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learn some facts to show off your volcano knowledge 

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nooo shark

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In the remote Solomon Islands, researchers have found a few sharks that are living inside Kavachi volcano. Video footage has gone viral where you see the sharks swimming inside. NEW CHANNEL- TOP 10 GAMING http://bit.ly/2qCbvUk Subscribe To Inform Overload: https://www.youtube.com/user/InformOverload ------------------------------------ STORY LINK: http://bit.ly/1CNVDOW ------------------------------------ MAIL US SOMETHING: P.O BOX # 14015 2408 Lakeshore Blvd W.

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learn some facts to show off your volcano knowledge

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Is it just us or is it getting hot in here, gang? Prepare to delve into the depths of the earth and uncover these seriously hot volcano facts - if you dare!
Volcano facts

1. Put simply, a volcano is an opening (usually in a mountain) in the Earth's surface from which gas, hot magma and ash can escape.

2. The word "volcano" comes from the Roman name "Vulcan" - the Roman god of fire.

3. Volcanoes are often found at meeting points of what are called "tectonic plates". These plates are pieces of the Earth's surface that fit together just like a jigsaw puzzle.

4. Volcanoes aren't only found on the boundaries of tectonic plates, though. They can also occur over "mantle plumes" - super hot areas of rock inside the Earth.

Did you know that we have a FREE downloadable Volcanoes of Ecuador primary resource? Great for teachers, homeschoolers and parents alike!

5. 350 million, or one in 20 people in the world live within "danger range" of an active volcano

6. Volcanoes are classified as active, dormant or extinct depending on the amount of volcanic activity happening. "Active" means there's regular activity, "dormant" means there's been recent activity but that it's currently quiet and "extinct", meaning it's been so long since the last eruption that it's unlikely to ever erupt again.

7. When you imagine a volcano, you might picture it as a large, slope-sided mountain, but volcanoes can actually be a variety of shapes. Shield (flat), composite (tall and thin), cinder cones (circular or oval cones), and lava domes (where dome-shaped deposits of hardened lava have built up around the vent, as the lava is too thick to flow very far).

8. Magma is the name given to hot liquid rock inside a volcano. Once it leaves the volcano, it's known as lava.

Psst! Make sure you download our awesome volcano facts infographic - show your friends, family, or stick it on your wall!

9. Volcanoes don't just occur on land, they can be found on the ocean floor and under ice caps, too!

10. Lava can reach 1,250°C and has the potential to burn everything in its path! If you used a glass thermometer to take the temperature it would melt.

11. The world's largest active volcano is Mauna Loa in Hawaii standing at 4,169m!

12. In A.D. 79, Mount Vesuvius erupted, devastating the Italian town of Pompeii. The ash deposits preserved the town and the remains of the people within it. You can still see them today!

13. The "Ring of Fire", a 40,000 km Horseshoe shaped area of the Pacific Ocean, is home to 90% of all volcanoes on the Earth.

14. About 1,900 volcanoes on Earth are considered active and are likely to explode again - yikes!

15. In 1883 Krakatau in Southeast Asia erupted, releasing 200 megatrons of energy, the equivalent of 15,000 nuclear bombs! This generated the loudest sound reported in history.

16. The soil near volcanoes is said to be rich and fertile which is why some people actually set up home on the slopes!

17. And it's not just humans that settle on the slopes - maleo birds use the heat from volcanoes to help hatch their eggs! They bury the eggs in the soil or sand near to volcanoes. When the chicks hatch they claw their way up to the surface.
Check out this explosive video, full of exciting facts and information about volcanoes!
What did you think of our volcano facts, gang? Let us know by leaving a comment below!

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Volcano facts | National Geographic Kids

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Is it just us or is it getting hot in here, gang? Prepare to delve into the depths of the earth and uncover these seriously hot volcano facts - if you dare! 1. Put simply, a volcano is an opening (usually in a mountain) in the Earth's surface from which gas, hot magma and ash can escape.

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lava

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Amazing up close footage of Lava entering the ocean.

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Amazing up close footage of Lava entering the ocean.

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Follow a Lava River’s Mesmerizing Path of Destruction | Short Film Showcase

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Advantages and disadvantages of volcanic eruptions :)  ):

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The Advantages and Disadvanatges of living near Volcanoes

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Here is a song I created to help my 6th grade students study. I hope you enjoy. Eh-eh-o eh-o (6x) In a weak spot in crust magma reaches surface Boundaries can you see most of volcanoes And dormant is sleeping right now Extinct dead-won't erupt Active showing signs that it will Bring darkness from above But if it flows with fire Does it always leak like quiet volcanoes?

