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While you read, take notes in your journal.

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While you read, take notes in your journal.

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You can take notes how you would like. However, I would recommend using a concept map (like the one in the picture).

"Continental Drift" would go in the center shape and everything else would be connected to that center shape.

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Alfred Wegener's Theory of Continental Drift

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Alfred Wegener's Theory of Continental Drift

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Alfred Wegener, a scientist from the early 1900s, proposed this theory first -- he thought the continents "drifted" or moved on their own.

Other scientists did not believe him until after he died because Wegener could not tell them *why* the plates were moving. He did not know about the convection currents in the mantle yet.

Note: "Mya" means "million years ago"

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Wegener gathered many pieces of evidence to support his theory. Following are the most important pieces.

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The most obvious piece of evidence has to do with the shape of the continents. Specifically, if you look at South America and Africa, they line up almost perfectly like puzzle pieces! The same is true about the east coast of the United States and the west coast of parts of Europe. Could this just be a coincidence?

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As you know, fossils are what sometimes get left behind when living organisms die. There are a few types of animal fossils (Mesosaurus, Cynognathus, and Lystrosaurus) that have been found on different continents that are separated by oceans -- how could the same animal be living on different continents all over the world? Did they swim? That seems unlikely.

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Just like the animal fossils, there have been certain plant fossils (European flora and Glossopteris) that have been found on different continents -- how could a plant move itself that far?

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Okay, so the fossils on different continents are the same. That could just be a coincidence -- but what about this next one? The same exact types of rocks and rock patterns in mountain ranges have been found on different continents. If you line up the mountain ranges of the eastern US and western Europe, you will see that even the mountains match each other!

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Millions of years ago, in Earth's last Ice Age, glaciers (large blocks of ice) covered the earth. When remains of these glaciers have been discovered, we have even found that the same glacier patterns have been found on different continents (across oceans)! Okay, now I'm convinced.