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Buckingham Palace as it appeared in the early 18th century.

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A 1616 engraving by Claes Van Visscher showing the Old London Bridge, with Southwark Cathedral in the foreground.

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The French Academy of Sciences was established in 1666.

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The Scientific Revolution

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In the 16th century, as religious prohibitions against human dissection were lifted, the modern study of anatomy began, allowing scientist to distinguish between abnormal and normal anatomical features

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An Eyewitness Account of the Saint Bartholomew's Day Massacre by François Dubois (1529–1584).

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Louis xiv persecution of huguenots.

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Map showing refugee routes.

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Lord Craven fights the Great Fire of London

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"In the evening, when we could endure no more upon the water, we landed at Bankside, Southwark at a small public house, and there stood and saw the fire grow, and as it grew darker appeared more and more, and in corners, and upon steeples, and between churches and houses, as far as we could see up the City, in a most horrid bloody malicious flame, not like the flame of an ordinary fire."
- Samuel Pepys

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By 8.00 am on Monday, the north end of London Bridge was on fire, and 300 houses had been engulfed. Watching from a boat on the river was the diarist Samuel Pepys: The streets full of nothing but people and horses and carts laden with goods, ready to run over one another.

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Museum of London: The Great Fire of 1666

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Map of central London in 1666, showing landmarks related to the Great Fire of London.

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People running from burning home

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A disaster.

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The Great Plague was carried by fleas which then bit the black rat, who then went around infecting people by biting, leaving droppings around them and just being near them could give you a chance of getting infected.

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Buboes in a victim of plague

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Epidemic of bubonic plague, 1665–66.

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Deaths in London according to records went from 1000 a week then 2000 a week and finally reached 7000 deaths a week by September 1665.

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1665

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Epidemic among American Indians in New England

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Jamestown colonists built a fort in 1607 - but it accidentally burned in 1608

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Jamestown: The First Successful English Settlement

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Jamestown: The First Successful English Settlement

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Jamestown, Virginia Colonists

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Africans in the New World

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London was the centre of British trade. which had improved within the improvement of transport. Coffehouses were the place where aristocrats met and alehouses were places were ordinary people use to drink.

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The Scientific revolution was the emergence of modern science, when developments in mathematics, physics, astronomy, biology and chemistry transformed the society's view about the world. Scientist as Nicolaus Copernicus, Galileo Galilei and Johanenes Kepler set the laws of planetary motion, This led to a revolution in religious and philosophical thinking

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In his break from the Catholic church, Henry VIII had created a very unstable religious situation.  he structrual changes he made to the English church meant that the ruler of England now also was head of the church, and so every time the ruler changed, there might be a major change in religion. The result of Henry's changes eventually led to religious civil war.

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The Great Fire of London was a major conflagration that swept through the central parts of the English city of London from Sunday, 2 September to Wednesday, 5 September 1666.

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The Great Fire of London recreated on River Thames 350 years on

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The Great Plague of London in 1665 was the last in a long series of plague epidemics that first began in London in June 1499. The Great Plague killed between 75,000 and 100,000 of London’s rapidly expanding population of about 460,000.

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They were a group of British colonial on the east coast of North America founded in the 17th and 18th centuries that declared independence in 1776 and formed the United States.