient’s great satisfaction with the quality of care. I also learned about the importance of pakikipagkapwa or smooth interpersonal relationships as the heart of Filipino values.

2. In watching the lectures and learning more about collaborative learning and patient-centered care, something I discovered about myself is that I should personally exert more effort in approaching other health allied students and learning to collaborate with them as we will work and collaborate with each other in the future. Because of this, I hope that we as a group would be able to help and learn from each other, and be able to effectively coordinate and communicate as a team.

3. I will use what I learned from our lecture on collaborative learning and patient-centered care to further improve myself in being a healthcare professional in the future, as the intention of interprofessional education is for us students to be prepared with the attitude, knowledge, and skills needed for IPC and collaborative practice. With what I have learned, I hope to be able to learn more and gain experience of collaborating with other healthcare professionals, be able to understand each of our roles and responsibilities and be able to find ways on how we can help each other to further promote quality of care for our patients.

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1. My takeaway from learning collaboratively is that we are experts who need each other for expert advice. To deliver the best care for our patients, we were divided into different programs meant to specialize in something; that way we become puzzle pieces that when grouped together become something greater. In the next lesson about patient-centered care, I realized the overlooked importance of empowering our patients as well. Involving them in our decisions allows them to feel like persons and not just patients and this also allows them to come to terms with their condition better.

2. The more I learn about handling patients, the more excited I get to become a physical therapist and a doctor. The thought of collaborating with healthcare professionals excites me, as this allows us to analyze different cases until we arrive with the most proper interventions aligned with our goals. More so, we get to learn from each other as we work for our patients.

3. Being a healthcare worker would require you to serve patients who aren’t at their best. Realizing our goal here, which is our patient's journey towards better health, would require us to also realize the fact that teamwork yields excellent results as this is the collective sum of strengths of an organization. Consulting with other healthcare professionals helps us prepare better intervention plans for our patients, and this is a win-win situation because this makes me a better healthcare worker as well. This also applies for anything outside my career, because I do think we should be smart enough to admit that we're not the best at everything. It is always smart to consult with those people and learn from them.

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1. The key insight that I learned is that learning collaboratively means working together as a team sharing the perspective of one another and what is nice about working as a team is that you can produce a more intricate action plan for the betterment of your client. It also helps us professionals learn more about the different professions but must not overstep our boundaries when giving activities. And Patient-Centered Care is all about the patient and how we can make the life of the patient or client easier and more manageable as a team.

2. The things that I discovered about myself is that to give my patient the care that they need is that I should be able to open up more to people when collaborating, to speak up more about my ideas they may not be the best but when speaking up may ideas could potentially help in making the right intervention the patients need, me being able to speak up and share my ideas means contributing more and like they say more minds working together the outcome that is produced would be better. Another is that I should be more confident and try to engage with people I may be working with because it helps widen my world and my knowledge about the different methods I can use to help my patient's needs.

3. I learned about creating a plan, and I think that it can help me both in my personal and daily life because having a plan means I can plot out my time and effectively not waste time; however, this area still needs some work in my personal life because I still was not able to adapt.

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What are the key insights I learned from the session on “Learning Collaboratively” and “Patient Centered Care”?

I learned that respect and understanding each member of the a team is essential for a collaborative learning experience. This implies to a rehabilitation team and as students. Understanding the specific scope and limitations of each member and trusting their clinical reasoning and judgement can greatly influence service delivery in patient centered care. Another thing is that by sharing experiences to a person from other profession is very helpful in contextualization for better understanding and appreciation for each profession.

What did I discover about myself?

As I mentioned earlier, understanding the roles of each profession is essential for effective service delivery, however, this can only be achieved through active communication. During our sharing activity, most members, including myself were hesitant and reserved. Perhaps, in the weeks to come, we could establish a more inviting atmosphere among the group.

In which areas, personal or professionally, will I use what I learned?

Active communication goes in both ways, professionally and personally. Professionally, communication is important in building rapport with client, establishing client goals and intervention planning with the entire rehab team. Meanwhile, social participation in the context of everyday life is just as essential.

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1. What are the key insights I learned from the session on “Learning Collaboratively” and “Patient-Centered Care”?

Collaborative work is something that fastens the speed of work and makes things efficient. But what makes it more special is that while working with other professionals, you get to look out for the betterment of your common patients. It's not just a simple requirement you need to pass or accomplish, but a goal of providing quality and effective treatment for your client. Patient-centered care is not just about the physical aspect of a client. It encompasses a wider range such as their mental, emotional, and social well-being. And not just the patients themselves, but also their families are a part of the care and consideration we must take into account. And now, as student clinicians, learning collaboratively is a form of practice for us to be more equipped and ready in dealing with interdisciplinary work in the future. Not only being professional is what we learn, but also knowing how to communicate and get along with others (despite their profession or status) are things we must learn. With every skill we learn, the closer we are to providing successful and quality healthcare for our patients.

2. What did I discover about myself?

Based on the lecture and from the activity we had (group sharing), I discovered that collaborating is one of the things I really enjoy doing. I get to listen and share, and with this, I get to learn about other people's personalities. I also realize that when asked about certain personal things, I tend to immediately consider only those near me or within my reach. That's when I realized how important having other people to talk to and expand your perspective about life matters. Because by having conversations and sharing like that, I get to learn more and see things from a different perspective.

3. In which areas, personal or professionally, will I use what I learned?

For the personal aspect, I will use what I learned to be more open to other's ideas and thoughts and learn from those. Also, accepting feedback and criticism while collaborating would help me grow more as an individual which may help me grow as a professional as well. For the professional aspect, learning to collaborate and taking into consideration other's perspectives makes a better, more successful work because you get to have more than 1 brain working. The output of the work is also more enhanced since feedback from different perspectives is taken into consideration. And lastly, with a team working, you get to enjoy work better and see your job not as a burden, but as an avenue for growth and making friends/memories.

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Introductory Video for IPE

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1. What are professional and/or non-professional roles and responsibilities in your chosen field?

2. What is the value of role clarity among members of the team?

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1. What are professional and/or non-professional roles and responsibilities in your chosen field?

- Our main responsibility as Physical therapists is to provide interventions that can help alleviate our patient’s impairments, assist them in doing functional tasks and educate them regarding precautionary measures as to prevent recurrence of the condition. The list of impairments we can help treat is far more than just inhibiting musculoskeletal pain and tightness, rather we can also provide cardiopulmonary interventions through breathing exercises, ACBT, Postural drainages, etc. as well as neurologic interventions. Moreover, prior to the actual plan of care for the patient, we consult with the patient first through subjective and objective evaluations through interview and utilization of different assessments appropriate to gather the needed information for us to get an overall idea of our patient’s complaints and manifestations towards making a PT diagnosis. Apart from just doing the exercises at the clinic or rehabilitation center, we also have the duty to teach them home exercise programs so that they can be able to still proceed with their recovery even at home and numerous follow-ups so that we will be aware about how our patient is progressing. And lastly, we can make use of physical modalities to further assist our patient in addressing their complaints whether it be using hydrotherapy, cryotherapy, electrical stimulation, IRR, etc.

Apart from these, we also have significant roles towards the academe, community and the overall structure of the healthcare system, In terms of the academe, we can play a significant role towards educating students in the rehabilitation program whether it be on the Physical Therapy course or even other courses under the program. We can share to them our experiences particularly the practical applications of what it is discussed in school as well as provide guidance on how they can effectively learn the lessons they are taught in such a way that they can remember it as well as apply it efficiently when given problems of which PT interventions can be utilized.  For the community, we can be among the primary advocates towards promoting health and wellness through educating the general public as well about what it is we know about relating their health and how they can prevent having certain conditions as well as how they can improve their quality of life with regards to their diet, lifestyle, etc. Moreover, community-based work is among the top responsibilities we have as part of the healthcare profession and since not all Filipinos have access to these given different circumstances in the country, we have the obligation to provide them with our services as we have swore an oath once we are licensed Physical therapists in the future. And finally, we also play a vital role in providing change for the healthcare system of the Philippines whether it be becoming part of discussions which can improve our profession or advocating for improvement in the healthcare delivery system of the country.

On the other hand, the non-professional roles that Physical Therapists have include being part of organizations that are related to the profession, managing fitness centers, clinics or other establishments, etc. Although these are considered non-professional roles of a Physical therapist, they can be considered equally important provided that its purpose is ethical and purposeful to the professional duties of a Physical Therapist.

2. What is the value of role clarity among members of the team?

- Clarity is significantly important in an IPE team because it is a key component that can become a pillar that builds effective communication, collaboration and cooperation amongst the team members. Clarity possesses the quality of being cohesive as well as intelligible. Cohesion is basically similar to unity which is necessary in forming the IPE team in order for us to achieve the necessary goals we have set while intelligible is having the ability to be comprehensive and understandable which is equally important to ensure that the communication among members as well as the patients we are helping will be clear, concise and digestible by everyone included in the dialogue or discussion. Given this definition, it is important as well in sustaining the camaraderie amongst the IPE team especially because during tough and toxic situations, clarity would be very helpful for the team to find an opening to resolve conflict and prevent misunderstandings to becoming a major issue within the team. Also, clarity helps us to apply as well the concepts of “Learning collaboratively” and “Patient-centered care” in terms of how it is active when we talk about understanding the roles and responsibilities of every member part of the IPE team as well as having a united goal to helping the patient in every aspect that is possible for the IPE team.

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1. What are professional and/or non-professional roles and responsibilities in your chosen field?
- As therapists our main professional role is to provide treatment for the rehabilitation of individuals who suffer from different impairments and conditions in order to help them return to higher physical functionality.  Each of us are tasked to provide patients with specifically-designed exercises as well as provide them with other interventions, such as treatment modalities and different maneuvers like stretching, ROM exercises, functional exercises, and others. All of which help the patient recover from conditions and injuries that impact their normal state of living.

- In the field of Physical Therapy, learning and studying never truly ends after college and as such we are also tasked to share our learnings to patients and to fellow therapists in order to contribute to the growing branch of knowledge involved in the process of rehabilitative care.

