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The Middle Ages saw a huge rise in popularity of annual Shrovetide football matches throughout Europe, particularly in England. An early reference to a ball game played in Britain comes from the 9th century Historia Brittonum, which describes "a party of boys ... playing at ball".

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The game was often played in schools and two of the predominant schools were Rugby and Eton. The game in Rugby was called “the running game” while the game in Eton was called “the dribbling game”. Proper rules for the game were decided at a meeting in Cambridge in 1848 the first Football association was formed in 1863.

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a form of team game played with an oval ball on a field marked out as a gridiron. Points are scored mainly through touchdowns and field goals. Each side has eleven players on the field at any time.

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The NFL was the first professional football league to successfully establish a nationwide presence, after several decades of failed attempts. Only two teams currently in the NFL, the Decatur Staleys and the Chicago Cardinals, are founding members.

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After these two sports spread across the Atlantic, Americans invented their own variant of the game that they simply called "football" in the early 1900s. "Association football" became "soccer" in America, and what was called "gridiron" in Britain became simply "football" in America

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From 1966–1969 prior to the merger in 1970, the NFL and the AFL agreed to hold an ultimate championship game, first called the AFL-NFL World Championship Game and later renamed the Super Bowl after 1968.

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The combination of running, walking, sprinting and kicking can bring benefits including increased stamina, improved cardiovascular health, reduced body fat, improved muscle strength and tone, increased bone strength and improved coordination.