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in the future i think that the country will be that it probably wont do well if it continues to keep going in the path it takes, which can ruin the economy and the ecosystem. Because people are doing very little to help out with many of the country problems, such as poverty and deforestation which is wiping t the forest very qui. But if they start focusing on the economy and all the problems that are caused naturally and man-made they can stop ruining the country and save it.

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Major droughts in Madagascar are leading to people having no choice but to eat wild fruits and 20% of homes in the country being desperately in need of food. Livestock are being forced to eat burnt cactus leaves because of the lack of food and they are not in healthy condition. Some foods, such as cereal, cost more now. People aren’t able to harvest so they’re selling the resources they have.

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Some diseases in Madagascar are malaria, rabies, hepatitis A, and bacterial diarrhea. Small animals, such as rats, spread the plague around to the people of this country quickly. In 2010-2015, 82% of the people in the whole world who had died of the plague came from Madagascar.

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#1 Cause of Death: Diarrheal diseases

#1 Cause of Death & Disability Combined: Malnutrition

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Overexploition of Animals: an environmental concern

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Overexploition of Animals: an environmental concern

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Tenrecs and carnivores are hunted and, although it’s illegal, people still kill lemurs. Many amphibians and reptiles are taken in as pets. Sea animals are getting hurt as well.

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Agricultural Fires: an environmental concern

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Agricultural Fires: an environmental concern

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Slash-and-burn is a method farmers use to clear their farm before planting new seeds. It requires cutting down and burning off plants. 90% of vegetation has been destroyed because of these fires. It harms animals, causes soil erosion, makes air quality unhealthy, and can lead to issues in industries.

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More than 250,000 kinds of animals and plants, many of which cannot be found anywhere else in the world, are being put at risk. Animals, such as lemurs, are threatened and the biodiversity of the forests, which is extremely important to an environment, is jeopardized. Madagascar has lost around 80% of its forests. The country is already very poor, but that combined with a high birth rate, fires, over-grazing, illegal logging, and a number of people competing over agriculture puts extra pressure on the ecosystem.

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In early 2008, Andry Rajoelina, who became Mayor of Antananarivo just a year before, showed a conference with a previous head of state on Viva Tv, a company he owned. This caused controversy as the government shut down the interview and people began rallying. Later the same year, Rajoelina was going against his enemy, Marc Ravalomanana, during the presidential election. He blamed Ravalomanana, claiming he took the money gained from public funds for himself. Ravalomanana refused to resign and their dispute worsened with violence and deaths taking place during protests. Several innocent people were killed. In 2009, Rajoelina announced he was taking control of Madagascar, which caused him to lose his job as mayor and the country was split up into two types of people- government supporters and Rajoelina’s supporters. He ended up becoming president anyway.

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Many of the issues in Madagascar regarding the population has to do with the huge amount of people living there. However, since Madagascar is an island, there would be nowhere for the population to expand. The high population growth results in farmers not having enough land to provide for their family, which also causes loss in money and increase in poverty. Children are dying of hunger. They’re also not getting the education they need. In 2013, 92% of the population lived under less than $2 each day.

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Eastern: dense evergreen forest

Western: deciduous forest

Extreme Southwest/Southern/High elevations: thicket

Highest elevations: shrubland

South & West: species of baobabs

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Madagascar is separated into 22 different regions. The land near the ocean is narrow and the middle contains of plateaus and mountains. Some mountains include Ankaratra, Tsaratanana Massif, and Andringitra. Ankaratra splits up three river basins. The boundaries of the plateau are steep to the east and west. The Cliff of Angavo is enclosed by the Betsimisaraka Escarpment. Behind that there are parts of ancient lakes. To the south, two slopes connect and form two plateaus. In the extreme north, the plateau is surrounded by the Ambohitra Mountains. The southeast of Madagascar has several small bays. The sedimentary layers of the western zone create hills. The northwestern coast, which is bordered by coral reefs, contains of bays and estuaries.