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A video about the basic parts of a Volcano. Music: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=O05bpHWtKsU

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by louis ccccccccasey

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Thanks for watching! Yellowstone national park is located in Wyoming, USA. Underneath is the most powerful/largest super volcano on the planet. It would erupt at ANY moment, so what would happen if it did? SUBSCRIBE; http://bit.ly/2auD460 PREVIOUS VIDEO: http://bit.ly/2cDZffw SUPPORT THIS CHANNEL!; https://www.patreon.com/underworld5s Song: Crypto from Royalty Free Music: Incomptech.com Sources: http://bit.ly/2d74P8x http://nyp.st/1dbTzhU http://bit.ly/2dWaMnw EVERYTHING USED IN THIS VIDEO IS COPYRIGHT FREE.

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Enjoy the videos and music you love, upload original content, and share it all with friends, family, and the world on YouTube.

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Interesting facts about volcanoes

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Deadliest Volcanoes /// History Channel Documentary

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Volcaneos are very dangerous objects

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This video shows a day in Pompeii and shows what happens after the eruption

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A Day in Pompeii - Full-length animation

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All About Volcanoes: How They Form, Eruptions & More!

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oopsi daiseys

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10 Volcanoes That Could Destroy The World

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These are the 10 top most powerful super volcanoes in the world they might be that things that destroy our planet & end everything! Subscribe to American Eye http://goo.gl/GBphkv 5. Mount Kilauea This volcano in Hawaii is the world's most active volcano and has been steadily been erupting since 1983.

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Top 5 Volcano Eruptions Caught on Camera

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Top 10 Volcanoes That Are Ready To Blow // Subscribe: http://goo.gl/Q2kKrD // For more great content from Getty Images, check out their Instagram page here: https://www.instagram.com/gettyimages/ These volcanoes may have had deadly eruptions in the past, but some scientists believe that the sleeping giants are still dangerous and could explode in the near future!

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1. Volcanoes are usually located where tectonic plates meet.

2. Volcanic eruptions can send ash high into the air, over 30km (17 miles) above the Earth’s surface.

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Top 10 Deadliest Volcanic Eruptions in History

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Geography Lesson: What is a Volcano? | Twig

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1. Active
2. Dormant
3.Extinct

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The World's Most Unbelievable Volcanic Eruption Footage!

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Hi guys, thanks for watching & don't forget to leave a like and subscribe! Also check out our social media as shown at the end of the video! Be sure to let us know what you want to see in our future videos!

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volcanoes erupt in Iceland

  labeled diagram about a vol canoe

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A volcano in Papua New Guinea that was thought to be dormant has erupted for the first time in known history, spewing ash thousands of feet into the air and forcing the evacuation of hundreds of residents.

The 365m tall volcano on Kadovar Island began erupting on Friday, according to local media reports, and experts now fear it could lead to landslides and tsunamis in the area.

"Due to the steepness of the island, landslides are possible and together with the explosive nature of magma, tsunamis may be generated," the Rabual Volcanological Observatory said in a statement.

"It appears from satellite imagery and aerial photographs that it started with mild vulcanian activity from a vent at the southeast base.

"It appears a fissure may be opening just inside of the western wall of the net's breach descending down to at least sea level."

Cheyne O'Brien, a forecaster at the Darwin Volcanic Ash Advisory Centre, said that the ash clouds had been thrown up steadily to a height of 2,133m, forming a plume that is travelling west-northwest.

"It's just a continuous emission of volcanic ash at the moment," he added.

Mr O'Brien also said that although the plume does not yet pose a hazard to aircraft, that could change if the wind switched direction towards Papua New Guinea's Wewak airport.

More than 500 residents have been evacuated from Kadovar Island with no loss of life, according to US charity Samaritan Aviation, which operates seaplanes to remote areas of Papua New Guinea.

"We do not have any details yet as to where all of the families have gone and hope to have further information in the new future," the charity said in a statement on Facebook.

There are no confirmed records of a previous eruption of Kadovar, said Chris Firth, a vulcanologist at Macquarie University, but scientists speculate it could have been one of two "burning islands" mentioned in the journals of a 17th-century English pirate and maritime adventurer, William Dampier.

Dampier may have recorded the last eruption of Kadovar during a voyage in search of "Terra Australis", the southern continent once thought to be mythical, Firth said.

