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By age 3 children should begin to know the following:
- age, gender, name
- beginning to understand and follow routines.
ex. after lunch goes to wash hands, gets blanket and lays on nap mat.
- Beginning to count and know the alphabet. May be able to recognize some letters and numbers.
- Engage in pretend or dramatic play
ex. there baby doll is their "baby" and they are the "mommy" or "daddy"

info founded at:
https://www.mottchildren.org/health-library/ue5314

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Piagets Theory of Cognitive Development: 3-5 years

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Piagets Theory of Cognitive Development: 3-5 years

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According to Jean Piagets theory of Cognitive Development, children between the ages of 3 to 5 years are in the pre-operational stage of development.

Characteristics of this stage:
- Able to think symbolically
- Children begin to think symbolically and learn to use words and pictures to represent objects (very well mind).
- Expansion in language, children begin to acquire more language and use complete sentences.
- Engage in dramatic or pretend play
- Temper tantrums! Children still prone to temper tantrums, but are getting better at regulating emotions.

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Girl (3 years) showing younger brother how to build with blocks. Shows self regulation when brother knocks her blocks down and is able to work with him to build.

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Play: Preschooler and Toddler Building With Blocks

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Children engage in dramatic play. Helps develop language and social skills. May play alone, but often times, with each other. Here a young girl is comforting her baby.

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By age 4, children should begin to know and understand:
- Correctly naming some colors
- The concept of counting and may know a few numbers
- The concept of time better
- Recalling parts of a story
- The concept of same and different
- Fantasy play

Information founded at:
https://childmind.org/guide/developmental-milestones/milestones-at-4-years/

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Cognitve Development - Age 4 (Fantasy Play)

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Cognitve Development - Age 4 (Fantasy Play)

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At this age, children will begin to engage in Fantasy play. While doing this, children will imitate the adults around them in their lives, and use their words. This fantasy play also gives children the opportunity to solve various issues that may come up.

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Cognitive Development - Age 4 (Telling Stories)

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Cognitive Development - Age 4 (Telling Stories)

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At this age, children will hear stories, and then want to tell them again. Their cognitive development allows them to recall parts of the story and tell it to somebody else. Children at this age will also begin to create their own stories and tell them to others.

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Cognitive Development - Age 4 (Telling Time)

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Cognitive Development - Age 4 (Telling Time)

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Once children reach this age, they may not be able to completely tell time, but they can begin to understand the concept of time. They are getting used to routine, and understand when it is snack time or nap time.

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By age 5, children should begin to:
- Recognize most letter of the alphabet
- Count 10 or more objects
- Know what household objects are used for
- Ex: money, food or appliances
- Carry on a meaningful conversation with another person
- Understand relationships between objects
- Ex: "The kids who are kicking the ball"
- Tell stories more clearly, and are being understood by others

Information founded at:
https://www.mottchildren.org/health-library/ue5316

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Cognitive Development - Age 5 (Counting Objects)

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Cognitive Development - Age 5 (Counting Objects)

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By the age of five, most children should be able to recognize and count the number of objects in front of them. They can take those objects, and use them to count up to ten, and even past that.

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Cognitive Development - Age 5 (Having Conversations)

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Cognitive Development - Age 5 (Having Conversations)

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Children are being able to speak more clearly and make more sense whenever they are speaking. Because of this, they begin to hold more meaningful conversations, and can talk for longer periods of time with different people.