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Cause: Hereditary factors through specific genes

Symptoms: Difficulty with reading, writing, and spelling skills

Age when symptoms appear: 1-2 years old, when children are first beginning to learn how to make sounds

Treatment: Changing what they do in school in order to cope with possible slower learning, put extra work into learning new things, no cure

Prognosis: No affect on life expectancy, generally gets better as you age

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Cause: Plaques (build up of protein between nerve cells) and Tangles (twisted fibers of protein)

Symptoms: Memory loss, difficulty completing familiar tasks, confusion with time or place, decreased judgement, change in personality

Age when symptoms appear: Usually in the mid 60s, 5% will have it onset before then

Treatment: No cure, drugs available to treat symptoms of memory loss and behaviors

Prognosis: People usually live for 8-10 more years after diagnosis, some survive 20 or more

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Cause: Mass or growth of abnormal cells in your brain

Symptoms: New pattern of headaches, explained nausea, vision problems, personality changes, difficulty with balance

Age when symptoms appear: Anytime, most common in children and older adults

Treatment: Depending on severity of it options are surgery, steroids, anti seizure drugs, chemotherapy

Prognosis: 5 years after prognosis, but depends on severity

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Cause: Biological differences
or genetics
Symptoms: Extreme mood swings, depression, mania or hypomania episodes

Age when symptoms appear: Late teens or early adult years, can be brought on by a stressful experience

Treatment: Continued medication, hospitalization, treatment programs

Prognosis: The symptoms can possibly cause death, but the disease itself will not lead to death

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Cause: A combination of inherited and environment factors

Symptoms: Involuntary movements of vocalizations (tics) that change over time

Age when symptoms appear: Before the age of 18, usually around 7 years old

Treatment: No cure, but medication is available to control or reduce tics, therapy is available to deal with the tics.

Prognosis: Some may eventually become symptom free as they age, but is usually lifelong and does not affect life expectancy