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Diabetes can cause Neuropathy and poor blood flow within the body especially areas like the feet. Foot complications like Peripheral Arterial Disease (PAD) can arise from these.

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How Does Diabetes Cause Foot Complications?

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How Does Diabetes Cause Foot Complications?

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Someone who has diabetes can develop foot problems because of poor blood flow in the feet and nerve damage. Diabetes causes blood vessels of the foot and leg to narrow and harden. The hardening and narrowing of the blood vessels causes poor circulation(blood flow) making it so your foot is less able to fight infection and heal.

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Calluses: Calluses occur more often and build faster on feet of people with diabetes. This is because there are high-pressure areas under the foot. If calluses aren’t trimmed, they get very thick and break down turning into ulcers(open sores). Never try to cut calluses or corns yourself, this can lead to ulcers and infection.

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Neuropathy causes nerves to die or become inefficient. Neuropathy is caused by the high and unregulated blood sugar in the body that damages blood vessels over time. Due to lack of working nerves diabetics can get foot injuries in which they don’t feel. This can break down the tissue of the feet.

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Damaged nerves that modulate moisture result in extremely dry skin.

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If these calluses are not trimmed by a professional healthcare provider, they can break down and form ulcers. Because a diabetic's high blood sugar makes it difficult to fight infections it can be tedious treating ulcers. Poor blood circulation also makes it hard for antibiotics to course through the blood.

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Naturally, there is a lot of pressure on the feet. However with extremely dry skin, calluses can form.

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PAD is the buildup of plaque (composed of fat, cholesterol, calcium, fibrous tissue etc.) within the arteries that carry blood. Over time this becomes a condition known as atherosclerosis. This plaque can narrow and harden arteries. Overall limiting oxygen-rich blood flow to your organs like your heart, head, arms, kidneys, and stomach. Primarily, it limits flow in the leg arteries.

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It also increases the risk of coronary heart disease, heart attack, stroke, and transient ischemic attack (mini stroke).

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Non-healing foot ulcers are very common with type 2 diabetes.

It can get bad enough to get part of your leg amputated.

Complications: Nerve damage and poor circulation. Nerve damage causes loss of feeling in the feet, taking away the ability to feel pain and discomfort, so you may not detect an injury or irritation.

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Using a pumice stone every day will help keep calluses under control. It is best to use the pumice stone on wet skin. Put on lotion right after you use the pumice stone.

Exercise is good for poor circulation. It stimulates blood flow in the legs and feet. Walk in sturdy, good-fitting, comfortable shoes, but don't walk when you have open sores.

Some people can be helped with medication to improve circulation.