Vulcanologists are interested to observe its behaviour now.

"It's hard to predict what might happen, as there's nothing to compare it to," Mr Firth added.
Additional reporting by Reuters.
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Volcano thought to be dormant erupts for the first time in known history

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A volcano in Papua New Guinea that was thought to be dormant has erupted for the first time in known history, spewing ash thousands of feet into the air and forcing the evacuation of hundreds of residents.

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Although submarine volcanoes may not produce the spectacular eruption events of some of their land counterparts, undersea volcanic activity is a constant process that shapes the features of the ocean.

Smoke pours from top of a chimney at the Mata Fitu submarine volcano, at a depth of 2,600 meters. NOAA scientists studied this and other underwater volcanoes as part of the Submarine Ring of Fire 2012: Northeast Lau Basin expedition.

Volcanoes are common occurrences along the boundaries of Earth’s tectonic plates. These boundaries allow super-heated molten rock called magma, along with ash and gases, to rise through Earth’s crust and emerge on the surface, often dramatically. Since many plate boundaries are submerged, around three-quarters of all volcanic activity on Earth actually occurs underwater.

Even though most submarine volcanoes do not produce the spectacular eruption events of some of their land counterparts, undersea volcanic activity is a constant process that shapes the features of the ocean. When magma reaches the level of the seafloor, it meets cold ocean water and quickly cools to form basaltic rock, often termed "pillow lava" due to its rounded shape. This pillow lava, along with slower-cooling magma beneath it, forms the vast majority of oceanic crust.

Frequent eruptions along divergent plate boundaries such as the Mid-Atlantic Ridge form new ocean bottom in a process known as seafloor spreading. This process occurs slowly (1-15 centimeters per year) yet relentlessly, moving the plates—and the ocean floor and continents above them—further apart. Halfway around the world, along the Pacific Ring of Fire, volcanic activity occurs as plates converge on each other, creating subduction zones.

Continued volcanism in one area can build up to form underwater mountains called seamounts or even islands that breach the ocean surface. Many examples of island chains throughout the Pacific, such has the Hawaiian Islands, are formed as one volcanic hotspot erupts over millions of years while the Pacific plate drifts above it.

Submarine volcanoes are also interesting because of the unique habitats they create. Seamounts are often areas of high biological diversity; their shape acts to deflect food-carrying currents upward, attracting a variety of sessile fauna and the crustaceans and fish that feed upon them. In the late 1970s, scientists were shocked to discover that some animals can even metabolize inorganic compounds emitted during volcanic activity, forming unique communities around hotspots of hydrothermal venting (similar to geyser activity on land).

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What If The Yellowstone Volcano Erupted?
What If The Yellowstone Volcano Erupted?
What If The Yellowstone Volcano Erupted? Subscribe To Life's Biggest Questions: http://bit.ly/2evqECe Support Us On PATREON: http://bit.ly/2xOvaE7 The Yellowstone Supervolano is an active volcano beneath the Yellowstone National Park, a sprawling area straddling Wyoming, Idaho and Montana in the United States. Given its eruption pattern, it could be ready to blow at any time.
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Volcanoes are openings in the Earth’s surface. When they are active they can let ash, gas and hot magma escape in sometimes violent and spectacular eruptions.The word volcano originally comes from the name of the Roman god of fire, Vulcan.Volcanoes are usually located where tectonic plates meet. This is especially true for the Pacific Ring of Fire, an area around the Pacific Ocean where over 75% of the volcanoes on Earth are found.While most volcanoes form near tectonic boundaries, they can also form in areas that contain abnormally hot rock inside the Earth. Known as mantle plumes, these hotspots are found at a number of locations around the globe with the most notable being in Hawaii.Hot liquid rock under the Earth’s surface is known as magma, it is called lava after it comes out of a volcano.Some famous volcanic eruptions of modern times include Mount Krakatoa in 1883, Novarupta in 1912, Mount St Helens in 1980 and Mt Pinatubo in 1991.While we certainly have some big volcanoes here on Earth, the biggest known volcano in our solar system is actually on Mars. Its name is Olympus Mons and it measures a whooping 600km (373 miles) wide and 21km (13 miles) high.The object with the most volcanic activity in our solar system is Io, one of Jupiter’s moons. Covered in volcanoes, its surface is constantly changing to the large amount of volcanic activity.Most people think of volcanoes as large cone shaped mountains but that is just one type, others feature wide plateaus, fissure vents (cracks were lava emerges) and bulging dome shapes.There are also volcanoes found on the ocean floor and even under icecaps, such as those found in Iceland.Volcanoes can be active (regular activity), dormant (recent historical activity but now quiet) or extinct (no activity in historical times and unlikely to erupt again). While these terms are useful, scientists are more likely to describe volcanoes by characteristics such a how they formed, how they erupt and what their shape is.Common volcanic gases include water vapor, carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide, hydrogen chloride, hydrogen fluoride and hydrogen sulfide.Volcanic eruptions can send ash high into the air, over 30km (17 miles) above the Earth’s surface.Large volcanic eruptions can reflect radiation from the Sun and drop average temperatures on Earth by around half a degree. There have been several examples of this over the last century.Pumice is a unique volcanic rock (igneous) that can float in water. It can also be used as an abrasive and is sometimes used in beauty salons for removing dry skin.
Volcanoes are openings in the Earth’s surface. When they are active they can let ash, gas and hot magma escape in so