2. What is the value of role clarity among members of the team?
- It is important for each member of the team to clearly understand their role because a team functions just like a car would. Every single unique part of a car helps the whole vehicle run, and if one piece is faulty, the rest falls apart. Just like in a team, a member has a specific role to play and must put this role first and foremost among their responsibilities because they are the ones uniquely assigned to them. Teamwork is not just amplified by communication but also by clarity and understanding of each others' involvement in the team. In the specific case of IPE, each member of the group belong to a certain program, and they must put the goals and responsibilities of their program first as their job.

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1. What are professional and/or non-professional roles and responsibilities in your chosen field?
- In the field of speech-language pathology, the professional and non-professional roles, and responsibilities of an SLP as a healthcare professional in the workplace and as a member of the IPE team includes assessing, diagnosing, and treating speech, language, social communication, cognitive, communication, and swallowing disorders. An SLP also provides counseling, training, and education to families and caregivers. And for the IPE team, a speech-language pathologist works collaboratively with professionals in other disciplines including physical therapists, occupational therapists, regular/special education teachers, medical doctors, psychologists, family members, and caregivers. Additionally, it is also important to share your opinions and expertise, be respectful to your team members, focus on how you can help the team, acknowledge each member's roles, and learn from each other.

2. What is the value of role clarity among members of the team?
- Having a clear understanding of the roles and responsibilities of each member of a team is important in interprofessional collaboration. The value of role clarity would mean that each of the members of the team would know what is expected of them and what they would contribute to the team as they aim for their goals, resulting in having an effective and efficient work performance. Clarifying the roles among the members of the team will also avoid role ambiguity among the members, repetition of tasks, and possible conflicts that might occur in the group.

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1. What are professional and/or non-professional roles and responsibilities in your chosen field?

- As a professional, a physical therapist is responsible for their patient's welfare. It is our duty to improve our patient's quality of life by restoring their function, and this could be challenging at times since we deal with patients experiencing a lot of discomfort and changes in their bodies, which could also be affecting their mental health. This is done by providing our patients with a sound treatment plan consisting of therapeutic exercises, physical modalities, a home exercise program, and proper patient education. Our non-professional roles, on the other hand, could be as simple as looking out for those around us. This could start with our family and friends who seek our advice, and those who badly need to undergo PT rehabilitation but cannot afford to do so. Our contribution to our society goes beyond the walls of the hospitals, as we could also be PTs outside the hospital setting e.g. during emergencies, promoting benefits of exercise, educating people, etc.

2. What is the value of role clarity among members of the team?

- When we are aware of our roles, we gain a sense of direction. For example, when working as a team, you could only contribute the best you can when you know what exactly to work on. With role clarity, one could serve their purpose and make the most out of their opportunity to contribute to the team. For a team to come up with quality work, they must ensure the clarity of roles between its members so they could amplify their group members' strengths and also identify in what ways could they complement each other.

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1. What are professional and/or non-professional roles and responsibilities in your chosen field?
- Speech-Language Pathology is a profession that deals with patients across the lifespan who assess, diagnose, and treat conditions concerning speech, language, communication, voice, and swallowing. As SLPs, before you can successfully accomplish the roles mentioned, pre-requisites are needed such as knowing and understanding the nitty-gritty of human development and the anatomy and physiology of a person together with evidence-based researches are to be studied first. We must also be able to address our patient's concerns the best way we can and provide efficient patient care. These include continuous research on the best and effective assessment tools and treatment approaches for our patients with different conditions.

However, knowledge is not the only thing we need to be an effective SLP. Critical thinking, flexibility, and decision-making are important skills we, SLP must practice because we always abide by individualized treatment plans where despite having the same conditions, approaches still change as we consider multiple factors like the patient's environment and their goals. And with this, we must be able to think and decide immediately as every step may change along the way. Also, soft skills like respect, professionalism, and the ability to communicate with diverse people and professionals are essential to be able to work effectively. These people include families, teachers, doctors with different professionals, as well as the rehabilitation team. Lastly, as a member of the interprofessional team, we must know how to be a good team member for us to provide quality healthcare to our patients.

2. What is the value of role clarity among members of the team?
- In an interprofessional team, a lot of brains work together yet individual roles are still needed because each member has their own skills and specializations for the betterment of the patient. Having clarity among roles in the team creates balance and harmony among members and sets boundaries each one must abide by in order to effectively deliver their jobs without compensating respect among each other. With distinctions among roles, we also get to understand which professions deal with specific concerns in a case, rely on one another, and learn from each other while building camaraderie and strengthening teamwork. Lastly, clarity among roles makes work faster as each has designated jobs to accomplish but still having someone to help and brainstorm with at the end of the day.

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1. In the discussion of Sir Kris, he showed to us organizational physics. One of the roles and responsibilities of sports science is to validate the proposals and new ideas about training programs, periodization, or exercises that are raised by coaches or training officers. He or she will check if statistics wise it is valid, provides nutritional programs, etc. Another responsibility of a sport scientist is to be updated to new researches, information, and technologies especially now that there is a lot of measurable information about sports, the sports scientist can do that analysis and interpretation of data and present or update it to HPU or the High-performance unit (sports psychologist, sports nutritionists, strength and conditioning coach, PT and team doctor). This will give more time to other HPU personnel to focus on the intervention needed by the client or athlete because they don't have to do the research and interpretation anymore.

2. Role clarity among members is very important so that the team will function well. Without it, the intervention that will be given to the client will be incomplete and inappropriate too because there is lack of communication among the members. Example, in the PT and SPS collaboration, the usual roles of Sports Scientist is to make annual training plan or training periodization. Every time they create this plan, they perform 3Ps Profiling. They identify weaknesses and strengths of the athlete through movement analysis, FMS, etc., but there are tests and screenings that only PT can administer too. If there's no proper communication between the two, the profiling that was done might be incomplete and there is a possibility that it won't be addressed in the training program. Another example is that the corrective exercises are usually done by the PTs too during the 2nd transition phase of Annual training plan. If this role is not clear to the Sports Scientist or the coach, the athlete will be more susceptible to injuries. Therefore, role clarity is also for the welfare of the client.

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1. What are the key insights I learned from the session on “Learning Collaboratively” and “Patient Centered Care”?

For Collaborative Learning, I was able to see the benefits of having the opportunity to study and learn with students from different fields or profession. One of those benefits would be how it allows us to have more perspectives in trying to understand the patient/client’s case. Different professions would have varying inputs on the case that would really help in better addressing the patient/client. Another point would be how these different inputs may complement each other to further improve the quality of care given to the patient/client. For the Patient Centered Care, I was able to learn how complicated some cases could be. I guess I was a bit used to prioritizing how to address the patient’s impairments and condition that I would always just minimally consider how it affects the patient and the people around him/her (usually for functional activities only). Now I can see its importance as it may give my patient/clients a better experience with the healthcare system, greater satisfaction with the quality of care and higher chances of better health outcomes.

2. What did I discover about myself?

After the two lectures from the IPE class, I discovered how there’s still a lot that I don’t know and that there’s a big room for improvement. There are a lot of factors that I haven’t been considering and fortunately I am aware of them now. I realized that we can’t really provide everything that the patient/ client needs on our own and that seeking help or collaboration with other professionals as well as involving the people surrounding the patient, would have great effect on the overall healthcare experience.

3. In which areas, personal or professionally, will I use what I learned?

Professionally, I can apply what I learned by being open and always considering how collaboration with other professionals may benefit my future patients/clients. I will also always consider and involve the patient’s family and other people around them. Personally. I think I can apply this by being open to what others have to say. I will try to be more open-minded in accepting the ideas of other people, specially when their inputs are valid and helpful.

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1. What are professional and/or non-professional roles and responsibilities in your chosen field?

As physical therapists, our main professional role and responsibility is to improve our patient’s quality of life by assessing and examining them, identifying problems and impairments, and providing a plan of care that would aim to reduce the effects of their condition in their daily life. To further explain, it is our duty to be able to thoroughly assess our patients through different examination procedures, tests, and measurements. The results of those assessments would allow us to determine what is anatomically wrong with the patient and how these impairments affect the different aspects of his/her life. Given that information, we will be able to provide the most appropriate treatment that intends on promoting the patient’s improvement. Our non-professional roles and responsibilities on the other hand, would be in being advocates of healthcare, promoting the awareness on physical therapy and how it may help those who need it. As well as joining organizations that are related to our field and keeping up with the new techniques of physical therapy by continuing to study and learn since our field is still growing.

2. What is the value of role clarity among members of the team?

Clarity is a fundamental trait when it comes to working with a team. Having this in a group would mean that all members are aware of their roles, responsibilities and what is expected of them. With clarity each member would know their place in the group, and this will allow them to work efficiently. If all members of the team have clarity, then collaboration would be more fluid and working with other professionals would feel more comfortable.  Conflicts and clashing with other professionals may even be avoided as they would be aware of their capabilities and the competencies of the other professionals that they work with. Furthermore, with clarity, all the members of the team will be prioritizing each of their own goals that is included in their field’s scope. This would allow the team to address different problems of the patient/client at the same time therefore treatment would be more effective.

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1. What are professional and/or non-professional roles and responsibilities in your chosen field?

As a professional medical healthcare provider, a Physical Therapist's main responsibility is to design and implement treatment plans specific to the needs of the client/ patient. We must ensure the quality of the care we provide, prevent the aggravation of the condition, and help in improving their quality of life. It is also part of their role to enhance bodily functions, relieve activity limitations, and allow the person with injury, disease, chronic health condition, or other types of conditions, to be able to partake in their role to the society again. In addition, as a healthcare provider, there is always new knowledge, and discovery being added every day. Therefore, healthcare providers have the endless responsibility of broadening their knowledge, learning something new, and upgrading what they already know to enable them to deliver techniques most appropriate for the patients. It is part of their non-professional techniques to be advocates of health and optimal function. We must educate and remind our communities of the importance of our roles in healthcare and promote our profession to reach the ones who need our services.

2. What is the value of role clarity among members of the team?

Fully understanding one's roles and scope of responsibilities in a team ensures that each member will be able to provide the quality service needed by the patient. Since an interprofessional team consists of members with different sets of skills and specializations, having clarity creates balance and harmony, and help maintain good relationship and partnership with one another. The members must have the same priority, which is to deliver the best and appropriate service needed by the patient.

