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The Mayans are indigenous people to around Mexico and Central America that inhabited the areas of what's now Yucatan, Quintana Roo, Campeche, Tabasco, Chiapas and went south through Guatemala, Belize, El Salvador, and the Honduras. Now, the Mayans culture is mainly located in Guatemala. The Mayans based their land on a peninsula that gave the region fertile land. Mysterious decline led to the fall of the Mayan empire between the eighth and ninth centuries. Maya civilization grew to some 40 cities during their golden age during 250 AD.

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The Aztecs covered nearly all of what's nowadays Mexico and it extended down into other regions of Central America too. The capital city of the Aztecs was Tenochtitlan built on a series of islets, the place is now Mexico City. By the early 16th century, the Aztecs had come to rule over up to 500 small states, and some 5 to 6 million people, either by conquest or commerce. Present Day nine percent of mexico's population is purely spanish, sixty percent is mixed, and 30 percent is fully descended from the people of the aztec people.

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The Inca Empire was the most expanding empire in the mesoamericas. The Incas held the land of South Western America, the empire was centered on the Andean mountain ranges. The political and military center of the empire was located in Cusco in modern day Peru.The Inca referred to their empire as Tawantinsuyu which can be translated as The Four Regions or The Four United Provinces. A main resource that the Amazon river ran through the empire, the biggest river in the Americas. The Inca Empire was short-lived because of the Spanish, It lasted just less of 100 years, from 1438 AD, when the Inca ruler Pachacuti and his army began defeating the lands surrounding the Inca capital of Cuzco, until the arrival of the Spanish conquistadors in 1532.

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Some of the greatest Aztec architectural achievements include the double aqueduct, causeways and artificial lands. The Aztecs spoke a language called Nahuatl. It was also the language of most of Central Mexico. The Aztecs also built the city of Tenochtitlan which was the largest city in the Pre-Columbian Americas. The Aztec Empire was a triple aliance, it began as an alliance of three Nahua city-states which was Mexico-Tenochtitlan, Texcoco, and Tlacopan.

The city of Tenochtitlan.

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One of the greatest Inca achievements was the the citadel of Machu Picchu. Built in the mountains of current day Peru, it was considered a religious site for Inca leaders.  The Inca's were also amazingly able to function without a currency.

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Acamapichtli (1376-1395) - Founder of the Aztec empire

Moctezuma I (1440-1469) - 5th Aztec leader, during his reign major expansion was had. Also, Tenochtitlan started becoming the dominant part of the Aztec Triple Alliance.
Moctezuma II (1502-1520) - He was defeated by the Spanish and European diseases in 1520

https://www.timetoast.com/timelines/558088

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Pachacuti (1438-1471) - His rule started in 1438. He started a huge expansion of the Incan empire. His name, Pachacuti-Cusi Yapanqui means "earth-shaker."
Topa Inca Yupanqui (1471-1493) - Son of Pachacuti, he continued the expansion of the great Incan empire. He was also known as "The Sacred Sister of Machu Picchu." The Inca leader is said to be "son of Inta the Sun god."
https://youtu.be/znj7yImbR4I

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The Aztec saw the forces of nature as gods and goddesses. The most important god is the sun god, Huitzilopochtli, who is also their god of war. The Aztecs also believed that the 'good' gods need to be more powerful than the 'bad' gods, so they made human sacrifices to make the 'good' gods powerful. The gods they thought made the world were Tezcatlipoca, Quetzalcoatl, Tlaloc and Chalchiuhtlicue. They also made the underworld for the dead people.
http://www.history.com/topics/aztecs/videos/the-aztecs

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"Maya society was broken into a class structure with four main levels: the nobility (Maya almehenob), the priesthood (Maya ahkinob), the common people (Maya ah chembal uinieol), and the slaves (Maya ppencatob)." most of the sculptures and artistic items, jewelry especially, are made into their gods

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The Incas thought their god, Viracocha, created the earth, stars, etc. They also saw him as the god who created the moon and the sun by plucking them from and island in Lake Titicaca.

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Mayans: https://www.ancient.eu/Maya_Civilization/

Aztecs: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aztec

Incan:

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http://science.howstuffworks.com
https://learnodo-newtonic.com/aztec-achievements

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Mayan:

https://www.ancient.eu/Maya_Government/
https://www.ancient.eu/Kinich_Janaab_Pacal/

Aztec:
https://www.timetoast.com/timelines/558088
Incan: http://www.rediscovermachupicchu.com/inca-rulers.htm
https://www.visitmexico.com/en/main-destinations/chiapas/palenque

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https://library.umaine.edu/hudson/palmer/Maya/society.asp
http://home.freeuk.net/elloughton13/aztecgod.htm
http://mayaincaaztec.com/incareligion.html

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Justin Arellano

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Jaden Ducatte

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Avery Wade

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Zed Lanier

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Pakal the Great (615-683) - He lived from 603-83 CE. He held the throne for nearly 70 years, taking it at the age of only 12. During his rule, he rose the city of Palenque from a normal city to a great urban center of Mesoamerica.

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The Mayan Civilization was one of the most advanced civilizations for it's time. One of the great achievements they had was a numerical system. They had symbols that represented equations and large numbers. The mathematics of the Maya was far superior to Europe's mathematics at the time. The Mayans also had a great understanding of astronomy and were very skilled architects. And we also can't forget about the Mayan calendar which had three different dating systems.

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When Europeans arrived they called these natives "savages":

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When Europeans arrived they called these natives "savages":

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-The Europeans saw the natives as "savages" because compared to the Europeans, the natives were very basic and undeveloped. They were unhelpful to the Europeans. (Zed)
- Don't judge a book by it's cover. That's what the Europeans did when they looked at the natives. The natives were definitely not savages because they had a government, social structure, many achievements, and extremely diverse culture, language and religion, and more. (Avery)
-When the Europeans first arrived to the Americas and they saw the people who were already there and when they saw the lack of cloth and heard the language they spoke, the Europeans thought they were a couple generations advanced than this group that wore barely any cloth except for where they needed cloth, and how they had spears while the Europeans had guns and swords of course the first thing that'll pop up in your head is savages. If you're exploring and you walk upon a whole civilization that wore barely any cloth and lived in huts what would you think of them?
(Justin)

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How do countries such as Mexico, Guatemala, and Peru celebrate their indigenous peoples past?

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How do countries such as Mexico, Guatemala, and Peru celebrate their indigenous peoples past?

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- The culture of Mexico represents the countries complex past and is a blend of Indigenous culture and Spanish culture. The Spanish government recognizes 62 different indigenous languages as national languages. Mexico also holds festivals for different times of the year for their indigenous ancestors.
- In Peru, the indigenous peoples are often discriminated and don't have a place. Their language is still spoken but is slowly dying off and being replaced with Spanish. Forty-six percent of Peru's population are indigenous peoples. Peru needs to start respecting their indigenous people and preserving their land. They need to also give them a place in society.
-The Guatemalans use the caves their ancestors used to hide from the Spaniards to celebrate their indigenous peoples past. They create a fire in the cave and use their native language for chants which is not Spanish(they only speak Spanish because they were invaded by the Spaniards). They use a special ceremonial cigar and share it around with everybody at the celebration. They use cigars like the Native Americans used the pipes around the campfires. (Zed)

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-Peru(Avery)
1)http://www.karikuy.org/blog/2013/08/16/perus-indigenous-people-and-empowering-their-voices/
2)http://www.footprinttravelguides.com/latinamerica/peru/culture/perus-indigenous-people/
3http://lt.umn.edu/earthducation/expedition4/indigenous-cultures/
-Guatemala(Zed)
Did not use any websites