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Volcanoes are openings in the Earth’s surface. When they are active they can let ash, gas and hot magma escape in sometimes violent and spectacular eruptions.The word volcano originally comes from the name of the Roman god of fire, Vulcan.Volcanoes are usually located where tectonic plates meet. This is especially true for the Pacific Ring of Fire, an area around the Pacific Ocean where over 75% of the volcanoes on Earth are found.While most volcanoes form near tectonic boundaries, they can also form in areas that contain abnormally hot rock inside the Earth. Known as mantle plumes, these hotspots are found at a number of locations around the globe with the most notable being in Hawaii.Hot liquid rock under the Earth’s surface is known as magma, it is called lava after it comes out of a volcano.Some famous volcanic eruptions of modern times include Mount Krakatoa in 1883, Novarupta in 1912, Mount St Helens in 1980 and Mt Pinatubo in 1991.While we certainly have some big volcanoes here on Earth, the biggest known volcano in our solar system is actually on Mars. Its name is Olympus Mons and it measures a whooping 600km (373 miles) wide and 21km (13 miles) high.The object with the most volcanic activity in our solar system is Io, one of Jupiter’s moons. Covered in volcanoes, its surface is constantly changing to the large amount of volcanic activity.Most people think of volcanoes as large cone shaped mountains but that is just one type, others feature wide plateaus, fissure vents (cracks were lava emerges) and bulging dome shapes.There are also volcanoes found on the ocean floor and even under icecaps, such as those found in Iceland.Volcanoes can be active (regular activity), dormant (recent historical activity but now quiet) or extinct (no activity in historical times and unlikely to erupt again). While these terms are useful, scientists are more likely to describe volcanoes by characteristics such a how they formed, how they erupt and what their shape is.Common volcanic gases include water vapor, carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide, hydrogen chloride, hydrogen fluoride and hydrogen sulfide.Volcanic eruptions can send ash high into the air, over 30km (17 miles) above the Earth’s surface.Large volcanic eruptions can reflect radiation from the Sun and drop average temperatures on Earth by around half a degree. There have been several examples of this over the last century.Pumice is a unique volcanic rock (igneous) that can float in water. It can also be used as an abrasive and is sometimes used in beauty salons for removing dry skin.
Volcanoes are openings in the Earth’s surface. When they are active they can let ash, gas and hot magma escape in so