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1. What are professional and/or non-professional roles and responsibilities in your chosen field?

The role of a Physical Therapist is to evaluate the patient's condition through subjective and objective examinations. These examinations are done thoroughly and systemically so that the physical therapist will know where the patient is in the course of condition and to know the different impairments, activity limitations and participation restrictions. After the assessment, the physical therapists proceed to making a treatment plan. Information gathered from the examinations are crucial in making a treatment plan that is tailor fit to the case of the patient. The interventions in the treatment plan are then executed in the PT sessions. After every session, the physical therapist must not forget to reevaluate and take note of the patient's progress.

Aside from this professional role, there are other roles that a physical therapist should take part in. A physical therapist can also be a leader and administrator in the workplace. Being involved in the development of different health programs of the clinics and hospitals. A physical therapist can also be an advocate and communicator. Since there is an existing stereotypes to what a physical therapist does, physical therapists should be active in communicating to people (especially those who are not in the field of healthcare) the scope of our work and how we contribute to the betterment of the patient's condition.

2. What is the value of role clarity among members of the team?

Role clarity makes the work of the team more efficient. Each member of the interprofessional team should have a good grasp of their role as well as the roles of the other healthcare professionals so that there won't an overestimation or underestimation of other's profession. Remember that the team has a primary goal and that is for the patients to attain their optimal function. This won't be attained if there's confusion on what roles should the members carry out.

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1. What are professional and/or non-professional roles and responsibilities in your chosen field?

As part of the rehabilitation team, it is the role of an Occupational therapist is to help our clients engage in meaningful occupations through therapeutic use daily activities. However, potential OT client must first undergo a series of screening and evaluation to determine if their problem is covered in our domain of practice. This process will ensure that our clients will indeed benefit from our services, and if not, we can refer them to other members of the rehab team. After the evaluation, it is followed by the planning and provision of individualized intervention strategies that aim to targets the goal of our clients.

2. What is the value of role clarity among members of the team?

Knowledge of our own respective fields of practice is important to provide our utmost level of care for our clients. However, it is also equally important to acknowledge our limitations because going beyond our domain can potentially bring harm to our clients. Therefore, determining and clarifying roles as well as appreciating the scope and limitations of each profession is essential especially for health care providers such as ourselves.

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1. What are professional and/or non-professional roles and responsibilities in your chosen field?

The role of the Occupational therapist is to first assess and evaluate the patient’s condition. We must determine where the patient experiences difficulty in the areas of occupation and determine why it is difficult for them.  The intervention will be developed in collaboration with the patient and the patient’s family to meet their desired goal from therapy. The Occupational therapist will then administer the intervention to the patient. Finally, the therapist must report all of the findings and the current interventions being provided to the rehabilitation team. Reporting promotes clarity among the members of the team.

2. What is the value of role clarity among members of the team?

Since it is frequent  in the field of rehabilitation science to have an overlapping role between the rehabilitation team members, role clarity is significant in ensuring a functional and efficient team. Reporting the interventions being provided to the client, to the team provides transparency on what interventions are already being given to the patient. This prevents one member of the team from providing interventions that are already being addressed by the other members. If two members of the team try to provide the same intervention or address the same problem, the patient would just be paying for an extra therapy session that is not needed. It would also be less efficient considering that the time used to treat what is already being addressed, could be used to address the other problems of the patient.

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1. What are professional and/or non-professional roles and responsibilities in your chosen field?
The role of the Occupational therapist is to be able to make the client function in their everyday life, by either minimizing the steps in their activities or changing them to suit their needs or even using adaptive devices to make complicated activities easier for them so there will still have a sense of fulfillment as they can do the activities on their own. We are to first assess which adls are they have difficulty with and where we can help to make it easier for them as OT we give them to assist individuals of all ages to live their lives to the fullest by promoting health and helping them avoid or cope better with accident, disease, or handicap.

2. What is the value of role clarity among members of the team?

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Describe a time when you have been part of a team in which differences of opinions developed about how the work was assigned or completed.

a.      What was your role?

b.      What actions did you make?

c.      Is there any specific sub-competency applicable to the situation?

d.      What was the outcome?

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(Unit 7: Reflective Practice)Guide Questions for CLL 

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(Unit 7: Reflective Practice)Guide Questions for CLL 

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1. Why should we reflect on practice? What skills are needed to reflect on practice?
2. What’s your favorite model of reflective practice? How can you apply this model in your future practice?

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1. Why should we reflect on practice? What skills are needed to reflect on practice?

Reflecting on our actions and accepting our mistakes is sometimes hard for an individual due to many reasons such as pride or guilt. However, reflecting is a stepping stone to progress and development as an individual. And as future healthcare practitioners and clinicians, we must learn this soft skill in order to be more effective in our roles and responsibilities especially in treating our clients. If we are able to do this within ourselves, working in an interprofessional team will be easier for us, the same goes with accepting professional criticisms from our workmates. Moreover, reflection on practice is needed because it strengthens our experiences and learnings to be better on what we do. Without this, rooms for improvement won’t be easily accepted. And in order to build this soft skill, we must be able to accept criticisms professionally and not get offended when reprimanded for something we did wrong through supervised clinical experiences or peer/colleague criticisms, instead learn from it and look at the bad experiences as a lesson to be better in the future. Journaling and reflective writing may also help us accept our mistakes and learn to reflect on our own. Self-acceptance is very critical here as we only grow by learning from mistakes. And only if we learn to accept our own mistakes do we get to develop our individuality, as well as our growth in our profession.

2. What’s your favorite model of reflective practice? How can you apply this model in your future practice?

Among the models discussed in the lecture, my most favorite would be Gibbs’s Reflective Cycle as it clearly states its purpose, the steps are well defined and easily understood, and face value wise, it can be presented as it is without any further explanations and still be understood and used as guide for reflective practice. As a future clinician and healthcare provider, this cycle can be applied as early as now in our IPE course. Whenever group works and meetings are needed, we may encounter different opinions and perspectives on things or cases. With this model, I can  lay out the whole scenario of a misunderstanding, a reprimand, or a criticism from my groupmates and assess how things happened, how I felt with it, what learnings have I learned from the experience, and what I can do in the future to improve myself and my skills for collaborative work to be successful and for my growth as a practitioner to prosper more.

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a. What was your role?

I was the leader that time for our very last project as a class before we move up to senior high school. I was in charge of making sure all props, the set, the flow of the presentation are organized, and my classmates are well prepared since it is to be presented to other year levels and our teachers as well. But aside from being the leader, I was also a part of the presentation since each one of us must have a short spotlight at that time because it was about our class prophecy as they call it. So each dream of ours was presented and showcased.

b. What actions did you make?

That time, since the ending of the school year is approaching, everyone is just so excited to graduate and spend the vacation so literally, everything is all around the place. Everyone is ecstatic and somehow, I felt that they weren’t giving their best anymore for that one last project. I felt lonely and frustrated that time as I felt like I was the only one being concerned about perfecting that project. But of course, despite the frustrations, I still gave my best in leading the class. I always reminded them that it was our last project together (since we all chose to transfer schools after) and somehow our last class bonding. However, in the process of creating the project, my classmates and friends would remind me to take things slow and rest from time to time. They reminded me that, yes it should be perfect, but aside from its technicality, what matters most is that we are also enjoying the process of accomplishing it. And so that is when I realized that I shouldn’t really be pressured about anything since we just have to enjoy the presentation as it is about us. If we are enjoying, then the audience would also radiate the same energy and enjoy our performance as well.

c. Is there any specific sub-competency applicable to the situation?

Based on our Ethic lecture, it was mentioned that dilemmas are inevitable but it’s up to us on how we will deal with them. In my experience, giving and developing mutual respect and trust in collaborative work, understanding and respecting cultural diversity, individual differences, and expertise of our own roles, are sub-competencies that are very much applicable. Without respect and trust with each other, we won’t be able to create a good output since the process would most definitely be spent arguing. If they didn’t trust me as their leader then they won’t definitely follow me, the same goes with me trusting them and following their advice or accepting their suggestions. In any collaborative work, we always have our own tasks to accomplish, and we must respect each one's expertise to have smoother progress and better communication without crossing the line or offending one another.

d. What was the outcome?

Due to our constant open communication, willingness to accomplish a good output, and trust with each other, we were able to present a very touching and well thought off presentation. Our adviser and teachers, as well as our schoolmates, loved our concept and looked forward to the future our class will take because of it. But above all the grades and the audience satisfaction, our class’ happiness on the very last show was something I would never forget. The smiles and laughter we shared from the start, up to that very moment was something that made it all worth it and even better. So for me, that project was really successful.

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1. Reflect on the importance of communication and teamwork in your own IPE group after completing PLA3. How did the team communicate? What went well and how can it be improved? Use of What? So what? Now What? Reflection model by Rolfe et al (2001).

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1. Why should we reflect on practice? What skills are needed to reflect on practice?
- We should reflect on practice so that we can take time to analyze situations and prevent mistakes from happening in the future. We want to reflect on our mistakes, and learn from them to prevent them from occurring in the future. It is also to evaluate and develop practice since we need to review our practice in an ongoing way to keep our knowledge on literature and new techniques up to date since we would need to keep ourselves updated for the benefit o four patients. Reflecting on practice would also make us strive for excellence which is essential because practitioners should be competent and carry out their role in an effective way. Through reflection, we can also make practice creative as new ideas can be generated because reflection stimulates creative thought processes. Reflecting on practice would help us question our assumptions, and would also give us a clear understanding of the values and the attitudes that we bring to our practice. Lastly, It would provide us a means for constructing professional knowledge, as this includes a high level of self-knowledge and can be constructed through the process of reflective practice. The skills needed to reflect on practice is self-awareness wherein we are aware of ourselves and we know our weaknesses and strengths, description or our ability to provide an accurate account of what happened for us to reflect on the event that happened, critical analysis which is the ability to examine the components and elements involved in the medical error, synthesis which enables the integration of new knowledge from existing knowledge, evaluation wherein we evaluate all the factors needed in the action, and lastly is the intervention which is the ability to decide whether and how to take the action.

