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There are three levels of government who work together to serve Australia.

Local Government:
Consists of 560 councils who are responsible for rubbish collection and disposal, shopping centres and park matinence. Each council has their own by-laws e.g swimming, fencing etc.

State Government:
The State Government was formally known as the Swan River Colony (June 1829). Their responsibilities include Education, Health (hospitals), Emergency Services, Water and Electricty.

Federal Government:
Federal Government was formed in 1901. They’re responsible for Taxation, Defence and Immigration. Federal Government also has responsibility for university education and health care.

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Federation is the union of all colonies (states) to become one nation on the 1st of January 1901.

6 States and 2 Territories

Making Canberra the capital of Australia.

Some of the reasons for Federation is defence, immigration, trade, tax, policy and that colonies would be stronger and unified by security.

Some reasons against Federation is that smaller colonies were over powered by the larger colonies.

ONE NATION, ONE FLAG AND ONE DESTINY.

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Australia is a constitutional monarchy and representative democracy. A constitution is a set of rules outlining how the country is to be governed. There are five main parts of the constitution. The first part is the federal parliament and government, who are responsible for national law making and other decisions. The second part is the bicameral parliament which includes the queen who is represented by the Governor-General, the senate and House of Representatives. The third part are the six state government, responsible for state matters. The fourth part is power sharing arrangements between the federal and state parliament. The last part of the constitution is the high court of Australia, which is the final court of appeal. This court interprets the constitution and decides its meanings.

If you are wishing to proposal the alter the constitution, you must go through a set of steps to do so. The first step is to get the bill to pass through both houses to get a majority vote. No later than 6 months after it has been passed by the parliament, it must be voted on by the electors of the states, at the referendum. At the referendum, the proposal must be approved by majority of the electors and then it is approved by the Governor General.

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The Senate is the Upper House of Parliament with 76 senators, 12 from each of the colonies (states) and 2 from each territory.

Voted by proportional representation.

The senate is also known as the House of Review as they review the proposed bills of the House of Representatives.

The most important role of the Senate is to protect the smaller populous states in Federal Parliament by giving equal representation of all states.

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There are 3 functions of government: Legislative, Executive, Judicial.

LEGISLALTIVE function involves the making of of statute laws. a written proposal (bill) is drawn up as a legal document and is introduced into parliament. the bill must be passed through both houses to become law. the GG gives the royal assent.

EXECUTIVE function involves carrying out or applying the law. the government department with the minister in charge will have the responsibility to carry out the politics decided by the government.

JUDICIAL function f the government involves interpreting the law and setting disputes. the judiciary consists of judges and magistrates and the courts over which they preside.