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What If The Yellowstone Volcano Erupted?
What If The Yellowstone Volcano Erupted?
What If The Yellowstone Volcano Erupted? Subscribe To Life's Biggest Questions: http://bit.ly/2evqECe Support Us On PATREON: http://bit.ly/2xOvaE7 The Yellowstone Supervolano is an active volcano beneath the Yellowstone National Park, a sprawling area straddling Wyoming, Idaho and Montana in the United States. Given its eruption pattern, it could be ready to blow at any time.
youtube
Volcanoes are openings in the Earth’s surface. When they are active they can let ash, gas and hot magma escape in sometimes violent and spectacular eruptions.The word volcano originally comes from the name of the Roman god of fire, Vulcan.Volcanoes are usually located where tectonic plates meet. This is especially true for the Pacific Ring of Fire, an area around the Pacific Ocean where over 75% of the volcanoes on Earth are found.While most volcanoes form near tectonic boundaries, they can also form in areas that contain abnormally hot rock inside the Earth. Known as mantle plumes, these hotspots are found at a number of locations around the globe with the most notable being in Hawaii.Hot liquid rock under the Earth’s surface is known as magma, it is called lava after it comes out of a volcano.Some famous volcanic eruptions of modern times include Mount Krakatoa in 1883, Novarupta in 1912, Mount St Helens in 1980 and Mt Pinatubo in 1991.While we certainly have some big volcanoes here on Earth, the biggest known volcano in our solar system is actually on Mars. Its name is Olympus Mons and it measures a whooping 600km (373 miles) wide and 21km (13 miles) high.The object with the most volcanic activity in our solar system is Io, one of Jupiter’s moons. Covered in volcanoes, its surface is constantly changing to the large amount of volcanic activity.Most people think of volcanoes as large cone shaped mountains but that is just one type, others feature wide plateaus, fissure vents (cracks were lava emerges) and bulging dome shapes.There are also volcanoes found on the ocean floor and even under icecaps, such as those found in Iceland.Volcanoes can be active (regular activity), dormant (recent historical activity but now quiet) or extinct (no activity in historical times and unlikely to erupt again). While these terms are useful, scientists are more likely to describe volcanoes by characteristics such a how they formed, how they erupt and what their shape is.Common volcanic gases include water vapor, carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide, hydrogen chloride, hydrogen fluoride and hydrogen sulfide.Volcanic eruptions can send ash high into the air, over 30km (17 miles) above the Earth’s surface.Large volcanic eruptions can reflect radiation from the Sun and drop average temperatures on Earth by around half a degree. There have been several examples of this over the last century.Pumice is a unique volcanic rock (igneous) that can float in water. It can also be used as an abrasive and is sometimes used in beauty salons for removing dry skin.
Volcanoes are openings in the Earth’s surface. When they are active they can let ash, gas and hot magma escape in so

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DANGEROUS EFFECTS:

Volcanic eruptions can cause earthquakes, fast floods, mud slides, and rock falls. Lava can travel very far and burn, bury, or damage anything in its path, including people, houses, and trees. The large amount of dust and ash can cause roofs to fall, makes it hard to breathe, and is normally very smelly. The ground around the volcano is not secure and can cause big earthquakes.

Houses and trees are destroyed | Ash, Gas, and Dust | Lava

A lot of scientists believe that really big volcanic eruptions can change weather around the world. Ash clouds sometimes float very high in the air for years, so sunlight cannot get to the earth, causing snow and frost in the summer in a lot of countries.

GOOD EFFECTS:

The main good effect that volcanoes have on the environment is to give vitamins to the soil around them. Volcanic ash contains minerals that help plants grow, and if the ash is very soft, it will quickly get mixed into the soil.

Another good thing about volcanoes is that their sides are often steep and hard to reach, making them a safe place for plants and animals to live.

Also, volcanoes are a very important source of life. Their gases are what created our water and atmosphere. This has been happening for 4.5 billion years.

Other important good effects of volcanoes include the creation of natural glass, sulfur, copper, and nickel.

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A volcano is a rupture in the crust of a planetary-mass object, such as Earth, that allows hot lava, volcanic ash, and gases to escape from a magma chamber below the surface.

Earth's volcanoes occur because its crust is broken into 17 major, rigid tectonic plates that float on a hotter, softer layer in its mantle.[1] Therefore, on Earth, volcanoes are generally found where tectonic plates are diverging or converging, and most are found underwater. For example, a mid-oceanic ridge, such as the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, has volcanoes caused by divergent tectonic plates whereas the Pacific Ring of Fire has volcanoes caused by convergent tectonic plates. Volcanoes can also form where there is stretching and thinning of the crust's plates, e.g., in the East African Rift and the Wells Gray-Clearwater volcanic field and Rio Grande Rift in North America. This type of volcanism falls under the umbrella of "plate hypothesis" volcanism.[2] Volcanism away from plate boundaries has also been explained as mantle plumes. These so-called "hotspots", for example Hawaii, are postulated to arise from upwelling diapirs with magma from the core–mantle boundary, 3,000 km deep in the Earth. Volcanoes are usually not created where two tectonic plates slide past one another.

Erupting volcanoes can pose many hazards, not only in the immediate vicinity of the eruption. One such hazard is that volcanic ash can be a threat to aircraft, in particular those with jet engines where ash particles can be melted by the high operating temperature; the melted particles then adhere to the turbine blades and alter their shape, disrupting the operation of the turbine. Large eruptions can affect temperature as ash and droplets of sulfuric acid obscure the sun and cool the Earth's lower atmosphere (or troposphere); however, they also absorb heat radiated from the Earth, thereby warming the upper atmosphere (or stratosphere). Historically, volcanic winters have caused catastrophic famines.