2. What’s your favorite model of reflective practice? How can you apply this model in your future practice?
- My favorite model of reflective practice would be Gibbs’ Reflective Cycle. I like this model because it is firmly grounded in learning from experience. It emphasizes the need for an individual to reflect and think about the experience they encountered and to learn from that experience itself. And instead of thinking about the experience as a whole or thinking about different experiences at once, this model would only focus on a single specific event that occurred. Through these, I can apply the Gibbs’ reflective cycle in my future practice by reflecting on the actions and experiences that I will encounter as a clinician in the future such as when collaborating with other colleagues or during therapy sessions with my clients. This model includes six stages including the description, feelings, evaluation, analysis, conclusion, and action plan. The description is for us to first identify a single event or a singular relevant issue that we would want to focus on, the feelings are for us to analyze and identify both the positive and negative feelings that are generated through the event, and being able to acknowledge these feelings before going to the next stage which is the evaluation, wherein we will make a valid judgment about what had occurred during the event and think about both the good and the bad experience we got from it, then the analysis and conclusion wherein we would just pause and do critical thinking for us to consider and try to understand the experience from other perspectives and think of what it would mean. Lastly would be the action plan wherein we would think about what we could do next time if a similar event would happen again.

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a. When I was a senior high student, I was the Co-Captain of UST’s Boys Athletics team. As a Co-Captain, I have a lot of responsibilities in our, one of those is to make sure that my teammates are complying to their academic responsibilities and athlete duties. I remember, when our UAAP season is already near, they had a lot of problems when it comes to attendance, not only in trainings, but also in their classes. There are different opinions and arguments that developed. Since they’re from provinces and usually, it is fine for them not to go to their classes when competition is near, they also do it too when they're in UST already, but it shouldn't be like that. When you’re in a bigger school already, professors are very strict when it comes to attendance and school requirements. If the excuses are not reasonable, there is no way that they will excuse the athlete to compete when the competition started.

b. As one of the captains in the team, I have to always check if they attended their classes and also our training sessions. It was tiring to the point that one time I had a heated discussion with one of my teammates because of an attendance issue, but nonetheless it was resolved immediately.

c. Specific sub-competency applicable to the situation is to embrace cultural diversity and individual differences. As I said, most of my teammates are from the provinces and they grew up in a different culture and environment. Hence, their outlook on academic and sports responsibilities might be far from those who know were thought properly that both are important as a student-athlete. So, as Co-Captain, I should be prepared to accept the responsibility and work with them to achieve our team goal, which is to win the UAAP title, without compromising our academic responsibilities. I should also open an opportunity for them to learn and give space for them to grow as they adapt to the new system they are in.

d. At that time, I had some teammates who discontinued their study in UST because they FA remarks in their subjects. It’s not that they can’t comply to the rules and regulations, they’re just not interested in studying and complying to their school requirements, which is not excusable. When you are a student-athlete, you have to accomplish your responsibilities as a student and as an athlete. Nonetheless, we were able to break a lot of records that year and we were able to land in 2nd place (overall ranking in boys division).

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1. What was your role?

During a class project, I was part of the props and design team. In terms of my role and responsibilities as part of the team, I helped in thinking about what props or sets we could do for the play, buying materials needed to make the props such as cardboard, paint, paintbrushes, styrofoam, and other art materials needed for designing the props and the set. I also helped keep track of what pros and sets were already done and what we're still unfinished, and if the design of the set should be changed or not.

2. What actions did you make?

Whenever there were differences in opinion among the team, such as when deciding on what prop would be better to make for a particular set or what design would be more appropriate for the set, we would usually talk amongst ourselves, and we would each share our opinion on the matter. Aside from the props and design team, we would also ask the opinion of other teams since it would affect the whole class. We always made sure to hear each other out and consider everyone’s opinion before deciding as a team on what would be the best decision.

3. Is there any specific sub-competency applicable to the situation?

Some sub-competencies based on our lecture in ethics that would be applicable to this situation would be respecting other roles, responsibilities, and skills, and working in cooperation with our team members since it is important for us to respect each other and help one another when working with each other in the group. Developing a trusting relationship is also important since the members of the group are individuals you are going to cooperate with and would need to trust when they are voicing out their opinions and when making decisions as a team.

4. What was the outcome?

Overall, whenever our team had to face any difficulties or if a problem arises, we will always make sure to communicate with each other, voice out our opinions and possible solutions to the problem, and we would decide as a team on what we would do to solve the problem. In the end, our team was able to finish all the props and set designs on time before the day of the class play, the other teams were also able to do their roles and responsibilities, and as a whole class, we were able to perform the play satisfactorily.

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How did the team communicate? What went well and how can it be improved?

Use the What? So what? Now what? reflection model by Rolfe et al (2001).

The group started with a team meeting in order to talk about the plan we will be doing for the activity. This included talking about our primary advocacy for our assigned audience (administrators). The group had multiple suggestions for the advocacy and the good thing about it is that we were able to form one concise and complete advocate from it by combining our suggestions in one topic. After this, we talked about the specific contents and details to be put in the video output. Our individual roles (scriptwriter, voice-over, visual materials creator, editor) were allocated depending on what we are comfortable to do and what our skills can manage. This role distribution process is something I liked because we get to choose our tasks in order to express our individual strengths while working on a group output. Internal deadlines for each roles were also determined in order to not burden the video editor at the end and still meet the class deadline. At first, it was so hard for us to come up with a topic, but as we continued on with the meeting, progression of the topic, the contents, the creatives, went on more smoothly and flow of ideas continued making work faster.

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PLA3 was our first activity that had a video output. It was different from the previous PLAs in that it required technical skills and not just our background knowledge in our respective programs. Throughout the process our first problem was the almost last-minute planning we had to employ in making this project due to unforeseen circumstances beyond our control.  The biggest consequence was how rushed we felt accomplishing the task with the limited time we had especially since we had to accomplish two PLAs with the same deadlines. This incident served as a reminder to us to always prepare ourselves for activities but also to hold everyone involved in the project accountable. In my opinion another take-away I received from this experience is that I shouldn't be dependent on others to help all the time and instead take initiative in accomplishing tasks. In the end, I'm satisfied with how the team communicated as this incident brought us closer as a group, as a working machine, and I'm happy that it still turned out for the better despite all the things that went wrong from the creation of this task to its completion

Answers to the guide questions on the videos:
I think that the members are not fully prepared to discuss the case. Aside from two members of the team in the first video clearly being distracted by each other during the discussion, it sounded as if the other members were discussing details and coming up with decisions haphazardly. Some members were also making decisions on the planned treatment based on emotion, catering to the patient rather than thinking of what could be done FOR the patient based on the knowledge of the professional. It was also clear that not everyone has performed their duties with the interventions and the financial aspects of the treatment plan.

It seemed as if not everyone are aware of the full details of the patient's condition and due to this there is a lack of communication and cooperation on the IPE team. Discussion was not that substantial due to the fact that numerous circumstances involved with each member prevented them from contributing  meaningfully to the case.

In the second video, it was noted by one of the members that they were looking at the case from a biased perspective, putting foremost their relationship to the patient rather than the professional, medical aspect of planning. They also were hesitant to involve the PT, which can become detrimental to the treatment program later on especially if the patient does require the specialties of the PT.

From these two cases it's evident that part of being in an IPE team is preparing your mind and materials beforehand, as well as studying the case intensively before making a decision on the treatment. Treatment programs, when made with informed decisions among a group equipped with the knowledge of the case, are beneficial. Making a treatment program with the opposite however, can become detrimental to a patient's recovery

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When doing a task like public awareness campaign, it is important that the assigned member to a specific task will be her or his mastery or strength because there are people are good at editing, using software like Adobe Premiere Pro or Canva for layouts, but not good enough when it comes to speaking, or others are good at researching information than creating scripts. This is why communication is important in doing group works especially in PLA3. If we want to have a good output, we have to communicate to our groupmates our strengths and weaknesses knowing we only just met 2-3 months ago.

During the dissemination of the task, I was sick, so I wasn’t able to attend the meeting our meeting. I informed one of my groupmates about this and it’s nice because my groupmates are understanding, and everything went well during the process. The designation of the tasks was easy and also the brainstorming was productive because everyone in our group is always participating. In the end they were able to create a topic for our campaign.

Eventually, our group achieved a successful outcome, but to improve the outcome, we perhaps needed more creativity when it comes to creating a video campaign such as using different kinds of animation and pop out effects to make the visuals livelier. Although it was hard to make an output like that due to time constraints and overload of school requirements but I would suggest this in the future when we have more time.

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Reflecting on practice can help us understand what mistakes we made and assess how we can improve our performance as a member of a team and as a professional. Evaluation and feedback is important if we want to progress ourselves and each other into working better individually and together. As for the skills needed in reflecting on practice, first, Self-awareness is needed in order for an individual to understand what his/her strengths and weaknesses are as a professional. Second, description is needed in order for an individual to understand themselves in-detail. Critical analysis and Synthesis is needed for a person to do an in-depth reflection of their performance and the performance of the group in order to figure out what went wrong or what went right. Evaluating is important as stated earlier since it is required in proper reflection. Lastly, action/intervention is important because apart from understanding what we did well and what we did wrongly, we also need to identify how we can CORRECT our mistakes and actually grow as a professional

I think the best model would be the Borton's Developmental Framework. This is because there is a set of questions that one can use for a situation and it helps focus on what our mistakes were, making it easier for us to identify and change our habits and approaches to future projects

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In a certain production I was involved in before, I was tasked with editing the output. However, I had experience with the given theme and topic and it was clear before our meeting that whoever was assigned with the conceptualization of the output was not well-versed with the theme. With this, I tried to consult the person in charge and try to point the output into what I thought would be a better direction. A compromise was reached eventually, leading to changes in the output, but with the main concept proposed by the head of the team being retained.

Personally, considering what transpired and how it was handled, I still felt like I could have done more to push for a better output that goes out of the box rather than the current concept but since I am merely a member and not necessarily a leader, I was unable to fully express my full opinion on the activity and just resorted to working with what I was given.

