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Researched DNA mutants and what it was that infected the DNA. Found that it was on one X-chromosome.

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Researched two forms of bacteria in humans that cause pneumonia.Came up with 'transforming' principle when experimenting with the bacteria.

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McClintock studied corn and the jumping chromosomes. She found that the knob of the DNA is what caused the DNA to cross over.

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Set out to discover Griffiths 'transforming' principle. Found that DNA was the transforming principle not protein.

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He researched mutants in bacteria. Used K12 to demonstrate bacterial recombination.

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She studied the DNA mutagenesis and DNA and repair mechanisms and researched bacterial DNA.

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Alfred Hershey and Martha Chase                  1959

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Alfred Hershey and Martha Chase                  1959

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Studied viruses that attacked bacteria known as 'bacteriophages'. Only made up of protein and DNA and found that DNA is the genetic material that control the cell.

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Used X-rays to make her discovery of the shape of DNA. Found it was a double helix. Her research got stolen.

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James Watson and Francis Crick                  1953

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James Watson and Francis Crick                  1953

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Combined their ideas from their colleagues. Stole the shape from Rosalind.  Created macroscopic models of DNA and won Nobel Prize.

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Discovered the nitrogen bases of DNA (A+T,C+G). Did not mean that all organisms were the same.