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Volcanoes affect people in many ways, some are good, some are not. Some of the bad ways are that houses, buildings, roads, and fields can get covered with ash. As long as you can get the ash off (especially if it is wet), your house may not collapse, but often the people leave because of the ash and are not around to continually clean off their roofs. If the ashfall is really heavy it can make it impossible to breathe.

Lava flows are almost always too slow to run over people, but they can certainly run over houses, roads, and any other structures.

Pyroclastic flows are mixtures of hot gas and ash, and they travel very quickly down the slopes of volcanoes. They are so hot and choking that if you are caught in one it will kill you. They are also so fast (100-200 km/hour) that you cannot out-run them. If a volcano that is known for producing pyroclastic flows is looking like it may erupt soon, the best thing is for you to leave before it does.

Some of the good ways that volcanoes affect people include producing spectacular scenery, and producing very rich soils for farming.

Gases

Water vapor, the most common gas released by volcanoes, causes few problems. Sulfur dioxide, carbon dioxide and hydrogen are released in smaller amounts. Carbon monoxide, hydrogen sulfide, and hydrogen fluoride are also released but typically less than 1 percent by volume.Gases pose the greatest hazard close to the vent where concentrations are greatest. Away from the vent the gases quickly become diluted by air. For most people even a brief visit to a vent is not a health hazard. However, it can be dangerous for people with respiratory problems.

The continuous eruption at Kilauea presents some new problems. Long term exposure to volcanic fumes may aggravate existing respiratory problems. It may also cause headaches and fatigue in regularly healthy people. The gases also limit visibility, especially on the leeward side of the island where they become trapped by atmospheric conditions.

Source of Information:  Volcanic and Seismic Hazards on the Island of Hawaii by Christina Heliker, 1991, U.S. Geological Survey General Interest Publication.

A deadly eruption

The 1815 explosive eruption of Tambora volcano in Indonesia and the subsequent caldera collapse produced 9.5 cubic miles (40 cubic kilometers) of ash. The eruption killed 10,000 people. An additional 80,000 people died from crop loss and famine.

Aircraft

To put it mildly, ash is bad for jet aircraft engines. Apparently the problem is much more severe for modern jet engines which burn hotter than the older ones. Parts of these engines operate at temperatures that are high enough to melt ash that is ingested. Essentially you end up with tiny blobs of lava inside the engine. This is then forced back into other parts where the temperatures are lower and the stuff solidifies. As you can imagine this is pretty bad. One problem that I heard about is that pilots start losing power and apply the throttle, causing the engine to be even hotter and melt more ash.Added to this is the fact that ash is actually tiny particles of glass plus small mineral shards–pretty abrasive stuff. You can imagine that dumping a whole bunch of abrasive powder into a jet engine is not good for the engine. This has been a pretty non-scientific explanation of the problem. I just found an article that describes the problem a little more technically.

“The ash erodes sharp blades in the compressor, reducing its efficiency. The ash melts in the combustion chamber to form molten glass. The ash then solidifies on turbine blades, blocking air flow and causing the engine to stall.” This comes from the FAA Aviation Safety Journal, Vol. 2, No. 3.

Safe distance

The distance you have to evacuate depends entirely on what kind of eruption is going on. For example, Pinatubo, one of the largest recent eruptions sent pyroclastic flows at least 18 km down its flanks, and pumice falls were hot and heavy even beyond that. For example, pumice 7 cm across fell at Clark Air base which is 25 km from the volcano! A 7 cm pumice won’t necessarily kill you but it does mean that there is a lot of pumice falling, and if you don’t get out and continuously sweep off your roof it may fall in and you’ll get squashed.On the other hand, the current eruption at Ruapehu is relatively small. In fact, there were skiers up on the slopes when the eruptions commenced, and even though they were only 1-2 km from the vent they managed to escape. The volcanologists routinely go up on the higher slopes of Ruapehu during these ongoing eruptions to collect ash and take photographs.

So you see, you need to know something about what you think the volcano is going to do before you decide how far to run away. I guess if you have no idea of what the volcano is planning, and have no idea of what it has done in the past, you might want to be at least 25-30 km away, make sure you have a good escape route to get even farther away if necessary, and by all means stay out of low-lying areas!