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How did the team communicate? What went well and how can it be improved? Use the What? So What? Now what? Reflection model by Rolfe et al (2001).

The group first scheduled a time wherein everyone was able to attend the meeting so that everyone could plan and collaborate together on what we plan to do for the PLA 3. During the meeting, the group members read through the project outcomes and procedures of PLA 3 to have an understanding of what we would do and then thought of possible concepts or ideas for our advocacy for our public awareness campaign. After the members listed down their ideas, the group merged them in order to make our final advocacy which would highlight the importance of communication and teamwork for collaborative practice in the healthcare setting. Since our target audience was administrators, we thought of relevant topics regarding this that we could include in our video presentation. The group discussed what type of audio-video presentation we would want to use and searched for sample videos for possible ideas until everyone agreed with the animated infographic type video presentation with voice-over. Afterward, the members chose their individual assignments for who wanted to be in charge of the script, voice-over, editing, and ppt. Something the group could possibly improve on is time management and scheduling since the members of the group have different schedules. Overall, the meeting went well and there were no major problems during the meeting as the members were able to cooperate and communicate effectively with each other by sharing our ideas and expressing opinions throughout the meeting.

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How did the team communicate? What went well and how can it be improved? Use the What? So What? Now what? Reflection model by Rolfe et al (2001).

For the PLA 3, the team communicated through a virtual meeting wherein we discussed what the task is about and what our team would need to finish it. We started with the division of tasks. Since PLA 3 requires us to submit a short video, we divided the group into script writers, speakers, and video editors. In designating the tasks, we decided that members may volunteer on what contribution they can give. Only one member was tasked to edit the whole video to ensure the video’s consistency. Two members were tasked to record voice overs of the script and the rest of the members were assigned to write the script. Given that there are plenty of us in the group we established our internal deadlines through suggesting and voting a date wherein our editor wouldn’t have to rush his work. Sure enough, everyone was able to comply with their deadlines. Communication surely played a big part in the completion of our work. Through it, we were able to know which tasks our groupmates excel in and which they are comfortable with. That made the division of tasks easier, and we were able to move forward. Prioritization was also discussed in planning and establishing the group deadlines. With this we were able to consider, not just our own work but also how the completion of our task will affect the work of others. Obviously, we would not be able to accomplish this without teamwork. Our group was able to work on our separate tasks and still support or give inputs and suggestions on the work of others. All in all, the group’s work was adequate and met our expectations. One thing that we could’ve improved on would in communication. The group could’ve discussed more by giving feedbacks on the outputs, checking, and rechecking the contents.

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a.         What was your role?

During my time in USTSHS, our class was divided into groups, and were tasked to create short films for a film festival/competition. For this, I was the main actor for the film. We assigned members of the team to the roles that we know they would excel in. In time, our script was done, and it was time to start filming. The venue for the filming was set in Bulacan, in one of the members abandoned house. Halfway through filming some members of the group suddenly stated that they don’t think that the script was adequate.

b.        What actions did you make?

Considering that we were already in Bulacan which is an inconvenience for the most of us, my first thoughts were to just continue filming. My group held a meeting and discussed what course of action to take. I suggested to my group that we need to immediately determine whether we would scrap script and write a new one or just alter it. After hearing everyone’s thoughts we voted and decided to write a new script on which me and the script writer worked on for a few days.

c.         Is there any specific sub-competency applicable to the situation?

For this situation, I think respect for each other’s roles, responsibilities and skills would’ve made our task easier. Some members voiced out opinions without any real basis and just through subjective preferences and this resulted to more work for the members involved in script writing. Considering that the tasks and roles of the members were divided beforehand, I think trust on everyone’s skills and competencies would’ve benefited our group.

d.        What was the outcome?

As a result of that, our group failed to be included on the next round due to time constraints. Despite being able to finish the script immediately, its quality was compromised. Furthermore, the filming was rushed, and the overall output was disorganized and lacking in quality.

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1.      Why should we reflect on practice? What skills are needed to reflect on practice?

It is crucial that we reflect on practice because it will lead us towards improvement. Skills are not just formed through repetitive actions but also through the awareness of one’s mistakes. Through reflecting, we may be able to see what we lack and identify points for improvement. This allows us to avoid past mistakes and be better in what we do. In the context of being future healthcare professionals, reflecting on our practice is not only crucial but it’s also our responsibility. We must be competent in providing treatment as some mistakes would endanger or cause negative effects to our future clients. Yet, we are bound to make mistakes in the future as that would be inevitable and in the event that we do, we must reflect on them. Specially in interprofessional collaboration where we interact with other professionals in our work. This will make use of our experiences in working with ourselves, the client, and with other people. In practicing self-reflection, we open ourselves to criticisms of our colleagues and superiors which will enable us to improve in our field. Reflecting would allow us not just to be better professionals but also better individuals.

2.      What’s your favorite model of reflective practice? How can you apply this model in your future practice?

My preferred model of reflective practice would Kolb’s Learning Cycle. This is because it focuses on the experiences that we encounter and analyzes how those experiences differ from our understanding. Which would be beneficial, as we would encounter different people with different cases in our practice. This allows us to conceptualize new ideas based on the encountered experiences and will free our minds in thinking and forming solutions and applying them to our practice.

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Describe a time when you have been part of a team in which differences of opinions developed about how the work was assigned or completed.

a.      What was your role?

During my Junior High School - Senior High School days, I was an official member of the UAAP Juniors Judo team of UST. I was simply a tryout at first and later on became one of the seniors of the team who was expected to become significant component in motivating our team towards achieving our goal; which was to consistently win the overall champion and of course, win a medal in my division. The development of my role surely made a difference in terms of how I can make mark on our team as well as how I can fulfil the duties that came along with the role that was given to me. When I was simply a tryout, my focus during those times was to learn the basics of the sport and build a healthy relationship with the team since I would soon be a part of it in the future. But, as I’ve mentioned, I became a more key part of the team when I was on my last playing year of the team wherein we were on the verge of winning 4th overall championship in a row for the Juniors division in the UAAP. It really pushed me beyond my limits since I had to work harder knowing that I needed to achieve my goal before leaving the team as I went on to focus on my studies in college.

b.      What actions did you make?

When I was a senior of the team, I was expected to level up my game so that I can be able to win medals for our team but, it was also part of our responsibility to teach and motivate those part of our team that were new as well as those who were going to replace us once the other seniors have already graduated. With this in mind, I had to push them to having a mindset that was directed to our goal and help them balance the pressure that comes from becoming a student athlete. There were times I think that I pushed them to hard that they may have gotten hurt because of it, but, in our line of sport, I think feeling hurt is one of the key components that is needed to become stronger and more capable of handling even tougher opponents since winning won’t always be a piece of cake especially when everyone wants to win given they all worked hard for it if not more than what we think. During the UAAP season, it was really tough since all of us had different matters to attend to with school and the endless trainings, but, I think what made us get through all of it is how me and the other seniors were able to maintain the fun and focus of every member of the team in order for us not to get swayed with everything that was happening around us.

c.      Is there any specific sub-competency applicable to the situation?

The most appropriate sub-competencies applicable to my given situation in this case is learning to “Embrace the cultural diversity and individual differences that characterize patients, populations, and the healthcare team” and “Develop a trusting relationship with patients, families, and other members”. Contextualizing it to the journey I had was a student athlete, there were surely situations wherein I forgot to take a step back towards understanding how other members of team especially those who were new , regarding how they felt towards our way of motivating them in trainings. As I’ve mentioned, there were times that I became so focused with our goal that I sometimes forgot that it was not only me who wanted to win so bad and that I may be hurting others with the way I wanted to push them to working harder as much as I did. Moreover, we needed to build a trusting relationship because it will certainly become a key factor that can help us to be there for each other as a team and family whenever times get rough or when the outcome didn’t favour well to what we’ve expected. Luckily, we managed to understand each other’s situation and focused on what we can do to improve while not becoming too harsh amongst the others that we’re struggling and not doing well the same way I did and my other senior team members did.

d.      What was the outcome?

We were fortunate enough to overcome all odds and doubts that other teams had on us which led us to winning our 4-peat championship. It was truly one that is unforgettable given all the circumstances that arose during the actual competition where some of my senior team members who we expected to win medals weren’t able to do so. But, this didn’t swayed us out of our focus since we trust in each other and knew that it was ours to win if we just kept our head up and embraced whatever it was at present. Despite the differences that we had, we were able to overcome the disputes that we had during the course of the off-season and actual season which led us to achieving our main goal we had set for the team at the start.

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Reflect on the importance of communication and teamwork in your own IPE group after completing PLA3. How did the team communicate? What went well and how can it be improved? Use of What? So what? Now What? Reflection model by Rolfe et al (2001).

Communication was really a significant component that allowed our IPE group to be able to plan, delegate tasks and execute the plan needed to be able to complete our PLA3. It allowed us as well to know what roles where fit for the members of the team rather than just simply assigning whatever role to anyone. After the task was given, we immediately communicated regarding when can we schedule a meeting since it was necessary in order for us to carefully plan the task at hand.

During the meeting itself, communication was at play as we were giving our insights on how we can be able to meet the objectives of the PLA3 while ensuring that the output will have a creative aspect since it was also part of the grading criteria. Fortunately, we were able to coordinate well regarding the components needed to be included in the the output as well as how we can incorporate it into an output that is appropriate for the audience that was assigned to us.

Applying the Reflection Model by Rolfe et al (2010), during the initial stages off our planning towards the end of our meeting, we were able to incorporate the what and so what part of the model wherein we utilised communication efficiently towards creating an outline of what it was that was needed for our output to include, and who will be doing which part so that tasks are divided appropriately and effectively as well as establishing an internal deadline to ensure that our video editors won't have a hard time compiling the script we made on the actual output. For the Now what part, I think it is was shown during the later stages of doing the PLA3 wherein we already knew our roles and what it was we needed to accomplish. Basically, it was just a matter of taking into consideration the given guidelines that were provided and doing the tasks assigned to us efficiently. In conclusion, we were able to finish the PLA3 with an output that was comprehensive and fit for the given criteria that was given in the guidelines of PLA3. I could say that our meeting, planning and execution turned out to be successful despite the differences present in terms of our programs, schedules and workload we had during that time since we managed to accomplish it ahead of time.

