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Some of the multiple choice is from the material from exam I and II. The short answer part of the final is reserved mostly for new material (all but four points of the short answer section, in fact). - Dr. Connolly

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could exam I or II multiple choice packet questions be posted?

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When would it be diploid, would it be in somatic only

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why does every piece of DNA have 6 reading frames

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why does every piece of DNA have 6 reading frames

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can we go over meiosis and mitosis again please?

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can we go over meiosis and mitosis again please?

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Can you go over the leading and lagging strand

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so the final is all multiple choice, no open answer?

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can we pls go over testcross and dihybrid cross again?

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how in detail does the DNA molecule drawing need to be?

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how in detail does the DNA molecule drawing need to be?

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what's the difference btwn eukaryotic and bacterial transcription/translation?

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is there a lecture quiz due on monday?

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When P gen has a dominant gene for a disorder, but the F1 gen does not inherit it, does the genetic disorder gene in F1 become recessive then?

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In genetic disorders if a heterozygous and a homozygous breed does the offspring still develop the disorder?

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In terms of genetics are all humans inherently Heterozygous?

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What are some that happens in meiosis but not in mitosis?

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question about the final: will the content from exam 1 and 2 be from questions from the tests or just the the overall topic?

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random question - but how does sex chromosome activation work in intersex people?

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Difference between sister and daughter chromatid?

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So the genetic code is redundant because the amino acids can be coded by more than one codon, but unambiguous because under normal conditions one codon codes one amino acids?

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just to make sure, the non-coding strand is the coding strand, and the coding strand is the template strand

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is the energy from atp stored in the bonds between the phosphate groups?

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is the energy from atp stored in the bonds between the phosphate groups?

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What conditions allow passive transport across a membrane? What conditions require active transport?

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Can you give us main ideas of what we should know for the written portion?

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Can you give us main ideas of what we should know for the written portion?

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conditions that allow passive transport across a membrane?

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conditions that allow passive transport across a membrane?

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Could you go through the ATP hydrolysis one more time?

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Could you go through the ATP hydrolysis one more time?

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can you go over the chloroplast structure again pls

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can you go over the chloroplast structure again pls

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Describe noncyclic electron flow and the path of the excited electrons.

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Describe noncyclic electron flow and the path of the excited electrons.

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Define the roles of reactant, product, and enzymes in a metabolic pathway

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Define the roles of reactant, product, and enzymes in a metabolic pathway

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Can you explain the different bulk transports? 

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Can you explain the different bulk transports? 

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Can you explain this: distinguish the mechanism of competitive and allosteric inhibitors

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Can you explain this: distinguish the mechanism of competitive and allosteric inhibitors

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During ETC and Chemiosmosis does cashing in electrons mean we are using energy or saving energy?

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During ETC and Chemiosmosis does cashing in electrons mean we are using energy or saving energy?

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can we do a brief review of the light and dark rxns?

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can we do a brief review of the light and dark rxns?

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what are the sources of electron replenishment in the photosystems 1 and 2?

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Can we go over the noncyclic electron flow of the electrons in photosynthesis?

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Can you go over what co2 and H2o do during photosynthesis pls

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Can you explain what parts of cellular respiration are most important to know?

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Can you explain what parts of cellular respiration are most important to know?

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What happens to electrons during anabolic and catabolic reactions?

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In a coupled transport, when cotransporter takes advantage of diffusion of H+, is it an active or passive transport?

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In a coupled transport, when cotransporter takes advantage of diffusion of H+, is it an active or passive transport?

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can you explain membrane potential

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Could you define roles of reactant, product, and enzyme in metabolic pathways 

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Could you define roles of reactant, product, and enzyme in metabolic pathways 

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In the Calvin cycle, How does reduction and regeneration happen and why?

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Can you pls explain the light reaction cycle more slowly with the electron flow?

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can you re-explain reduction and regeneration, specifically the numbers of carbons and how we extract a 3C

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can you re-explain reduction and regeneration, specifically the numbers of carbons and how we extract a 3C

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can you further explain the stages that use substrate-level vs oxidative phosphorylation and the difference between the two

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can you go over what a spontaneous and non spontaneous reaction is?

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When will you be posting the study guide

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how is glycolysis subdivided into an investment phase and a payoff phase

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why do electrons carried by NADH yield more energy than FADH2

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Could you explain what proton motive force is again?

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Is chemiosmosis a passive transport for electrons then?

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Is oxidative phosphorylation active or passive transport? What about substrate level?

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will exam 2 be the same format as exam 1?

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will exam 2 be the same format as exam 1?

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How does oxidative phosphorylation use the ETC and the membrane potential to make atp?

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Can you explain oxidation reduction again

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When entropy goes down, does enthalpy go up? What relationship does it have?

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What does it mean that electrons release potential energy when they move closer to the EN atom?

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Could you explain how we go from high energy to low energy again?

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if delta H is positive does that make delta g negative

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if delta H is positive does that make delta g negative

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can you speak more on allosteric regulation

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can you speak more on allosteric regulation

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can you further describe how entropy contributes to a change in free energy?

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How we can define if amino acid is hydrophobic/hydrophilic 

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How we can define if amino acid is hydrophobic/hydrophilic 

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how would you draw water dissolving ionic compounds and polar solids

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how would you draw water dissolving ionic compounds and polar solids

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What evidence shows that mitochondria used to be a bacteria?

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What evidence shows that mitochondria used to be a bacteria?

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Can you explain how van der Waals interactions contribute to strong interactions

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should we be able to draw out the animal and plant cell? or just know the basic functions 

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should we be able to draw out the animal and plant cell? or just know the basic functions 

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what do we have to know about dehydration reactions and hydrolysis

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how does water dissolve polar solutes?

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how do you calculate the pH such as 1000 times more acidic or less acidic?

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how do you calculate the pH such as 1000 times more acidic or less acidic?

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benefits and drawbacks to light and electron microscopy

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benefits and drawbacks to light and electron microscopy

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Can you briefly explain what radiocarbon dating is? 

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Can you briefly explain what radiocarbon dating is? 

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Review the functional groups and how to recognize through a photo which functional group it is 

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Review the functional groups and how to recognize through a photo which functional group it is 

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How to identify most common functional groups

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How to identify most common functional groups

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how do you calculate atomic mass? or how do you know the exact numbers of protons and neutrons in an element 

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how do you calculate atomic mass? or how do you know the exact numbers of protons and neutrons in an element 

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how does the position of an electron affect potential energy

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how does the position of an electron affect potential energy

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can we review which bond is assigned to each macromolecule