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Homo Sapiens of Africa travelled across the land to Australia as well as other country's, in boat and on foot.

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The coast line way around 50-80 kilometres south of its position, the land was twice the size of today, the coastal area was rich in food and materials.

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The Tower Hill volcano erupted, the ash from the explosion caused ash to travel over a distance of 20 km, once it settled of the ground it became fertile soil which sprouted a variety of vegetation.

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Political and Religious power resided community elders over the hereditary chiefs. Agreements were settled

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This period of time saw increased aridity (Very dry weather) of the continent with lower temperatures and less rainfall, this had a pretty bad effect on wildlife and all Aboriginal Australians.

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The oldest boomerang found in Australia was uncovered at Wyrie Swamp in South Australia and dated back to about 10,000 years ago, However, the oldest boomerang in the world isn’t Australian at all, it was found in Poland and was made from a mammoth tusk around 20,000 years ago.

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Archeologists working in the Dampier Archipelago in Western Australia have found Aboriginal artefacts thought be at least 7,000 years old, approximately 11 metres underwater, there were Artefacts that had been collected and scanned for further research and then later have been returned to the traditional owners.

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Australia's youngest mainland volcano is Mt Gambier in South Australia which last erupted only about 6000 years ago, on the remote Australian Territory of Heard Island and McDonald Islands in the Southern Ocean, volcanic activity occurred on Mawson's Peak in the mid 1980s, and there was also activity on the nearby McDonald Islands occurred during the 1990s.

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The last 5,000 years were organized by a general improvement of the climate and an increase in the temperature and rainfall and the development of a sophisticated tribal social structure The main items of trade were songs and dances, along with flint, precious stones, shells, seeds, spears, food items, etc.

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Indigenous people were now using a wide and varying range of tools for food production including a hand mill used to grind and crush seeds.

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Territorial boundaries were being decided and set. The social and trading networks were thriving. Trade was a central part of life for Aboriginal people. Trade routes made their way everywhere around Australia.