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Salgado is one of the most widely-respected contemporary documentary photographers. He often finds beauty and strength in what would usually seem a bleak situation. He utilises photography to shed light on issues or harsh circumstances around the world and always takes his photos in black and white. He often focuses his work on photos of the poor and the lesser privileged, opening the eyes of people who lead a much more privileged life.

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Salgado was born on the 8th of February, 1944 on a large cattle farm in Minas Gerais, Brazil. Salgado's family was middle class and he was the 6th of 8 children. Salgado originally trained as an economist, studying at the University of São Paulo and eventually earning himself a master's degree in economics. In 1967 he married Lelia Deluiz Wanick who ended up playing a very significant role in his photographic practice, considering Lelia the visionary and guiding force in the planning and execution of his projects. He began working as an economist however in 1973 at age 29 he made the decision to abandon his career in economy and instead focus all of his efforts into photography. When first beginning his journey as a photographer he was working on news assignments. However not for him he instead began taking more documentary oriented photographs.

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Salgado originally worked with photo agencies Sygma and Gamma but in 1979 he moved to Magnum Photos, an international collection of Photographers. He remained with Magnum until 1994 when he and his wife formed their own agency called 'Amazonas Images'.

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In Salgado's career he won an extremely long list of awards for his amazing photographic essays. These include the Photographer of the Year Award from the American Society of Magazine Photography, The King of Spain Journalism Award and many more.

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Salgado gained respect after he managed to take a collection of widely published photographs of the attempted assassination of president Ronald Reagan. At the time he was covering Reagan's first 100 days of presidency for the New York Times Magazine and just happened to be in the right place at the right time. He took 76 images in only one and a half minutes.

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Salgado went to 40 countries over the span of 6 years to be among and to photograph the migrants of the world. His intentions were to provide a medium to show their hardship and struggle and to provide some insight into the livelihood of migrants across the globe. Salgado made note that the migrants he was photographing were "frightened, uncomfortable and embarrassed", although they still allowed him to photograph them as they wanted their stories and hardship to be known. He said that the experience deeply changed him and although he was used to working in harsh conditions, he was not prepared for what he saw.

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Salgado's project "Workers" was a moving collection of images showing men working in the lowest and harshest conditions. It recognised the large population of the world that is extremely poor and oppressed which usually goes overlooked. For this photo series he focused on the South American workers who were overworked and underappreciated. He shows the people who are at the lowest end of the working class heirachy, tasked with hard manual labour and never given much of a voice. These images are never clean and organised but are instead intentionally dirty, greasy and textured.

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This project is Salgado's most recent project and focuses on the beauty of the world untouched by humans. It shows amazing open landscapes and a massive assortment of animals. These images do not rely on conceptual drive but are instead a collection of beautifully taken photographs, picturing the world in it's most pristine form.

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Boats and boating--Equipment and supplies