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Guide Questions:

Reflect on the importance of communication and teamwork in your own IPE group after completing PLA3.

How did the team communicate? What went well and how can it be improved? Use of What? So what? Now What? Reflection model by Rolfe et al (2001).

Usually, our team meets at a planned time. We always vote for a specific hour when everyone is available if we were not able to meet during IPE time. During the meeting for PLA 3, we have collaborated, brainstormed, and divided the tasks. We first analyzed the different roles needed when making the activity then we decided how many members were needed in each role. Although all of us contributed to the content of the activity, we did it in a very impromptu way. The communication of the team could be better if everyone will voice out their opinion regarding the activity's components. Nonetheless, we were able to accomplish our goals and finish the activity on time.

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(Unit 6: Ethics) Guide Questions:

Describe a time when you have been part of a team in which differences of opinions developed about how the work was assigned or completed.

a. What was your role?

We have several competitions during our Junior High School days. I usually take the role of a leader of a subgroup. For example, we would divide our class into different teams as needed (a creatives team, the content team, etc.). Our section frequently has discussions regarding our expectations for the presentation and there are usually varying opinions.

b. What actions did you make?

When we develop arguments, I am the type of person who would listen and analyze the problem first before stepping up to speak. This way, we will have lesser misunderstandings and develop more strategies to solve the problem.

c. Is there any specific sub-competency applicable to the situation?

In reference to what has been discussed in our lecture, there are several sub-competencies applicable to the situation. Since we have been classmates for years already at that time, we already know each other's work ethics and we have already developed trust that we will be able to accomplish the task given to us. We abide by the rule to respect others' works and point out creative criticisms in a respectful manner. Despite our differences, we were able to cooperate and develop outstanding performances and outputs.

d. What was the outcome?

After all discussions and preparations, we were always able to put out a good output/performance. Despite having several obstacles during rehearsals and preparations, we were always able to talk it out and think of ways to solve our problem. This is why communication in a team is important. We always have to address our concerns clearly and stay respectful of whatever decision the team would come up with.

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(Unit 7: Reflective Practice)Guide Questions for CLL

1. Why should we reflect on practice? What skills are needed to reflect on practice?

Reflecting is not just thinking back of what actions we have done. It is a way to review and contemplate about the decisions we have made and how could we make it better the next time. Deep-thinking and self-awareness are skills needed to be able to fully understand our course of actions and be able to evaluate our practice. This is important not only in improving our skills in practice but also for the patients that we treat, who is the center of our care, and for our colleagues, who are with us in our practice.

2. What’s your favorite model of reflective practice? How can you apply this model in your future practice?

My favorite model of reflective practice is Kolb's learning cycle. He stated that “Learning is the process whereby knowledge is created through the transformation of experience” . We always experience different things everyday. If we master the skills of looking back and contemplating on our actions, we may be able to turn these experiences, either good or bad, into a skill set that we may use in our practice. As for experiences during practice, we are always told that we learn as we experience. No one is good the first try and in our practice, it is important to know what we are doing since we deal with lives. Kolb's Learning cycle will help us develop our skills and learn from our mistakes to improve our efficiency and quality of care as we serve our clients and patients.

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1. Why should we reflect on practice? What skills are needed to reflect on practice?

The significance of reflecting in our practice lies in its possible effect on the future outcomes of our therapeutic sessions towards patients and clients. As healthcare professionals, it is our primary duty to ensure that we are able to provide care for our patients or clients to the highest of standards and as minimal mistakes as possible since it can certainly be detrimental towards their recovery or prevention of a more debilitating condition. With this in mind, it is our obligation to be aware of our strengths and weaknesses in practice so that we can be able to make the necessary changes or adjustments as early as possible so that no patient or client assigned to us will ever have to suffer more than what their current conditions affects their life just because we failed to take the necessary steps to evaluating our daily performance in providing interventions and examining them. Moreover, reflecting in practice allows us to grow as a person and a more dependable healthcare professional since it will make us question ourselves on whether or not we are really helping them, what is it that I lack skills and what can I do to help address more impairments so that I can help others regain their functional self and not settle for what their condition makes them to be.

Reflective practice may appear quite simple  but it actually requires some skills to ensure that it will be done appropriately to ensure that it will serve its purpose for us healthcare professionals that will be utilising it from time to time. According to Atkins, S., & Murphy, K. (1993), the skills needed to reflective practice include self awareness, description, critical analysis, synthesis and evaluation. All of these are equally important since they will be able to examine the significant components of our practice from which we can identify our strengths as well as weaknesses from where we can try to create possible adjustments and changes that can make us more competent in practice.  Self-awareness will help us to understand better ourself apart from just simply our role as a healthcare professional. Moreover, it can aid us to know our purpose which led us to choosing this field of work and from there, we can look back on our accomplishments, difficulties and failures of which helped us to become the person we are at present. This will inspire to want to challenge ourself again through working to improve in our field and more through further study and research so that we can provide care for more individuals that feel hopeless from their condition because they are not as knowledgeable as we are on how they can address the impairments that they currently possess. After self awareness comes description, critical analysis and synthesis as well as evaluation where we will now work on assessing the needed improvements necessary after identifying what it is that we can and cannot do, therefore, we can focus on these and have a direction towards our goal of becoming better. Aside from those enumerated by Atkins & Murphy, they also provided others such as honesty, trust, time commitment, motivation, and practice which are all as important as what were previously mentioned since they can be significant to consider as we undergo reflective practice.

2. What’s your favorite model of reflective practice? How can you apply this model in your future practice?

All of the models of reflective practice discussed in the lectures where all insightful and unique from one another in terms of their approach, but, the one that I was most interested in was “Kolb’s Learning Cyle”. The reason behind this is how he correlated learning with experience rather than just focusing on identifying the problem. As it is known in the field of healthcare, it is common that we learn by experience since in order for us to be able to apply what we have learned in lectures and discussions, we need to put it into practice whether it be in return demonstrations or practical examinations in order for us to understand concepts better and more importantly, the lives of many depend on it. With this in mind, the model of Kolby is already applicable in my situation right now wherein I am still in school in learning by experience so that I when I am already in practice in a rehabilitation centre or hospital, I am more capable of handling any type of situation that comes. Also, I was interested on the aspects that comprised his model such as the concrete experience, reflective observation, abstract conceptualisation, active experimentation and repeat. From this process of Kolb’s model, it basically tells us that in order for us to learn, we need to be able to experience it through application and trying it out and from there we can be able to know whether or not it can lead us to achieve the objectives we have set for our patients and clients. The model also provides as an opportunity to try out things in order for us to experience success or failure; both of which can make us better for future situations we are to face. Ultimately, the failures or achievements we experience will equip as with the knowledge needed to become the best healthcare professional that is confident in helping our patients or clients unfold their better self.

References:
Atkins, S., & Murphy, K. (1993). Reflection: A review of the literature. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 18, 1188-1192.
Grant, A. McKimm, J. & Murphy, F. (2017). Developing reflective practice: a guide for medical students, doctors, and teachers. (1st ed.). USA: Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Slusser, M., Garcia, L., Reed, C., & McGinnis, P. (2019). Foundations of interprofessional collaborative practice in health care. (1st ed.). St. Louis, Missouri: Elsevier Inc.

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Due to the circumstances, our limited form of communication has always been a struggle for us. However, after we’ve successfully completed PLA3, I’ve realized how despite that, we were able to come up with a project we are happy about. This is all thanks to our meeting where we brainstormed together and formed the main concept of what was then just an idea. After this, we split roles based on our strengths and communicated with each other for our feedback. Our improvement points were discussed when our initial draft was sent, and all of the comments were then resolved. I firmly think that despite the barriers of online communication, our group has completed this project so efficiently because everyone picked a role they wanted and complied with. Communication bridged us together into coming up with advocacy, delegating tasks, resolving problems, and finally, approving the final output. For the “Now What” part of the model, I think that due to our different schedules, we didn’t really have a choice but to communicate with each other at night, which gave us a hard time. Perhaps next time, we could try meeting earlier to allow more time to work with, given our schedules.

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Describe a time when you have been part of a team in which differences of opinions developed about how the work was assigned or completed.

a.      What was your role?

Every end of the semester, we were required to issue a school newspaper. I played the role of head copyeditor which makes me responsible in making sure that the newspaper was flawless. However, I suggested if the editorial board could also help me proofread the entire newspaper which was around 20 pages because I wanted different perspectives to see mistakes I was blinded to.

b.      What actions did you make?

Since I worked closely with our adviser, I voiced my suggestion and she liked it. However, the editorial board did not like the idea of it because they were writers more than proofreaders; although their job descriptions require them to take part in the publishing process of the newspaper.

c.      Is there any specific sub-competency applicable to the situation?

I think this situation shows responsibilities and working in cooperation with team members really well. My suggestion was for us to work together for the newspaper to ensure the quality of newspapers we were releasing and through this, we fulfill our job responsibilities.

d.      What was the outcome?

In the end, it all worked out for us. We were able to release a (as I would like to say) “flawless” newspaper. Revisions were a struggle because it changed the format of our newspaper; hence, the graphic artist also had to work extra with us. Our adviser was also very happy with this teamwork that we used this strategy again for our second release.

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1. Why should we reflect on practice? What skills are needed to reflect on practice?

Reflecting on practice is the application of our theoretical knowledge learned in school into real life. In the context of my current field of practice, PT, it is critical that I comprehend what I'm learning both conceptually and practically because it will tremendously assist me in my profession and provide quality healthcare in the future. As a result, reflecting on my work would provide me with more self-awareness and build professional knowledge. To do so, one needs to be familiar with the skills of self-awareness, description, critical analysis, evaluation, and action. When we are self-aware, we identify our own thoughts and feelings. When we can describe what happened without jumping to conclusions, we practice description. In addition to this, we need critical analysis to dissect a situation; we evaluate to look for the good and bad for every experience; lastly, in applying the skill of action planning, we determine our course of action should the situation happen again.

