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Urban planning is a technical and political process that controls land use and the design of urban environments including transportation. This can also include urban renewal, i.e redeveloping some areas to solve issues, which is what the Beltline project is for. For a few decades sustainable development is also key in urban planning so as to limit the effects of climate change, the greatest challenge humanity has ever faced.

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Here is an article about modern American suburbs that mostly appeared after WWII in the 50s and 60s and there counterparts in other countries

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Suburbs are generally spread out over greater distances than other types of living environments. For instance, people may live in the suburb in order to avoid the density and untidiness of the city. Since people have to get around these vast stretches of land automobiles are common sights in suburbs. Transportation (including, to a limited extent, trains and buses) plays an important role in the life of a suburban resident who generally commutes to work.

People also like to decide for themselves how to live and what rules to live by. Suburbs offer them this independence. Local governance is common here in the form of community councils, forums, and elected officials. A good example of this is a Home Owners Association, a group common to many suburban neighborhoods that determines specific rules for the type, appearance, and size of homes in a community.

People living in the same suburb usually share similar backgrounds with regard to race, socioeconomic status, and age. Often, the houses that make up the area are similar in appearance, size, and blueprint, a layout design referred to as tract housing, or cookie-cutter housing.

Suburbs are not a modern concept, as this 539 BCE clay tablet letter from an early suburbanite to the king of Persia makes clear:

"Our property seems to me the most beautiful in the world. It is so close to Babylon that we enjoy all the advantages of the city, and yet when we come home we stay away from all the noise and dust."

Other early examples of suburbs include areas created for lower class citizens outside of Rome, Italy during the 1920s, streetcar suburbs in Montreal, Canada created during the late 1800s, and the picturesque Llewellyn Park, New Jersey, created in 1853.

Henry Ford was a big reason why suburbs caught on the way they did. His innovative ideas for making cars cut manufacturing costs, reducing the retail price for customers. Now that an average family could afford a car, more people could go to and from home and work everyday. Additionally, the development of the Interstate Highway System further encouraged suburban growth.

The government was another player that encouraged movement out of the city. Federal legislation made it cheaper for someone to construct a new home outside of the city than to improve upon a preexisting structure in the city. Loans and subsidies were also provided to those willing to move to new planned suburbs (usually wealthier white families).

In 1934 the United States Congress created the Federal Housing Administration (FHA), an organization intended to provide programs to insure mortgages. Poverty struck everyone's life during the Great Depression (beginning in 1929) and organizations like the FHA helped to ease the burden and stimulate growth.

Rapid growth of suburbia characterized the post-World War II era for three chief reasons:

The economic boom following World War II

The need for housing returning veterans and baby boomers relatively cheaply

Whites fleeing the desegregation of urban cities brought on by the civil rights movement (the "White Flight")

Some of the first and most famous suburbs in the post-war era were the Levittown developments in the Megalopolis.

In other parts of the world suburbs do not resemble the affluence of their American counterparts. Due to extreme poverty, crime, and lack of infrastructure suburbs in developing parts of the world are characterized by higher density and lower standards of living.

One issue arising from suburban growth is the disorganized, reckless manner in which neighborhoods are built, called sprawl. Because of the desire for larger plots of land and the rural feel of the countryside, new developments are infringing upon more and more of the natural, uninhabited land. The unprecedented growth of population in the past century will continue to fuel the expansion of suburbs in the coming years.

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Suburbs are generally spread out over greater distances than other types of living environments. For instance, people may live in the suburb in order to avoid the density and untidiness of the city. Since people have to get around these vast stretches of land automobiles are common sights in suburbs.

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The suburbs and everything that characterizes them. Today it is mostly used as depreciative term to characterize the ever expanding residential areas that do not offer any services in close proximity

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The USA have a very strict zoning policy, and mixed zoning, e.g. commercial and residential in the same building, is a rare sight, thus making every neighborhood pretty much specialized in one thing. This one of the reasons why cities spread outwards and also one of the reasons that lead to the creation of suburbias.

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All images that do not have any link to the original are mine

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The Beltline project is an urban redevelopment project meant to better connect neighborhoods by transforming disused rail tracks in pedestrian and cycle paths. There second objective is also to give access to public transportation in an effort to combat the car epidemic in the US.

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Georgia is known as the peach state, and in the city of Atlanta there is an incredible amount of streets containing peachtree in their name

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I really want to give credits to the people who made this experience possible.
These people are:
-The American embassy in Paris, France
-Georgia Department of Education
-DAREIC, Academie Nancy-Metz

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I really wanna thank all these people for making those 3 weeks unforgettable, I have definitely made friends for life over there and I feel so grateful I met y'all.
Moreover I also wanna thank my host family for making me feel at home all the time I was there

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In the US, the car is king, you take it to go anywhere and most of the time it takes at least 30 minutes of travelling to get from point A to point B which can be quite frustrating from a European perspective. Moreover, a big portion of people drive not so fuel efficient trucks which is just wasting money and resources besides aggravating the effect of climate change. Most household have at least as many cars as people for exemple my host family had 4 vehicles for 5 people. The reason people use their car so much in the US is mostly because everything is very spaced out and there is not much public transportation available.

