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Question 1: Painting  | How does Raphael's painting School of Athens demonstrate the influence of humanism?

Raphael’s painting School of Athens demonstrates the influence of humanism by displaying the characteristics of change in paintings from the medieval age to the reformation.
In the medieval age, the art made was inclined to more non-secular attributes. Many paintings depicted pictures of Jesus, the cross, and his mother, who is referred to as the virgin Mary. Whereas, like the ideas of humanism, the painting School of Athens portrayed a place where individual potential and man’s intellectual performance and learning were the main focus.
In the painting, there are various humanists inserted. Examples being philosophers including Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle, mathematicians Pythagoras, and Euclid, Michaelangelo the sculptor, painter, and architect, who Raphael drew inspiration from, and Raphael even included himself. One could say that the joining of these great minds, who encouraged the ideas of humanism, shown together symbolize the joining of ideas from mathematics, philosophy, the visual arts, science, and engineering in the High Renaissance. A detail that enforces this idea is that in the painting the individuals shown were said to be sharing ideas and learning from each other. It’s described as a fantasy gathering since they lived at different times but even so, it showed how humanism was a widely accepted and broad influence in the society of the reformation and even the church.
Raphael’s art style showed the influence of Greek and Roman ideologies combining, the dignity of man, the triumph of reason, and the realism of the human body in its physical and mental form through the focus on the classical ideal of seeking fulfillment and meaning in daily life.

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Humanist thinkers depicted in the school of athens

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Humanist thinkers depicted in the school of athens

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Details: Mathematician, "Founder of geometry, Taught by Plato
Accomplishments: Euclidean geometry, Euclid's Elements, Euclidean algorithm

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Details: Philosopher, Founder of Pythagoreanism
Accomplishments: Political and religious teachings were known in Magna Graecia, Influenced the philosophies of Plato, Aristotle and Western philosophy

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Details: Philosopher
Accomplishments: One of the founders of Western philosophy, Known as the first moral philosopher of the Western ethical tradition of thought, the Socratic method

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Details: Painter, Architect, Took inspiration from Michaelangelo
Accomplishments: School of Athens, Madonna in the Meadow, Sistine Madonna

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Details: Philosopher, taught by Socrates
Accomplishments: Founder of the Platonist school of thought, Founder of the Academy (first university in Europe), Theory of Forms, Wrote many philosophical texts

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Details: Philosopher, Polymath, Taught by Plato
Accomplishments: Founder of the Lyceum, the Peripatetic school of philosophy, the Aristotelian tradition, taught Alexander the Great

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Art before the reformation depicted many religious things upon things blah blah