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They weren't related to the big picture

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The necessary existence of both, Virtue and Vice and Good and Bad, constitutes towards a less wholesome picture and lessened scope of seeing seeing the facilities of other characters, and more essentially, in the reader.

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"Virtue and vice were warp and woof of our first consciousness, and they will be the fabric of our last, and this despite any changes we may impose on field and river and mountain, on economy and manners" (413).

Warp and woof of our first conscience, the way Steinbeck puts this indicates that they are required and innate traits because they spawned once humans were main. Also, Warp and Woof indicates that they were not created by God, but instead created by the existence of consious thought.

Fabric indicates that they will continue to exist until no matter what happens, hence mentioning changes we may impose.

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Mainly through
Diction

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In a way, the inability of Aron and Adam to see past an image they have set before, is also adopted by the reader.

Many will see Charles and Cal as bad people despite both doing good acts, like the first person. of Cathy, who adopts the second, of Aron and Adam, who embody the third.

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In some ironic twist, Steinbeck directly shows the reader, though in a convoluted way, that they are not able to see people as they are, and that it is the one actin of bad that will set a person to that path.

The part that makes it (possibly Dramatic) irony is that the characters have this conflict to a certain extent which the audience is aware that the characters display it, but do not know that thew display it.

Examples being:
Adam can't see that Lee can speak English properly, or that who Cathy is until he confronts her.

and

Aron and Adam can't see anything other than the image they have already placed in their mind.

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In his desire to know whether he was good or evil, a well-liked king named Croesus asked Solon the Athenian who the luckiest person in the world was. Solon answers him by telling him he cannot be considered lucky or unlucky because he has not died yet, therefore his legacy cannot be assessed. Troubled by the answer, his life changes and his downfall ultimately leads him into losing everything. In the end, the question he asked still remained...

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 "I believe that there is one story in the world, and only one, that has frightened and inspired us..." (413)

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 "I believe that there is one story in the world, and only one, that has frightened and inspired us..." (413)

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Perhaps the fact that there is only one story that exists makes the dichotomy between good and evil more daunting for the person because the decision of whether or not their life was good is clear and cannot be questioned.

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"Pearl White" symbolizes the inability to fully discover, resulting in "continual thought and wonder." We are never able to find out the answer to the main question that Steinbeck asks.

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"... we live in a Pearl White serial of continuing thought and wonder" (413)

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"... we live in a Pearl White serial of continuing thought and wonder" (413)

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Steinbeck uses the words "Pearl White" perhaps to highlight the murkiness and lack of clarity in the continuous quest for an answer of whether one's life was good or evil. When we think of a pearl, it has a peculiar shine to it that attracts and calls for all eyes to stare upon it, yet the unique whiteness of the pearl prevents people from seeing through it or examine its with complete understanding of its colors as it also reflects colors from its surroundings.

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Steinbeck is trying to tell readers that the obsession of man to find out whether their life was good or evil ultimately results in the downfall and removal of good within him.

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Steinbeck's purpose for mentioning Creosus may be for it to go over the readers heads'.  The first person mentioned was once a bad person, but tried to repent. When he died, the people were glad that he died.

The point that goes over the readers is that the person has the capacity to be good, but because of the bad he has done, will not be looked as good person.

It is the inability for the reader do discern the differences between bad in context. If it was for a good cause, of for truly a bad act. Or even of the feeling of regret is there.

The first person felt regret. But it does not mean that he is forever a bad person because of that, and that he will remain a bad person. The second was truly bad, but should not be held to the same standard as the first.

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Steinbeck uses this story in order to represent the everlasting question over whether one's life is or was good or evil. When one dies, it is then possible to assess the goodness or evil of their life.

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Steinbeck starts off the chapter with a question about the story of the world. Children ask this and adults ask this too. Throughout life, people ask this, never finding a complete answer. Yet, life is the struggle between good and evil. This is the only answer that Steinbeck can provide to explain why the world and, thus, it creates the never ending battle between them.

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Steinbeck describes evil as constantly respawning, as if it has been defeated before, but good is described as immortal, as if it never dies.

If evil indefinitely respawns, then it will, in essence, be immortal.

"And it occurs to me that evil must constantly respawn, while good, while virtue, is immortal. Vice has always a new fresh young face, while virtue is venerable as nothing else in the world is" (415)

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At the end of Part 3 of the novel, Steinbeck leaves the readers with a last image of Tom, who is about to end his life. The numbness readers feel translates over to their emotions at the beginning of Part 4, with the main question of the meaning of the world.