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Madagascar is separated into 22 different regions. The land near the ocean is narrow and the middle contains of plateaus and mountains. Some mountains include Ankaratra, Tsaratanana Massif, and Andringitra. Ankaratra splits up three river basins. The boundaries of the plateau are steep to the east and west. The Cliff of Angavo is enclosed by the Betsimisaraka Escarpment. Behind that there are parts of ancient lakes. To the south, two slopes connect and form two plateaus. In the extreme north, the plateau is surrounded by the Ambohitra Mountains. The southeast of Madagascar has several small bays. The sedimentary layers of the western zone create hills. The northwestern coast, which is bordered by coral reefs, contains of bays and estuaries.

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Highest Pt: Mountain Maramokotro

Lowest Pt: Indian Ocean

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Graphite

Quartz

Semi Precious stones

Salt

Chromite

Sapphires

Iron

Fish (crayfish, crabs, catfish, herring)

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The climate of the east coast is subequatorial, basically meaning it’s either extremely rainy or abnormally dry. This region, along with the far north, is rich in surface water. Cyclones are known for taking place during the rainy months. The west coast is generally dry. Both the southwest and extreme south (the driest region) are semidesert as they barely receive rain. The weather in the mountains is temperate.

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in the future i think that the country will be that it probably wont do well if it continues to keep going in the path it takes, which can ruin the economy and the ecosystem. Because people are doing very little to help out with many of the country problems, such as poverty and deforestation which is wiping t the forest very qui. But if they start focusing on the economy and all the problems that are caused naturally and man-made they can stop ruining the country and save it.

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Located in the Indian Ocean

Eastern coast of Africa, south of the equator

47th largest country & 4th largest island in the world

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Some concerns that people have for Madagascar include deforestation and loss of habitat, over 80% - 90% of the lands forest is gone, and this is still an ongoing issue and mainly process of fire, cultivation, logging and grazing that has reduced forest cover.   Over-exploitation of living resources. Soil erosion, due to the highlands degrading soil erosion is a major problem because they rely on crops an with the soil draining away its harder to grow crops and can ruin the economyAnd the introduction of alien species, which can ruin the ecosystem with other animals and insects.

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There have been many political issues but I will be listing some of the major things that have happened. One of the major things that has happened is that the government has stalled, with the population quickly growing, growing more than 3 million the the past years the economy had trouble keeping up, and in result the income per capita in 2013 has fallen back to its 2001 level. The poverty has increased.and then the infrastructure has be wearing down, due to natural disasters, and budget cuts all of the roads, water, and the power have been deteriorated. There are many other minor ones to.

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The population of Madagascar is 25.57 million. The population is also mainly made up of the Malagasy people 9/10 to be exact, and with the 20 ethnic groups which consists of many Betsimisaraka, Betsileo and many others the Marinas are the leading group with 26%

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Madagascar was once its own country but then it was taken over in 1946 the country became territory of France, but the people tried to rebel and fight back but more than 11,000 people died in a failed rebellion. And on June 26, 1960 they gained their independence. Some of the impacts were they still speak the language, they still cook some of the same style food, they have railroads built and so much more.

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Before the Europeans came and took over there were 3 kingdoms, the Sakalava, the  Betsmiraka, and the Merina. The Sakalava which originated by the western clans wanting to extend their power. They joined forces with  first with Arab, Persian, and Somali traders, then the with European slave traders. Then for the Betsmiraka they are also made up of different ethnic groups that formed a confederation in the early 18th century. This kingdom has gone through many rulers to. But then the union began to weaken leaving it vulnerable to enemies such as  European and particularly French settlers, slave traders, missionaries, and merchants. Lastly there are the Mirena and they were the politically dominant group between the 17th and 18th century. One time they were invaded by Sakalava, but they were able to fight them off and the Sakalava learned not to mess with them and the area they are in.and they reached the peak of their power in the early 19th century. But then they were captured and used as slaves, and then it all went downhill from there.

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When it comes to Madagascar's east coast there isn't really a coast it is mainly an escarpment that leads to the ocean, and that is where the rest of the rain forest is to. Then at the west coast there is are swamps of mangrove trees that lead to the deep bay. Then inland there is grassy areas ut with many forested hills along rice valleys. And then at the north there is the Tsaratanana Massif with the highest point the Matomoko. There are also major rivers such as the  Mananara, Mangoro Sambirano, Mahajamba, and many more, there are also lakes such as lake Alaotra, Lake Kinkony and Lake Ihotry