Cities and Towns

The effect an eruption will have on a nearby city could vary from none at all to catastrophic. For example, atmospheric conditions might carry ash away from the city or topography might direct lahars and pyroclastic flows to unpopulated areas. In contrast, under certain atmospheric, eruption and/or topographic conditions, lahars, pyroclastic flows, and/or ash fall could enter the city causing death and destruction.

This scenario brings up several interesting problems. How do you evacuate a large population if there is little warning before the eruption? Where do these people go? If an eruption is highly likely yet hasn’t happened yet how long can people be kept away from their homes and businesses?

I should point out that in most volcanic crises geologists advise local civil defense authorities. The civil defense authorities decide what to do concerning evacuations, etc.

The IAVCEI has a program to promote research on “Decade” Volcanoes. Decade volcanoes are likely to erupt in the near future and are near large population centers. Mount Rainier in Washington and Mauna Loa in Hawaii are two Decade volcanoes in the U.S. Other Decade volcanoes include Santa Maria, Stromboli, Pinatubo, and Unzen.

What happens to the towns around a volcano when it erupts depends on many things. It depends of the size and type of eruption and the size and location of the town. A few examples might help. The 1984 eruption of Mauna Loa in Hawaii sent lava towards Hilo but the eruption stopped before the flows reached the town. The 1973 eruption of Heimaey in Iceland buried much of the nearby town of Heimaey under lava and cinder. The 1960 eruption of Kilauea in Hawaii buried all of the nearby town of Kapoho under lava and cinder. In 1980, ash from Mount St. Helens fell on many towns in Washington and Oregon. The 1902 eruption of Mount Pelee on the island of Martinique destroyed the town of Saint Pierre with pyroclastic flows. In 1985, the town of Armero was partially buried by lahars generated on Ruiz. For more examples see Decker and Decker (1989).

Mount Mayon , in the Philippines, is a classic example of a stratovolcano.  Image credit:  Steve O’Meara

Source of Information:
Decker, R., and Decker, B., 1989, Volcanoes: W.H. Freeman, New York, 285 p.

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what if the yellowstone volcano erupted?

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What If The Yellowstone Volcano Erupted?

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What If The Yellowstone Volcano Erupted? Subscribe To Life's Biggest Questions: http://bit.ly/2evqECe Support Us On PATREON: http://bit.ly/2xOvaE7 The Yellowstone Supervolano is an active volcano beneath the Yellowstone National Park, a sprawling area straddling Wyoming, Idaho and Montana in the United States. Given its eruption pattern, it could be ready to blow at any time.

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Volcanoes are openings in the Earth’s surface. When they are active they can let ash, gas and hot magma escape in sometimes violent and spectacular eruptions.The word volcano originally comes from the name of the Roman god of fire, Vulcan.Volcanoes are usually located where tectonic plates meet. This is especially true for the Pacific Ring of Fire, an area around the Pacific Ocean where over 75% of the volcanoes on Earth are found.While most volcanoes form near tectonic boundaries, they can also form in areas that contain abnormally hot rock inside the Earth. Known as mantle plumes, these hotspots are found at a number of locations around the globe with the most notable being in Hawaii.Hot liquid rock under the Earth’s surface is known as magma, it is called lava after it comes out of a volcano.Some famous volcanic eruptions of modern times include Mount Krakatoa in 1883, Novarupta in 1912, Mount St Helens in 1980 and Mt Pinatubo in 1991.While we certainly have some big volcanoes here on Earth, the biggest known volcano in our solar system is actually on Mars. Its name is Olympus Mons and it measures a whooping 600km (373 miles) wide and 21km (13 miles) high.The object with the most volcanic activity in our solar system is Io, one of Jupiter’s moons. Covered in volcanoes, its surface is constantly changing to the large amount of volcanic activity.Most people think of volcanoes as large cone shaped mountains but that is just one type, others feature wide plateaus, fissure vents (cracks were lava emerges) and bulging dome shapes.There are also volcanoes found on the ocean floor and even under icecaps, such as those found in Iceland.Volcanoes can be active (regular activity), dormant (recent historical activity but now quiet) or extinct (no activity in historical times and unlikely to erupt again). While these terms are useful, scientists are more likely to describe volcanoes by characteristics such a how they formed, how they erupt and what their shape is.Common volcanic gases include water vapor, carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide, hydrogen chloride, hydrogen fluoride and hydrogen sulfide.Volcanic eruptions can send ash high into the air, over 30km (17 miles) above the Earth’s surface.Large volcanic eruptions can reflect radiation from the Sun and drop average temperatures on Earth by around half a degree. There have been several examples of this over the last century.Pumice is a unique volcanic rock (igneous) that can float in water. It can also be used as an abrasive and is sometimes used in beauty salons for removing dry skin.