2. What’s your favorite model of reflective practice? How can you apply this model in your future practice?

I think that Gibbs’ Reflective Model amply discusses what I want out of life. It emphasizes how mere experiences do not shape who you are; rather, it is when we learn from them that we truly grow. I also appreciate how the cycle symbolizes how we keep learning in life over time and therefore bloom as we grow. The thing about this cycle is that it also teaches us how to end it—by learning from it. For this question, I shall discuss how I intend to apply this to be the best doctor I can be. Lessons keep pouring in from where I am now, and though it overwhelms me, I know that I am not even out there yet. In this field of practice, it is crucial that we learn how to self-discipline because our job is to handle a person’s life. Like theoretical lessons we learn from school, I plan to apply lessons I have learned and will learn through my experiences as I strive to sharpen my skills every day for my patients. This, I owe to the lives I will touch, and to myself as well.

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Reflect on the importance of communication and teamwork in your own IPE group after completing PLA3. How did the team communicate? What went well and how can it be improved? Use of What? So what? Now What? Reflection model by Rolfe et al (2001).

The team communicated initially through a video call via zoom. It was through this meeting where the team discussed the contents of the output. Afterwards, the roles were also decided, such as scriptwriters, PowerPoint (PPT) makers, video editors, and voice overs. The roles were chosen by each member, rather than assigning the roles randomly to the members. Choosing our roles made sure that we will be able to do parts in which we could maximize our skills, thus ensuring a more quality output. Finally, a deadline was determined for each role.

Follow up of parts and checking of the video was done through messenger or chat. Since I was the video editor, the PPT team and voice over team would update me through chat as soon as their parts are done. This makes work more efficient, since I was notified when all parts were done, I could start editing as soon as possible. I could have improved the video by adding animations or by making a more complex video. But due to time constraints I avoided these options and went with something easier to do for the amount of time that we have.

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Reflect on the importance of communication and teamwork in your own IPE group after completing PLA3. How did the team communicate? What went well and how can it be improved?

Use the What? So what? Now what? reflection model by Rolfe et al (2001).

This module required us to submit a video output which would demand a greater amount of teamwork and communication to accomplish as opposed to the standard written outputs. However, we were able to accomplish the task through the active participation of the entire team. We initially held a conference to discuss the project, delegation of responsibility, and internal deadlines. We made progress rather swiftly which allowed us to work on our respective parts in our own time and prevented any communication breakdown to occur. The rest of the team was also free to make suggestions to any of the other parts which were helpful in generating the finest outcome. For me, this approach was very effective and practical because we were able to perform our other obligations in other courses. Now, since we were able to establish the efficacy of this type of approach in project making, we may use it in succeeding assignments.

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Describe a time when you have been part of a team in which differences of opinions developed about how the work was assigned or completed.

a.      What was your role?

During one of our recent conferences in our professional courses, I was part of a 3 man team within a group. We were tasked to create an intervention plan for a specific condition we were assigned to. The entire team did not conduct any prior conference and simply delegated the task and worked on them separately per subgroup. My subgroup was able to finish our end of the project, however, during our group discussion, the other subgroup had informed us they wanted to integrate their part with ours. The issue was, they wanted us to scratch our initial idea to accommodate theirs.

b.      What actions did you make?

In the end, my subgroup discussed the group’s verdict and decided to remove the plan we initially designed. We proceeded with merging intervention plans with the other subgroup since the rest of the team agreed that it would be the most efficient approach.

c.      Is there any specific sub-competency applicable to the situation?

The sub competency regarding working in cooperation with those who contribute on service provision is applicable in our situation because our subgroup could have prevented unnecessary work had we been informed of the other group’s idea and expected outcome. We could have worked more efficiently and productively if we were given the opportunity to discuss collaboratively prior to working on our own.

d.      What was the outcome?

We were still able to accomplish our task and everyone in the team including my subgroup was satisfied with the end results. Despite the miscommunication, all we wanted was the best for the team, so we made adjustments and finalized our assignment according to the group discussion.

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Why should we reflect on practice? What skills are needed to reflect on practice?

It is critical for healthcare providers to reflect on practice as it would ultimately improve one’s clinical judgement and knowledge in practice. This allow the practitioner to build confidence from revising, analyzing and reflecting on past mistakes and try to correct them in future practice. Healthcare professionals may also generate new ideas and techniques based on their experience that can improve professional competence. In order to effectively reflect on practice, a practitioner must possess analytical skills for them to identify and create links between their experiences and knowledge to develop better future outcomes.

What’s your favorite model of reflective practice? How can you apply this model in your future practice?

Among the other models of reflective practice, I personally prefer Gibb’s Reflective Practice Model. I find that this model to be direct to the point and it happened to be mentioned across other courses. This model is also how I envision what a reflection would look like even before this was discussed, which is why I appreciate and relate to it above all other reflective practice models. Since this model is grounded by the idea of learning is based on experience and in elaborating those experiences, I can apply this in my future practice to determine what strategies I am comfortable performing and others that still need further refinement.

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Describe a time when you have been part of a team in which differences of opinions developed about how the work was assigned or completed.

a.      What was your role?

b.      What actions did you make?

c.      Is there any specific sub-competency applicable to the situation?

d.      What was the outcome?

I was the video editor for our department’s entry for a competition. My role was direct to the point, it was to turn whatever was written on the script into visuals. But I encountered a lot of problems that could have been solved with proper communication, such as establishing a single video file for all the people involved to avoid converting many files which could take up a lot of time. But what I found the most difficult was the constant changes in the script, these changes will the delay the actors from filming their parts, thus delaying the editing which in turn decreases the amount of time that I could edit. There was a point where the entire script changed, and I ended up working with another set of people. Although the original script writers were not involved in the new script anymore, they would keep on suggesting ideas that were difficult to fit in the script and difficult to edit.

For this situation I think work in cooperation is a sub-competency that could be applied. We tried our best to work with the first set of script writers, but their suggestions were difficult to implement in the new script. We tried to explain why we cannot accept their suggestions, but they would become rude to us. We ended up accepting some of the ideas that they suggested to satisfy them and prevent them from bothering us any further. The final output ended up with questionable parts that did not really fit in with the video. Due to time constraints that resulted from the constant changes to the script, the video was not polished in terms of editing to meet the deadline of the event. The video ended up last in the competition and I was just happy that it was over.

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1.     Why should we reflect on practice? What skills are needed to reflect on practice?

2.    What’s your favorite model of reflective practice? How can you apply this model in your future practice?

Reflecting on our practice allows us to understand better our work. Only through understanding what had transpired during practice can we be able to improve ourselves. In order to reflect we need to first be self-aware. If we refuse to see the errors in our practice, we will not be able to identify the problems that hinders us from improving. We should have the ability to accurately remember what had transpired during the session in order for us to analyze what had gone wrong, what had gone right, and in which parts could be improved in the future. Finally, we should be able to come up with ideas on how we could correct our mistakes and improve our practice.

My favorite reflection model is the one made by Rolfe et al (2001). It follows a what? so what? now what? structure. This model became my favorite, since it was something that was introduced to us by our professor during my first year in OT. Every time we were required to create a written output, this professor would always ask us to follow this model. It became something that I had become accustomed to. I can apply this model in the future by constantly applying it every after session. I would ask myself what have happened in the session, this will allow me to recollect and analyze everything that had transpired. Then I will ask myself so what? to question myself of what I had just experienced. It will make me ask myself if I had given my patients that best possible interventions that I could give. Finally, I will ask myself now what? What else can I do in the future to improve my practice. Since every person is unique, I must reflect differently on each one of my clients. I cannot just reflect on one intervention that I had given to one of my clients and assume that I could administer it to others.

Reference:

Rolfe, G., Freshwater, D. and Jasper, M. (2001). Critical reflection in nursing and the helping professions: a user’s guide. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.

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1. Reflect on the importance of communication and teamwork in your own IPE group after completing PLA3. How did the team communicate? What went well and how can it be improved? Use of What? So what? Now What? Reflection model by Rolfe et al (2001).

In the making of the PLA3, we used Zoom as the method of our communication, we first discuss the topic given to us and once the topic we have has been finalized someone then shares a link of google docs on where we can input our thought and ideas as a group. After we had input all our thoughts, we edit out which parts are necessary and which parts are not. After finalizing the content, we then decide on what method do we use to showcase our ideas and we vote on the ideas we gave out after that we segregated them into script making, voiceovers, ppt editor, and video editor to make it more efficiently. We also set an internal deadline per part so that the person doing the next parts have ample time to edit and that we would also have time to check the final output and it would not be too rush. For me what we did was very efficient because it make us communicate and interact together to share our thought and ideas as a group and we were able to plot everything well.

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What?
For PLA 3, our group tasked to make a video that would discuss about communication happening in the administrators in the health care or academe setting. Creating a video would entail brainstorming, careful planning  and executing everything that we have planned for us to come up with a good output. The first thing that we did was to meet through zoom. I initiated and facilitated the discussion for our group since our LO during that time wasn’t able to attend because of sickness. While discussing, we are also inputting our insights and suggestion in google docs which made the process more efficient. We first suggested themes on what we would want to focus on since communication is a broad topic. After all the suggestions, we then came up with an advocacy called “Unity for Community”.  From this, we then created an outline that would guide us about what contents should be included in the video. After this, I suggested having different roles to ensure that everyone would be able to contribute according to their skills. The roles were scriptwriter, people who would organize the PPT especially making sure that there would be good visuals and an editor who would make animations and necessary editing to make it presentable. We also set up different internal deadlines for each role to ensure that we would be able to maximize our time.

So What?
I learned and saw the importance of breaking down the tasks and delegating it to the members of the team. It’s also important to consider what skills are they good at so that they’ll be assigned to tasks that would be easier for them to do. This is the approach that we used and made our work became more efficient. A difficulty that we encountered would still be our communication. It’s still not seamless and most of the times we arrive at “information saturation”. Since we are 13 in a group , some ideas and suggestions are being repeated, thus, some members weren’t able to share their thoughts about some topics.

Now What?
With this communication problem, we can address this by being mindful and considerate when communicating. If you know that you’ve already contributed a relevant idea or suggestion, then give way for other members for them to also contribute their ideas and/or suggestions.

