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First thing u should know adult human skeletal system consists of 206 bones, as well as a network of tendons, ligaments and cartilage that connects them. The skeletal system performs vital functions — support, movement, protection, blood cell production, calcium storage and endocrine regulation — that enable us to survive.

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A fracture is a crack or break in the bone caused by trauma.

Symptoms include pain, swelling, and bruising.

Treatment involves resetting the bone and immobilization with a cast or traction.

Common types of fractures are described below:

Greenstick: The bone is bent and split, but does not completely break.

Simple or closed: The bone completely breaks but does not pierce through the skin.

Compound or open: The bone breaks and pierces through the skin, which can lead to infection.

Comminuted: The bone splinters into more than two pieces, which can become embedded in the surrounding tissue.

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A dislocation is when a bone is displaced from a joint.

It is typically caused by trauma, but it may also be inherited.

It often occurs in shoulders, fingers, knees, and hips.

Treatment involves reduction, or the return of the bone to its proper position, immobilization with a splint or cast, and rest.

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A sprain is when a twisting action tears the ligaments at a joint.

It may be caused by a sudden or unusual motion.

Symptoms include pain, swelling, and limited movement of the joint.

Treatment involves rest, elevation, immobilization with a bandage or splint, anti-inflammatory medication, and alternating application of heat and cold.

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Arthritis refers to a group of disorders where one or more joints are inflamed.In many cases, the cause is not known, but some causes may include joint disease, infection, or trauma.The two most common types of arthritis are rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis.

With rheumatoid arthritis, the body's immune system attacks its own tissue at the joints.

Osteoarthritis is also known as degenerative joint disease and usually occurs with aging.

Symptoms of arthritis include pain, swollen joints, and stiffness during motion.

There is no cure. Treatment is geared toward relieving discomfort. This may involve rest, application of heat and cold, pain and anti-inflammatory medications, and steroid injections. When severe damage has occurred, surgery may be performed to replace joints.

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Skeletal system works together with the muscular system to help the bones move

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Arthritis refers to a group of disorders where one or more joints are inflamed.

A sprain is when a twisting action tears the ligaments at a joint.

A dislocation is when a bone is displaced from a joint.

A fracture is a crack or break in the bone caused by trauma. There are several different types of fractures.

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Joints: Crash Course Anatomy & Physiology #20

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The thorax is also known as the chest cavity. It helps to protect the heart and lungs.

There are 12 pairs of ribs, or costae:

The first 7 pairs are called "true ribs" because they are attached to the sternum, or breastbone.

The next 5 pairs are called "false ribs."

The first 3 pairs of these ribs each attach to the cartilage of the rib above it.

The last 2 pairs have no attachment on the front of the body and are called "floating ribs."

The sternum includes 3 parts:

The manubrium is the upper region. It is attached by ligaments on both sides to the clavicles, or collarbones.

The gladiolus is the body.

The xiphoid process is a small piece of cartilage at the bottom.

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The spinal column consists of 26 bones called vertebrae. It is also known as the vertebral column. It encloses and protects the spinal cord and supports the head and trunk. Discs of cartilage tissue separate the vertebrae to cushion the bones and allow movement.

The spinal column includes these vertebrae:

7 cervical/ neck

12 thoracic/ chest

5 lumbar/ lower back

1 sacrum/ back of pelvic girdle

1 coccyx/ tailbone

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The skull consists of the cranium and facial bones.

The cranium surrounds and protects the brain. The cranial bones join at points called sutures. At birth, there are two openings in the cranium called fontanels, or "soft spots." They give space for the skull to enlarge as the brain grows, and they usually close by 18-24 months of age. The 8 cranial bones include the following:             1 frontal                                                                                                               2 parital                                                                                                                2 temporal         1 sphenoid

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The axial skeleton forms the main trunk of the body. It includes the skull, spinal column, ribs, and breastbone.The appendicular skeleton forms the extremities. It includes the shoulder girdle, arm bones, pelvic girdle, and leg bones.

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Red marrow is found in epiphyses  and in certain flat bones. It produces red blood cells, platelets, and some white blood cells. Children have red marrow throughout their bodies. As they become adults, most of it is replaced with yellow marrow., which is mostly made of fat cells, fills the medullary canal. This marrow serves as fat storage and contains blood vessels and some cells that form white blood cells.

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Irregular bones are specialized and do not fit the other types.Examples are ear and vertebrae.

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Flat bones have a broad shape. Bones of this type can be found in the skull,shoulder blade,and pelvis. They cover organs to protect then or provide a surface for larger areas of muscle.

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Short bones have similar size and width.Bones of this type can be found in the wrist and ankles.They have an outer layer of compact bones and an inner layer of bone with lattice work structure.

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long bones are longer than they are wide.Bones of this type form the extremities,arms,and legs.

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The main function of the skeletal system is to give shape to and protect the body.Bones are classified by shape: long, short, flat, or irregular.The axial skeleton forms the main trunk of the body. It includes the skull, spinal column, ribs, and breastbone.The appendicular skeleton forms the extremities. It includes the shoulder girdle, arm bones, pelvic girdle, and leg bones.Joints are areas where two or more bones connect.