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Volcanoes are openings in the Earth’s surface. When they are active they can let ash, gas and hot magma escape in sometimes violent and spectacular eruptions.The word volcano originally comes from the name of the Roman god of fire, Vulcan.Volcanoes are usually located where tectonic plates meet. This is especially true for the Pacific Ring of Fire, an area around the Pacific Ocean where over 75% of the volcanoes on Earth are found.While most volcanoes form near tectonic boundaries, they can also form in areas that contain abnormally hot rock inside the Earth. Known as mantle plumes, these hotspots are found at a number of locations around the globe with the most notable being in Hawaii.Hot liquid rock under the Earth’s surface is known as magma, it is called lava after it comes out of a volcano.Some famous volcanic eruptions of modern times include Mount Krakatoa in 1883, Novarupta in 1912, Mount St Helens in 1980 and Mt Pinatubo in 1991.While we certainly have some big volcanoes here on Earth, the biggest known volcano in our solar system is actually on Mars. Its name is Olympus Mons and it measures a whooping 600km (373 miles) wide and 21km (13 miles) high.The object with the most volcanic activity in our solar system is Io, one of Jupiter’s moons. Covered in volcanoes, its surface is constantly changing to the large amount of volcanic activity.Most people think of volcanoes as large cone shaped mountains but that is just one type, others feature wide plateaus, fissure vents (cracks were lava emerges) and bulging dome shapes.There are also volcanoes found on the ocean floor and even under icecaps, such as those found in Iceland.Volcanoes can be active (regular activity), dormant (recent historical activity but now quiet) or extinct (no activity in historical times and unlikely to erupt again). While these terms are useful, scientists are more likely to describe volcanoes by characteristics such a how they formed, how they erupt and what their shape is.Common volcanic gases include water vapor, carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide, hydrogen chloride, hydrogen fluoride and hydrogen sulfide.Volcanic eruptions can send ash high into the air, over 30km (17 miles) above the Earth’s surface.Large volcanic eruptions can reflect radiation from the Sun and drop average temperatures on Earth by around half a degree. There have been several examples of this over the last century.Pumice is a unique volcanic rock (igneous) that can float in water. It can also be used as an abrasive and is sometimes used in beauty salons for removing dry skin.

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What causes volcanoes to erupt?

The Earth's crust is made up of huge slabs called plates, which fit together like a jigsaw puzzle. These plates sometimes move.

Between the Earth's crust and the mantle is a substance called magma which is made of rock and gases.

When two plates collide, one section slides on top of the other, the one beneath is pushed down.  Magma is squeezed up between two plates.

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What is the difference between lava and Magma?

Magma is liquid rock inside a volcano.

Lava is liquid rock (magma) that flows out of a volcano. Fresh lava ranges from 1,300° to 2,200° F (700° to 1,200° C) in temperature and glows red hot to white hot as it flows.

How many volcanoes are there in the world?

There are around 1,510 active volcanoes in the world.

We currently know of 80 or more which are under the oceans.

What are the three layers the Earth is made of?

1. Crust
The crust is the outer layer of Earth. It is about 18 miles thick. It is the part we live on.

2. Mantle
The second layer is called the mantle. It is about 1,800 miles thick.

3. Core
The inner layer is called the core

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5 Deadliest Volcano Eruptions In Human History

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Top 10 natural disasters caught on camera (part 1)

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Top 10 Deadliest Volcanic Eruptions in History

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Why the Yellowstone Supervolcano Could Be Huge

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Kuana Torres Kahele, Napua Greig, James Ford Murphy - Lava (From "Lava" (Official Lyric Video))

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Storm (HQ) Volcano Eruption (Vivaldi Techno)  Vanessa Mae Violin Full HD Music Song Vídeo Remix 2013

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Vanessa-Mae Vanakorn Nicholson (born 27 October 1978), known professionally as Vanessa-Mae, is a British violinist. Her music style is self-described as "violin techno-acoustic fusion", as several of her albums prominently feature the techno style with the classical style.

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magma flow

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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=U_Dvi_ZO50A