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Describe a time when you have been part of a team in which differences of opinions developed about how the work was assigned or completed.

a.       What was your role?

Every case report and case presentation is a battle but there was this particular time two weeks ago which really challenged me because of the different opinions in our group of what would be the most appropriate intervention scenario would be. I was actually tasked on that part of our report and was able to already identify the primary and secondary intervention scenarios but when we were finalizing the report, some opposed it. When I asked their rationale about it, they just based it according to other groups’ answer which I don’t think is not a good idea since we all have different clinical reasoning.

b.       What actions did you make?

I stood up with the rationale I came up with by thoroughly stating the clinical reasoning behind it, but our group were divided about what intervention scenario should be used. So, what we did was to vote so that everyone in the group would have a say about it. Although I feel strongly about the clinical reasoning I came up with, I still respected the process.

c.       Is there any specific sub-competency applicable to the situation?

The sub-competencies applicable for this situation are respect for the roles and responsibilities of the members, develop a trusting relationship with others and working in cooperation with others. Respecting the roles and responsibilities, and develop a trusting relationship are closely related because we should trust the ‘expertise’ of each member of the team especially if they really studied about it. Working in cooperation is very vital in cases like this because the group would need to arrive on one outcome and be on the same page.

d.       What was the outcome?

After voting on what should be our intervention scenario, the rationale of the different intervention scenario was favored over mine. I honestly felt sad about it, but I respected the decision of the team and adjusted to what the group voted on. During the case discussion, the facilitator said that our initial intervention scenario was actually the correct answer and the clinical reasoning I used was right. The other members of the recognized that we have to trust each other more and that we shouldn’t be swayed by other groups’ clinical reasoning.

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1. Why should we reflect on practice? What skills are needed to reflect on practice?
Reflecting on practice is looking back on what I have done and what the team accomplished for the patients. When we look back, this provides greater understanding on what are our best practices and what are those practices that we need to adjust or improve on. Reflective practice would make us realize that there’s still so many things that we need to learn and skills that we need to hone, not just so that I would become a better physical therapist and member of an IPE team but to give the best plan of care to the patients. Skills needed for this would be self-awareness, description, critical analysis, synthesis, evaluation, and action or intervention. The first two are skills that would help us recognize where we our in terms of our knowledge and skills in our practice. After this, the skills of critical analysis, synthesis, and evaluation would help in assessing the things that we recognized earlier. This would dhow if what we’re doing in our practice is appropriate or not. Lastly, the action or intervention would be the skill that would matter the most because it would show if we’re able to apply everything that we have recognized and assessed.

2. What’s your favorite model of reflective practice? How can you apply this model in your future practice?

The model that I liked the most is Gibb’s Reflective Cycle because it’s much more detailed compared to other models. This model will help in thoroughly discussing the practice and would push you into thinking or into reflective practice. This would be a helpful guide into my future practice because it would help me recognize and assess the situation well that would help me in adjusting my actions or the interventions that I'm providing.

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What? PLA3: GROUP OUTPUT ON THE COMMUNICATION WITHIN THE ADMINISTRATIVE SECTION OF THE HEALTH CARE SETTING
So What? LEARNING ON THE BARRIERS AND SOLUTIONS ON COMMUNICATION WITHIN THE HEALTH CARE ADMINISTRATION + OUR OWN GROUP COMMUNICATION DYNAMICS
Now What? IMPROVEMENT ON COMMUNICATION, BECOME MORE TWO - WAY

On the day of our first meeting for PLA3, I was late since that was the day for my first dose of vaccination. Fortunately, when I got into our Zoom meeting, tasks were not yet delegated to the members and one of our members was just summarizing the plan for our PLA3. After a few minutes, it was suggested by one of the members of the group if we want that the delegation is based on the contributory factor, meaning you will assign yourself to whichever part you think you can contribute the most. All of us agreed on it since it is actually more convenient and will generate the best outcome possible for our PLA3. The tasks that was enumerated was the video editor, the PowerPoint team, the scriptwriters and the ones who will do the voiceover. We allotted time to choose and I chose to be part of the voices for the video since that is where I excelled more in comparison to the other delegated tasks. There were also internal deadlines before the actual deadline, one deadline for the scriptwriters and one for us whom will do the voice overs. Everything was rightfully in place during the planning and everyone followed the deadline and the quality of output that are expected of them. But I think the part where it was a slightly rough patch was when the video was already edited and up for checking. I was actually shy to say my thoughts at first because I was afraid that it will be disagreed on but since the video editor was also an OT student, I pushed through my comment. I commented that the background music was a little off the vibe in connection to the topic at hand. It wasn't acknowledged at first but gladly, our LO also said the same comment but it was the end of it. There were no actions taken on that commentary but I understood why and it wasn't actually anyone's fault, it is more of a point for improvement for the whole group. If the video editor was given a lot more time so that the comments will be addressed without any time constraints, it would have been better. Also on my part, I should've taken more initiative to ask also the other members on what they feel and think on the output. If I were able to ask and prompt for comments from my groupmates, the output could've been better since a lot will be having a say on the actual product. Though, the output is already okay, I think there are a lot of improvements to be made in terms of team communication and camaraderie.

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During my junior high school days, for the 4 years of my stay, I was always the director whenever there are class presentations (school wide cultural shows, class projects, etc.). In our 10th grade, we were tasked by the school to present a cultural show to the whole school as an intermission number. As a director, even though there were respective teams (creatives, costumes, performers, technical, etc.), it is my role to overlook every detail to ensure that we will properly deliver what we were asked to do. Even with such intention of mine, it was really inevitable that mishaps and problems will arise. One major problem that occurred back then was the expenses for the said show. I was blind sighted by the fact that as a director, it was also on my reputation that the cultural show will be really "bongga" or outrageously beautiful. I, along with some of my classmates, failed to take into consideration that even though 40+ will be contributing, it was a lot of money. Fortunately, the issue was raised early thus I was able to properly correct and adjust the expenditure system since quarter of the class really was adamant on paying a high amount of money due to financial capacity. Since some of the costumes and props were already bought and cannot be returned or refunded, I set a meeting with the heads of costume and props to come up with a lesser costing on the other materials and costumes to be made and bought so that higher expenses will be avoided. Such dilemma really brought out how I failed the sub competency of respecting individual differences because I failed to take into consideration the financial part and just went on and on with the mindset of having that splendid presentation. I neglected the differences in financial capacity, wherein fact, it must be one of the major considerations since I don't actually have the right to impose a certain amount to be paid. With all these, the cultural show was a great success for our graduating year in that school and as a director, I was applauded since it was the end of my directing career and I was able to put a show that garnered an outstanding ovation from the audience.

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1. As we practice our profession, we should always remember the quote, “there's always a room for improvement” because we will make mistakes and sometimes our service won’t meet the expectations of our clients. That is why we have to reflect. We need to find the areas we need to improve on and reflect on the things wherein we made errors. In our practice, sometimes the interventions and training variables that we gave is not appropriate to the client. Instead of eliciting proper adaptations, it elicits negative effects. That is why we have to practice hard and a lot so that we will immediately identify if our interventions are still appropriate or not.  Therefore, we reflect not only to become better in our profession, but also for the sake of our clients.

2. For me, my favorite model is Gibbs' Reflective Cycle by Graham Gibbs. The structure of his model is to learn from experiences.  This model offers a framework for examining experiences and allows you to learn and plan from things that either went well or didn’t go well. I can apply this whether in making periodization plan for my athletes or exercise prescription for my clients because for example, during the specific preparation month of my periodization, I noticed that my athletes are not responding well to the program. They’re signs of fatigue and decline in performances are observable during competition. I have to evaluate, analyze, make a conclusion, and come up with an action plan so that we will be able to achieve our goal. When making a periodization plan, it is always a step-by-step process. In the end of each phases, we can always give assessment and test our clients so that we will be able to make adjustments for the next phase/s. That’s why I think this reflective model is helpful for my profession/field.

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Describe a time when you have been part of a team in which differences of opinions developed about how the work was assigned or completed.

a.      What was your role?

b.      What actions did you make?

c.      Is there any specific sub-competency applicable to the situation?

d.      What was the outcome?

In our senior high school, I was part of a team where we were making props and background designs for a specific event, and I was one of the co-leaders for the props-making team.  It was an activity for our final exam. We were having complications with making the jail design and background of the stage as it was a big-scale event, and the materials we had were not enough. The design we did a first was a bit too small, so we had to revise the design itself and make the designs bigger; we were a bit stressed out because the event would be happening in two days, and we had to revise many components to make it appropriate for the stage. Moreover, as one of the co-leaders, it was our job to make sure of the designs and other props properly, and we failed, so as one of the co-leaders, I took on the heavy job and was pressured to finish it one time and to do well. Some of my members saw that I was overloaded on top of other school works. They offered to help, but I said I would do it myself, and they told me to share the job because it was not my fault, and we should help one another finish it faster. Communication is the key, and trust in your groupmates because only having communication makes you understand one another and make complicated things much more manageable. Talking to one another eases the burden of one. We had a fantastic event; the props were made on time, and it was superb and exquisite, and we were that. Despite the obstacles and problems we ran into, the event was successful, and we were happy because it showcased our talents and skills.

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1. Why should we reflect on practice? What skills are needed to reflect on practice?

We should reflect on practice because we could not always guarantee a 100% service or performance towards our clients, and as professionals, we are bound to the law to give the best service we can to our clients. Moreover, there would be times that we fail, so we need to reflect on our practice to know which parts we did were insufficient or lacking to improve and give our best performance to benefit the patient better. I think the skill needed to reflect on practice is self-awareness and discipline because we can sometimes get too confident without thinking about the situation or getting too rash. It is not good; after all, we as professionals should keep a level head, be calm, look at things logically, and be disciplined because we are to keep ourselves in line so as not to go over boundaries.

2. What’s your favorite model of reflective practice? How can you apply this model in your future practice?
For me, I think my favorite model of reflective practice is Kolb: Learning From Experience because it is all about learning from your experience and applying what you have learned and reflected the patient and continue improving and honing the skills to improve and have better skills.