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https://ycharts.com/indicators/atlanta_ga_unemployment_rate

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_busiest_airports_by_passenger_traffic

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlanta_metropolitan_area

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Why Atlanta is considered as the capital of the South?

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Why Atlanta is considered as the capital of the South?

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Atlanta is a regional metropolis. It's metropolitan area counts around 5.5 million inhabitants (2017) and this number is expected to grow by 2.5 million to attain 8 million in 2020. Moreover, It is also one of the fastest growing cities in America with a 2.82% growth rate in 2017.  Furthermore, it is located pretty much in the middle of what is considered the American south which is composed of the states under the Mason Dixon line.
The city is also attracts a lot of people. The city as a low unemployment percentage, in fact it went 8.40% in 2014 to 4.00% in 2019. Besides, Atlanta is also home to Georgia Tech, the best universities in the US. Additionally, there are multiple landmarks to visit throughout the city, such as the aquarium, the second biggest worldwide, the CNN Center or the Centennial Olympic park. Finally, Atlanta is also the birthplace to human rights activist Martin Luther King Jr.
We can also see a very prominent urban sprawl going in every directions for miles and miles, giving hindsight that people don't necessarily live in the city but around it and then go downtown for work everyday. This leads us to believe the is in fact very attractive
The city is very well connected to the rest of the world. The I-85 and the I-20 run through the heart of the city. Moreover, just South of the city, there is the Hartsfield-Jackson Atlanta International airport, the world's busiest airport servicing more than a 100 million passengers in 2018. Furthermore, there is an ongoing effort to provide public transportation throughout the city to connect neighborhoods. Besides, the project called Atlanta Beltline, also includes a redevelopment of disused railroad tracks into bicycle paths. Last, the city is also connected by rails, mainly to import fret.
To conclude, Atlanta is a regional metropolis that can very well be considered as the capital of the south.

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Sec. 16-02.002. - General districts established.

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Sec. 16-02.002. - General districts established.

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Zoning abbreviations for the map showing zoning restrictions

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MunicodeNEXT, the industry's leading search application with over 3,300 codes and growing!

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Map showing zoning restrictions throughout the city of Atlanta

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Map showing zoning restrictions throughout the city of Atlanta

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Example of what a trolleybus looks like.
Original link

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What streetcars in Atlanta look like.
Original link

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Atlanta was founded back in 1837 as a rail line terminus linking Savannah and the Midwest. The settlement grew quickly and between 1845 and 1854, rail lines arrived from four different directions making the town a rail hub for the Southern United States.
During the American Civil War (1861-1865) the city became an important railroad and military supply hub and Quickly became the target of a major invasion from the Union which resulted in the whole city being burned to the ground. The city's then began rapidly reconstructing hence the city's symbol, the phoenix. From 1871 to 1949, Atlanta had a wide streetcar system as was usual with any major city at the time, they were then replaced by trolleybuses and buses. In 2014 the streetcar made a come back with the Atlanta Beltline project which plans on redeveloping unused railway tracks to connect neighborhoods.

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This is one of the earliest maps of Atlanta, GA dating from 1888 that shows the grid street laying pattern and also multiple railways coming in and out of the city

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Document showing the divisions of townships (Jefferson grid)

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Document showing the divisions of townships (Jefferson grid)

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Image is public domain

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You probably have seen it on photos, it divides every territory of the United States acquired west after the revolutionnary war into perfect square miles in an effort to divide the land equally among farmers.
This grid based pattern was thought by Thomas Jefferson and enacted in the late 18th century, it then stuck to this day
Photo of farmlands in Kansas taken by NASA and found here

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Road: it can be anything that connects two points
Way: a small side street off of a road
Street: public way with buildings on both sides typically running perpendicular to an avenue
Avenue: Street that has trees or building on both sides
Boulevard: wide street that has trees on both sides and often a median
Lane: Narrow road often in a rural area
Drive: Long winding road taking it's cues from the environment such as a mountain
Terrace: Street found at the top of a slope
Place: Street finishing in a dead-end
Court: street with no through way that ends in a circle or loop
Plaza/Square: open public space surrounded by businesses or streets
Frontage road: it runs parallel to a larger road (ex: Highway) providing local access
Highway: major public road connecting cities
Interstate: it is part of a high way system but is federally founded, even if the name suggests it, it doesn't have to cross state borders, Hawaï for example has an interstate
Turnpike: it is part of a highway system and usually means you'll go through a tollbooth
Freeway: part of a highway system, it has two or more lanes on each sides
Beltway: Highway surrounding a whole city
Parkway: decorated public road
Junction: Where two roads cross such as at an interchange or at an intersection
Causeway: road going across low or swampy grounds

Source

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Even better in satellite view

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The background picture is a view from Buckhead taken by Kyle Sudu, it operates under a public domain licence and was found here